The Safety of EXPAREL ® (Bupivacaine Liposome Injectable Suspension) Administered by Peripheral Nerve Block in Rabbits and Dogs.

A sustained-release DepoFoam injection formulation of bupivacaine (EXPAREL, 15 mg/mL) is currently being investigated for postsurgical analgesia via peripheral nerve block (PNB). Single-dose toxicology studies of EXPAREL (9, 18, and 30 mg/kg), bupivacaine solution (Bsol, 9 mg/kg), and saline injected around the brachial plexus nerve bundle were performed in rabbits and dogs. The endpoints included clinical pathology, pharmacokinetics, and histopathology evaluation on Day 3 and Day 15 (2/sex/group/period).

Safety Evaluation of EXPAREL (DepoFoam Bupivacaine) Administered by Repeated Subcutaneous Injection in Rabbits and Dogs: Species Comparison.

EXPAREL (bupivacaine extended-release liposome injection), DepoFoam bupivacaine, is in development for prolonged postsurgical analgesia. Repeat-dose toxicity studies were conducted in rabbits and dogs to compare the potential local and systemic toxicities of EXPAREL and bupivacaine HCl (Bsol), and the reversibility of any effects. Dogs tolerated much larger doses than rabbits.

The safety and tolerability evaluation of DepoFoam bupivacaine (bupivacaine extended-release liposome injection) administered by incision wound infiltration in rabbits and dogs.

Objective: DepoFoam bupivacaine (DB) is in development for prolonged postoperative analgesia. Studies were conducted to evaluate the potential local and systemic toxicity and any effect on wound healing after wound infiltration.

Methods: The model simulates an inguinal hernia (skin incision ∼2.

Pharmacokinetic Compatibility Study of Lidocaine with EXPAREL in Yucatan Miniature Pigs.

We explored the potential for EXPAREL to interact with lidocaine. Sixty (60) male Yucatan Swine were randomized into 20 groups (N = 3/group). EXPAREL (2 or 4 mg/kg) and/or lidocaine HCl solution 1% or 2% (with epinephrine 1 : 200,000) were injected subcutaneously along a 5 cm virtual incision line.

Disease status, costs and quality of life of patients with rheumatoid arthritis in France: the ECO-PR Study.

Objective: To investigate resource consumption and quality of life (utility) in a sample of patients covering the full spectrum of the disease, modalities of patient management and geographic areas.

Methods: Information on demographics, disease parameters, work capacity and resource consumption (in the past 1, 3 or 12 months depending on the resource) was collected in an anonymous mail survey from all members of a national patient association (ANDAR). Results are presented for the sample and by level of functional capacity, in 2005 euro.

Synthesis and theoretical study of a series of dipalladium(I) complexes containing the Pd2(mu-CO)2 core.

The complex [PBu4]2[Pd2(mu-CO)2Cl4] has been prepared in high yields by carbonylation of [PBu4]2[Pd2Cl6]. Methanol, potassium acetate, or CO readily reacted under ambient conditions to quantitatively afford a series of dipalladium(I) complexes, namely [Pd2(mu-CO)2Cl3(OCH3)]2-, [Pd2(mu-CO)2Cl3(OC(O)CH3)]2-, [Pd2(mu-CO)2Cl3(CO)]-, and [Pd2(mu-CO)2Cl2(OCH3)(CO)]-, all of which have the Pd2(mu-CO)2 core preserved. All these complexes have been characterized by infrared and NMR spectroscopies; the high nu(CO) stretching wavenumbers observed and the diamagnetic character of these complexes prompted us to perform theoretical calculations to describe the electronic structure of the Pd2(mu-CO)2 core and to gain an intimate description of the Pd-CO bonds.