SGLT2i as a First-line Antihyperglycemic in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes in the Context of Indians: A Systematic Review and Consensus.

Background: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have been used for almost a decade and have proven to be effective not only in managing Type 2 diabetes (T2D), but their cardio and renal protective features make them very useful in managing patients with risk of multiple comorbidities. This systematic review was undertaken by the authors because there is no evidence currently available in India that has studied the suitability of SGLT2i as a first-line agent in patients newly diagnosed with T2D in India.

Materials And Methods: First, literature was searched to identify features that are considered important when deciding on a first-line agent for managing T2D.

Role and Significance of Dietary Protein in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes and Its Complications in India: An Expert Opinion.

Background: Obesity, prediabetes, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) pose a triple burden in India. Almost two-thirds of people with diabetes (PWD) in India are found to have suboptimal glycemic, blood pressure, and lipid control. Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) in diabetes has emphasized on the amount and type of carbohydrates for years.

Consensus on Current Landscape and Treatment Trends of Obesity in India for Primary Care Physicians.

: The objective of this consensus article was to form a list of expert recommendations and an easily adaptable algorithm for obesity management in India by primary care physicians (PCPs). : A Delphi-based model was followed to form a list of the consensus recommendations. Consensus statements were created from the results of a literature review that were graded as per the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) criteria.

Evolving Scope of Clinical Empathy in the Current Era of Medical Practice.

Clinical empathy is one of the most essential tools of medical practice, and it is an act of correctly acknowledging the emotional state of another without experiencing that state oneself. Empathy comprises four components. Mounting evidence exists to support the use of clinical empathy as a tactic for effective health care.

Clinical Evidence and Practice-Based Guidelines on the Utility of Basal Insulin Combined Oral Therapy (Metformin and Glimepiride) in the Current Era.

Background And Aim: Basal insulin combined oral therapy consisting of insulin and oral anti-diabetic drugs (OADs) is recommended for type 2 diabetes uncontrolled on OADs. There is a lack of clear evidence and recommendations on the combined use of basal insulin analogues to more than one OADs (glimepiride plus metformin) in effective control of glycemic parameters and its safety in terms of reduced hypoglycemic events, weight gain and cardiovascular risk. In this context, a group of clinical experts discussed the utility of basal insulin combined oral therapy with metformin and glimepiride in the current era.

Assessment of determining factors for severity of NeoCOVIDiabetes in India: A pan India multicentric retrospective study.

Background And Aims: There is a bidirectional relationship between COVID-19 and diabetes. The primary objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of patients newly detected to have diabetes (NDD) who recovered from COVID-19 in India whilst comparing NDD with patients without diabetes (ND) and those who have known to have diabetes (KD) in terms of glycemic status pre- and post-COVID with disease severity.

Materials & Methodology: There were 2212 participants enrolled from 15 sites, with 1630 active participants after the respective execution of selection criteria.

RSSDI Guidelines for the management of hypertension in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Hypertension and diabetes mellitus (DM) are two of the leading lifestyle diseases in the Indian and South Asian populations that often co-exist due to overlapping pathophysiological factors. Obesity, insulin resistance, inflammation, and oxidative stress are thought to be some common pathways. Up to 50% of hypertensive cases in India are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which defines the need for a comprehensive guideline for managing hypertension in diabetic patients.

Sodium-glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Primary and Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-analysis.

Background: The available evidence was systematically reviewed to evaluate the effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors (SGLT2i) on cardiovascular (CV) and renal outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) or multiple risk factors (MRF), with or without heart failure (HF), and per estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) rate at baseline.

Methods: We comprehensively searched three electronic databases to retrieve publications up to 30th November 2019, which were screened for inclusion. The data extracted for the outcomes according to baseline ASCVD, HF, and eGFR levels were meta-analyzed using fixed effects model.

REAL-world evidence of risk factors and comorbidities in YOUNG Indian adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A REAL YOUNG (diabetes) study.

Objective: To assess the clinical characteristics, risk factors, and comorbidities associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in young adult patients.

Methods: This is a retrospective, multicentric real-world study that included young adults (18-45 years) with T2DM. Primary information including demographics, medical and family history, biochemical measures (pre-and post-prandial blood glucose levels, glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA1c] and blood pressure, and lipid parameters) smoking and drinking habits were collected retrospectively from the medical records of the respective hospitals/clinics.

Insulinization in T2DM with Basal Analogues During COVID-19 Pandemic: Expert Opinion from an Indian Panel.

The ongoing global pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has placed a severe strain on the management of chronic conditions like diabetes. Optimal glycemic control is always important, but more so in the existing environment of COVID-19. In this context, timely insulinization to achieve optimal glycemic control assumes major significance.

Two Decades of Gla-100-Reflections from the Pivotal Clinical Trials.

The progressive nature of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) renders the shifting of patients from oral drugs to insulin therapy an inevitability in most patients especially in those with long duration of diabetes. At the turn of the last millennium, neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin was still the only long-acting insulin available for people with diabetes. The advent of the first truly long-acting basal insulin, i.

Suboptimal glycemic control among subjects with diabetes mellitus in India: a subset analysis of cross-sectional wave-7 (2016) data from the International Diabetes Management Practices Study (IDMPS).

Objective: To assess the real-world management practices of subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in India.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between 7 March 2016 and 15 May 2016 in India as part of the seventh wave (2016) of the International Diabetes Management Practices Study (IDMPS). Adult subjects with T1DM or T2DM visiting physicians during a 2-week recruitment period were included.

Evidence-based recommendations for insulin intensification strategies after basal insulin in type 2 diabetes.

Over the time due to progressive nature of diabetes, proactive intensification of the existing insulin therapy becomes imminent as it minimizes patients' exposure to chronic hypo/hyperglycaemia and reduces weight gain while achieving individualized glycaemic targets. This review focuses on the strength of evidence behind various options for intensification, primarily the insulins as also the GLP-1 analogues. The recommendations presented here are meant to serve as a guide for the physician managing type 2 diabetes patients requiring insulin intensification upon failing of basal insulin therapy.

Consensus dietary guidelines for healthy living and prevention of obesity, the metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and related disorders in Asian Indians.

India is undergoing rapid nutritional transition, resulting in excess consumption of calories, saturated fats, trans fatty acids, simple sugars, salt and low intake of fiber. Such dietary transition and a sedentary lifestyle have led to an increase in obesity and diet-related non-communicable diseases (type 2 diabetes mellitus [T2DM], cardiovascular disease [CVD], etc.) predominantly in urban, but also in rural areas.