Nitrous oxide emissions are driven by environmental conditions rather than nitrogen application methods in a perennial hayfield.

Agricultural best management practices (BMPs) intended to solve one environmental challenge may have unintended climate impacts. For example, manure injection is often promoted for its potential to reduce runoff and nitrogen (N) loss as NH , but the practice has been shown to increase N O, a powerful greenhouse gas, compared to surface application. Urease inhibitor application with N fertilizer is another BMP that can enhance N retention by reducing NH emissions, but its impact on N O emissions is mixed.

Predicting profiles of post-trauma adaptation in first responders and civilians after the 2013 Boston Marathon bombings: The role of distress, growth, and emotion regulation.

Introduction: Responses to trauma are often characterized either by the presence or absence of psychological distress; however, the process of adapting after trauma also includes potential positive change. While some studies document that the majority of individuals exposed to single event terrorism report low levels of psychological distress, more research is needed to understand different adaptation profiles following this type of trauma, and the factors that might predict responses.

Methods: We examined post-trauma responses in 257 first responders/medical professionals (66.

How does social support relate to emotional availability for learning during COVID-19? A multi-group structural equation model of university students from the U.S. and Israel.

Given the social and emotional tolls of the COVID-19 pandemic on college and university students, many students have become academically disengaged during the pandemic. Although some colleges and universities have the capacity to promote social support for their students, research has yet to comprehensively demonstrate the relationship between social support and academic engagement. To fill this gap, we leverage survey results from four universities across the United States and Israel.

Agroecology Can Promote Climate Change Adaptation Outcomes Without Compromising Yield In Smallholder Systems.

A critical question is whether agroecology can promote climate change mitigation and adaptation outcomes without compromising food security. We assessed the outcomes of smallholder agricultural systems and practices in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) against 35 mitigation, adaptation, and yield indicators by reviewing 50 articles with 77 cases of agroecological treatments relative to a baseline of conventional practices. Crop yields were higher for 63% of cases reporting yields.

Mental health and resilience during the coronavirus pandemic: A machine learning approach.

Objective: This study explored risk and resilience factors of mental health functioning during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods: A sample of 467 adults (M age = 33.14, 63.

Predictors of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Anxiety, and Depression Symptoms in Survivors of Torture Living in the United States.

A constellation of psychosocial factors contributes to the complex trauma symptoms that survivors of torture may experience. We examined the roles of pretrauma, peritrauma, and postmigration factors as predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety in a sample of 101 culturally heterogeneous torture survivors residing in the United States. Predictors included demographic variables (sex, education, marital status), peritrauma torture type variables generated by principal components analysis (PCA), and postmigration variables (employment status, legal immigration status, and family separation).

Long-term impact of maternal posttraumatic symptoms on children's regulatory functioning: A four-year follow-up study.

Background: The interrelation between exposure to trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and regulatory functioning in children is gaining increasing attention. This study examines the effects of maternal posttraumatic symptoms (PTS) on child deficits in sensory regulation, behavior regulation, and executive functioning.

Method: The sample at the first measurement (2011, T1) included 382 Israeli mothers and their young children (child's mean age = 3.

A longitudinal study of event related potentials and correlations with psychosocial functioning and clinical features in first episode psychosis patients.

Background: Deficits in auditory event-related potentials (ERPs), brain responses to stimuli indexing different cognitive processes, have been demonstrated widely in chronic schizophrenia (SZ) patients though much less is known about these responses across the early course of psychosis. The present study examined multiple ERP components in first episode psychosis (FEP) patients longitudinally and investigated the relationships between ERPs, psychosocial functioning, and clinical features over time.

Methods: N1, P2, P3a, and P3b ERPs were elicited using a three-stimulus (novelty) auditory oddball paradigm.

Stability and Change in Posttraumatic Distress: A 7-Year Follow-Up Study of Mothers and Young Children Exposed to Cumulative Trauma.

In situations of cumulative trauma, it is often unclear why some people remain resilient, whereas others experience distress, and how likely these responses are to change over time. To investigate the constancy of responses to cumulative trauma, stability and change in posttraumatic distress and resistance (as defined by no evidence of clinical symptoms) were assessed twice in 140 Israeli children and mothers exposed to continual rocket attacks over approximately 7 years, when the children were 2-4 (Time 1) and 9-11 years of age (Time 2). Measures included trauma exposure, posttraumatic and depressive symptoms, and child behavioral problems.

Effects of resistance training duration on muscular strength retention 6-month posttraining in older men and women.

Background And Purpose: Older individuals are at a greater risk for falling, and this risk has been linked to age-related declines in strength and balance. It has been demonstrated that older individuals can increase strength and function from properly designed, supervised training programs; however, little is known about the regressive effects of a detraining period in this participant population once the training intervention has ended. This study examined changes in strength 6 months after training following a 40- or 80-week supervised progressive resistance training program.