Malunions following lower extremity fractures in veterans with a spinal cord injury/disorder.

Background: Nearly 50% of all persons with a spinal cord injury/disorder (SCI/D) will sustain an osteoporotic fracture sometime in their life, with lower extremity fractures being the most common. There are a number of complications that can occur post fracture, including fracture malunion. To date, there have been no dedicated investigations of malunions among persons with SCI/D.

Risk Factors and Consequences of Lower Extremity Fracture Nonunions in Veterans With Spinal Cord Injury.

We used Veterans Health Administration (VHA) national administrative data files to identify a cohort (fiscal years 2005-2014) of veterans with spinal cord injuries and disorders (SCID) to determine risk factors for and consequences of lower extremity fracture nonunions. Odds ratios (OR) for fracture nonunion were computed using multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models. We identified three risk factors for nonunion: (i) older age (OR = 2.

Giant cell lesion of the jaw as a presenting feature of Noonan syndrome.

This is a case of a 20-year-old woman who presented with a left jaw mass which was resected and found to be a giant cell granuloma of the mandible. Her history and physical examination were suggestive for Noonan syndrome which was confirmed with genetic testing and the finding of a gene mutation which has rarely been associated with giant cell lesions of the jaw. Given her particular genetic mutation and the presence of a giant cell lesion, we present a case of Noonan-like/multiple giant cell lesion syndrome.

Traumatic injury patterns associated with static line parachuting.

Objective: We investigated the incidence and injury patterns of acute parachuting injuries evaluated at a level II military facility during a 5-year period to compile medical information that may assist in improving the safety of parachuting.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of all parachuting injuries that presented to the Madigan Army Medical Center emergency department in Tacoma, Washington, during a 5-year period from February 2005 to June 2011.

Results: A total 110 patient charts met inclusion criteria.

Clinical review. Kidney stones 2012: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management.

Context: The pathogenetic mechanisms of kidney stone formation are complex and involve both metabolic and environmental risk factors. Over the past decade, major advances have been made in the understanding of the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of kidney stone disease.

Evidence Acquisition And Synthesis: Both original and review articles were found via PubMed search reporting on pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of kidney stones.

Exposing the thyroid to radiation: a review of its current extent, risks, and implications.

Radiation exposure of the thyroid at a young age is a recognized risk factor for the development of differentiated thyroid cancer lasting for four decades and probably for a lifetime after exposure. Medical radiation exposure, however, occurs frequently, including among the pediatric population, which is especially sensitive to the effects of radiation. In the past, the treatment of benign medical conditions with external radiation represented the most significant thyroid radiation exposures.

Assessment of bone and mineral metabolism in inflammatory bowel disease: case series and review.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of low bone mass, fractures, and vitamin D deficiency and the levels of biochemical markers of mineral metabolism in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Methods: Our retrospective study consisted of 30 patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and 18 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was performed to determine bone mineral density at the lumbar spine and hip.

Tuberous xanthomas associated with olanzapine therapy and hypertriglyceridemia in the setting of a rare apolipoprotein E mutation.

Objective: To describe a patient with tuberous xanthomas and high levels of cholesterol and triglycerides, who was found to have type III hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP) and a rare apolipoprotein E (apoE) mutation.

Methods: We present a case report with extensive clinical, laboratory, and genetic documentation.

Results: A 33-year-old African American man presented for evaluation of hypertriglyceridemia.