Active and passive organic carbon fluxes during a bloom in the Southern Ocean (South Georgia).

The Controls Over Mesopelagic Interior Carbon Storage (COMICS) cruise DY086 took place aboard the RRS Discovery in the South Atlantic during November and December, 2017. Physical, chemical, biogeochemical and biological data were collected during three visits to ocean observatory station P3, off the coast of South Georgia, during an austral spring bloom. A diverse range of equipment including CTD-rosette, Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP), net deployments, marine snow catchers (MSCs), Stand Alone Pump System (SAPS) and PELAGRA Sediment Traps were used to produce a comprehensive, high-quality dataset.

Table-top source for x-ray absorption spectroscopy with photon energies up to 350 eV.

We present a table-top setup for x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) based on high harmonic generation (HHG) in noble gases. Using sub-millijoule pump pulses at a central wavelength of 1550 nm, broadband HHG in the range of 70-350 eV was demonstrated. The HHG coherence lengths of several millimeters were achieved by reaching the nonadiabatic regime of harmonic generation.

Effectiveness of population-based recovery actions for threatened southern mountain caribou.

Habitat loss is affecting many species, including the southern mountain caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) population in western North America. Over the last half century, this threatened caribou population's range and abundance have dramatically contracted. An integrated population model was used to analyze 51 years (1973-2023) of demographic data from 40 southern mountain caribou subpopulations to assess the effectiveness of population-based recovery actions at increasing population growth.

A frameshift variant in specificity protein 1 triggers superactivation of Sp1-mediated transcription in familial bone marrow failure.

Inherited bone marrow failure (BMF) syndromes are a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by defective hematopoiesis and often predisposing to myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myelogenous leukemia. We have studied a large family consisting of several affected individuals with hematologic abnormalities, including one family member who died of acute leukemia. By whole-exome sequencing, we identified a novel frameshift variant in the ubiquitously expressed transcription factor specificity protein 1 ().

Towards high power broad-band OPCPA at 3000 nm.

High-energy femtosecond laser pulses in the mid-infrared (MIR) wavelength range are essential for a wide range of applications from strong-field physics to selectively pump and probe low energy excitations in condensed matter and molecular vibrations. Here we report a four stage optical parametric chirped pulse amplifier (OPCPA) which generates ultrashort pulses at a central wavelength of 3000 nm with 430 J energy per pulse at a bandwidth of 490 nm. Broadband emission of a Ti:sapphire oscillator seeds both the four stage OPCPA 800 nm and the pump line at 1030 nm.

Assessing cumulative impacts of forest development on the distribution of furbearers using expert-based habitat modeling.

Cumulative impacts of anthropogenic landscape change must be considered when managing and conserving wildlife habitat. Across the central-interior of British Columbia, Canada, industrial activities are altering the habitat of furbearer species. This region has witnessed unprecedented levels of anthropogenic landscape change following rapid development in a number of resource sectors, particularly forestry.

Trends in the incidence rates of tonsil and base of tongue cancer in England, 1985-2006.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate whether incidence rates of tonsil and base of tongue cancer in England are increasing using data from the UK cancer registry.

Subjects And Methods: Cancer registrations for oral cavity and oropharynx cancer from 1985-2006 in England were obtained from the National Cancer Information Service. Population estimates were obtained from the Office for National Statistics.

Failed voice restoration: closure of the tracheo-oesophageal fistula.

Tracheo-oesophageal fistula and voice prosthesis have revolutionised voice rehabilitation, but are not without their complications. The most significant problem is widening of the tracheo-oesophageal fistula relative to the voice prosthesis and subsequent leaking. Three-layer surgical closure is a means of permanently closing a problematic fistula.

Abuse by marriage: the exploitation of mentally ill older people.

Objectives: (i) To raise awareness about the vulnerability of mentally ill older persons to abuse by others seeking to gain by marriage; (ii) to outline key legal cases from common law countries; and (iii) to provide guidelines for health care professionals who encounter this issue in practice.

Method: We present two cases: the first case involved an 87-year-old widower who married his carer--50 years his junior--in a religious ceremony while hypomanic. The second case involved an 82-year-old widow with moderate dementia who married her boarder, the marriage subsequently being found void in the Family Court of Australia on the basis that her consent was not real because she was incapable of understanding the nature and effect of the marriage ceremony.

Angina masquerading as sinusitis.

Facial pain of cardiac origin is rare. There are several references in the world literature to angina referred to the teeth and the mandible. This report describes a patient with facial pain which was thought to be of sinus origin and which was relieved by coronary stenting.

Idiopathic laryngeal spasm: management and long-term outcome.

Idiopathic laryngeal spasm (ILS) is an uncommon disorder characterised by brief episodes of stridor, occurring at any time. Subsequent outpatient ENT examination is normal. These episodes cause considerable anxiety for both patient and physician.

Puncture-site metastasis in a radiologically inserted gastrostomy tube: case report and literature review.

Gastrostomy-site metastases from head and neck cancer have been reported numerous times following endoscopic insertion, with direct implantation being implicated. We present the first reported case of gastrostomy-site metastasis following radiological insertion, and discuss the mechanisms by which this may have occurred. These include: direct implantation, hematogenous dissemination, or the natural shedding of tumor cells into the gastrointestinal tract.

A simple assessment of quality of life in head and neck cancer patients; what can it tell us?

Objective: A number of well validated quality of life (QoL) instruments are available. Head and neck cancer patients often find these exhaustive questionnaires too long or bothersome. The purpose of our study was to evaluate a patient self-reported very simple assessment of quality of life and to compare it with the well-validated European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QoL questionnaire.

The use of speech therapy in the treatment of globus pharyngeus patients. A randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Globus sensation is a common condition accounting for about 4% of new referrals to an ENT clinic. A review of current theories on the cause of globus sensation concludes that no single aetiology is responsible. Wareing et al believed that globus sensation might in part be associated with excessive laryngeal and pharyngeal tension.

Living on the edge of the post-nasal space: the inhaled foreign body.

We present a previously undescribed event where an inhaled foreign body was propelled into the post-nasal space by the Heimlich manoeuvre. We present figures showing a drop in the mortality following inhaled foreign bodies since the introduction of the Heimlich manoeuvre.

Thyroglossal duct remnants.

Thyroglossal duct remnants presenting as a lump in the neck are usually called thyroglossal cysts. Meticulous dissection of the cyst and duct, along with the body of the hyoid bone (Sistrunk's operation) is necessary to avoid recurrence. The authors have reviewed the histology of 61 consecutive specimens diagnosed preoperatively as thyroglossal cysts and have found that a true cyst exists in only 46 per cent of cases.

A nasal shaver for nasal surgery.

Provision of a nasal field in nasal surgery is hampered by nasal hairs. We recommend the Remington NE4 nasal shaver as a quick, painless, safe, inexpensive method of nasal hair removal, providing a user-friendly surgical field.

Patients' and partners' perceptions of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty for snoring.

Objective: Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) has become a routine operation for snoring. Many centres have published their results. Few, if any, have questioned their patient's subjective feelings regarding the operation and more importantly, the patient's partner.

Invasive aspergillosis of the paranasal sinuses: a medical emergency.

A rare case of invasive aspergillosis of the paranasal sinuses in a previously healthy individual is presented. The disease caused severe complications and proved fatal. Classification, aetiology and presentation of sinus aspergillosis are discussed.

Post-tonsillectomy pain: the first ten days.

Forty-one adults were entered into a prospective study to investigate the pattern of pain over 10 days after elective dissection tonsillectomy. The severity of pain was scored by the patient on a visual analogue scale. The results confirm that tonsillectomy is a very painful experience and the provision of adequate analgesia is of paramount importance, especially if day-case tonsillectomy is performed.

Prophylactic antibiotics and post laryngectomy pharyngocutaneous fistulae.

Pharyngo-cutaneous fistula following laryngectomy is a serious complication. The incidence worldwide varies from 7.6 to 50 per cent.