Background: Although the World Professional Association for Transgender Health has provided international, multidisciplinary, evidence-based standards of care for various aspects of transgender health care, there is a lack of evidence-based guidelines for facial feminization surgery, including chondro laryngoplasty. The aim of this study was to define the recommended maximum laryngeal prominence size in adult females to propose an evidence-based laryngeal prominence size standard for chondrolaryngoplasty in male-to-female transgender individuals.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital.
Introduction: Hormone treatment induces feminization of the body in transwomen and masculinization in transmen. However, the effect of hormone treatment on facial characteristics is still unknown.
Aim: We aimed to study whether hormone treatment induces facial feminization and masculinization and how this potential change affects satisfaction and self-esteem.
Background: Auriculocondylar syndrome (ACS) is a rare craniofacial disorder consisting of micrognathia, mandibular condyle hypoplasia and a specific malformation of the ear at the junction between the lobe and helix. Missense heterozygous mutations in the phospholipase C, β 4 (PLCB4) and guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), α inhibiting activity polypeptide 3 (GNAI3) genes have recently been identified in ACS patients by exome sequencing. These genes are predicted to function within the G protein-coupled endothelin receptor pathway during craniofacial development.
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