Publications by authors named "Brichler S"
Article Synopsis
- * It includes data from 413 patients (142 HBV-HDV and 271 HBV monoinfected) and finds that those with HBV-HDV are generally younger and experience a significantly higher incidence of HCC over 5 years compared to HBV-only patients.
- * The results indicate that HDV is an independent risk factor for the development of HCC in patients with cirrhosis, highlighting its important role regardless of HBV
Background: Neutralizing antibodies targeting the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein reduce COVID-19-related risk of hospitalization, particularly in high-risk individuals. The COCOPREV-R study aimed to evaluate and compare clinical outcomes in high-risk SARS-CoV-2 patients treated with dual monoclonal antibody therapies and to identify associated virological factors.
Methods: The COCOPREV-R study retrospectively collected real-world data from high-risk patients receiving Bamlanivimab/Etesevimab or Casirivimab/Imdevimab dual monoclonal antibody therapies (22 February 2021 to 15 June 2021).
Article Synopsis
- A study conducted in France during the 2023-24 RSV season analyzed the effectiveness of nirsevimab, a monoclonal antibody, in preventing RSV infections in infants, focusing on breakthrough cases.
- Out of 695 RSV-infected infants, researchers sequenced the full-length RSV genome of 545 infants, identifying that 48% had breakthrough infections despite receiving nirsevimab.
- While no resistance was found in RSV-A infections from nirsevimab-treated infants, two cases of RSV-B showed substitutions linked to resistance, indicating a potential concern for the antibody's effectiveness against this variant.
Article Synopsis
- * Out of 230 patients evaluated, TE showed strong diagnostic accuracy for detecting cirrhosis and advanced fibrosis, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curves of 0.88 and 0.86, outperforming other non-invasive tests.
- * The findings suggest that LSM values above 10 kPa indicate a high probability of advanced fibrosis, while values below 6 kPa almost completely rule out significant fibrosis, necessitating further discussion for values between 6 and 10 kPa.
Article Synopsis
- Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) relies on hepatitis B virus (HBV) for its replication and is understudied in Nigeria, a country with high HBV infection rates.
- A study analyzed 1281 samples from HBsAg-positive patients across Nigeria, uncovering that 4.8% were HDV-Ab positive and 19.7% of those tested positive for HDV-RNA.
- The research identified that the prevalent HDV strains are mainly "African" genotype-1, indicating that Nigeria has a low overall prevalence of HDV infection.
Background And Aims: Chronic hepatitis D infection is the most severe form of viral hepatitis and can rapidly progress to cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite recommendations for systematic screening of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive individuals, data from real-world studies have reported a low frequency of hepatitis D (or delta) virus (HDV) screening. Our cross-sectional analysis evaluated the diagnostic cascade for hepatitis D infection in tertiary centres and described the characteristics of HDV-positive patients.
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- Bulevirtide is a new antiviral therapy specifically designed to treat chronic hepatitis D, and researchers aimed to understand its effectiveness alone and in combination with pegylated-interferon (Peg-IFN).
- Mathematical modeling of data from 183 patients showed that bulevirtide effectively blocks cell infection by 90.3%, while Peg-IFN blocks viral production at 92.4%, leading to enhanced outcomes when combined.
- Results indicated that combining bulevirtide with Peg-IFN resulted in a higher rate of viral decline and a better chance of achieving a cure, suggesting the need for further randomized clinical trials to assess treatment effectiveness.
Objectives: Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 infection is endemic in the French Antilles, French Guiana, and sub-Saharan Africa, the origin of many immigrants currently living in France. There are no national screening recommendations outside of the regulatory obligations concerning donations of blood, tissue, gametes, or milk to a lactarium. This study aimed to investigate the screening and diagnostic practices for this infection in France.
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- This study investigates COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) among critically ill patients during the Omicron variant wave, finding it affects 5.1% of patients and 9.1% of those on invasive mechanical ventilation.
- CAPA patients showed higher rates of immunosuppression and required more intensive care measures, like vasopressors and renal therapy, compared to non-CAPA patients.
- While CAPA did not significantly impact day-28 mortality, it was linked to longer mechanical ventilation and ICU stays, suggesting a shift in outcomes with emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Introduction: To investigate the association between social deprivation and COVID-19 among hospitalized patients in an underprivileged department of the greater Paris area.
Methods: Individuals hospitalized for COVID-19 between March 1st and October 31, 2020, were included, matched on age and sex, and compared with patients hospitalized for any other reason with negative RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2, through a case-control study. Clinical, socio-demographic characteristics, health literacy, and social deprivation, assessed by the EPICES score, were collected.
A cluster of three confirmed autochthonous dengue cases was detected in October 2023 in the Val-de-Marne department neighbouring Paris, France. This marks the northernmost transmission of dengue in Europe reported to date. The epidemiological and microbiological investigations and the vector control measures are described.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe describe clinical and laboratory findings of 3 autochthonous cases of dengue in the Paris Region, France, during September-October 2023. Increasing trends in cases, global warming, and growth of international travel mean that such infections likely will increase during warm seasons in France, requiring stronger arbovirus surveillance networks.
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- A study was conducted on 158 adult patients with acute respiratory failure due to SARS-CoV-2, focusing on the impact of various Omicron sublineages, including BA.2, BA.4/BA.5, and BQ.1.1.
- Patients infected with the recent BQ.1.1 variant displayed a higher rate of obesity and a lower rate of immunosuppression compared to those with earlier sublineages.
- Despite these differences in patient characteristics, there was no significant variation in disease severity at ICU admission, organ support needs, or 28-day mortality across the different sublineage groups.
Background: Panzi General Reference Hospital (HGR Panzi) in the Democratic Republic of Congo follows a large number of patients living with HIV-1 (PLWHIV). Although antiretrovirals (ARVs) are available, HIV-1 viral load (HIV-VL) measurement has only been implemented in the hospital since 2018. No data on ARV resistance levels and ARV dosage in plasma have yet been published for this region.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAccording to evidence-based guidelines, vaccines against measles and varicella are generally recommended to susceptible HIV-positive patients, as long as they are not severely immunocompromised. However, routine screening to determine serologic status is not recommended. We conducted a seroprevalence study of anti-measles and anti-Varicella-Zoster virus (VZV) antibodies in adults living with HIV (PLWHA) consulting at Avicenne University Hospital in a Parisian suburb.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground & Aims: Among people living with HBV, only a subset of individuals with chronic hepatitis is in need of treatment, and this proportion varies according to the population, region, and setting. No estimates of the proportion of people who are infected with HBV and meet the treatment eligibility criteria in France are available.
Methods: 552 treatment-naïve individuals with chronic HBV infection referred for the first time to a hepatology reference centre between 2008 and 2012 were prospectively included.
Article Synopsis
- * A study of 259 patients revealed distinct clinical profiles between those infected with Omicron and those with Delta, but no significant impact of variant sublineages on 28-day mortality rates.
- * Immunocompromised patients infected with Omicron experienced higher mortality rates compared to non-immunocompromised individuals, despite many having received at least two vaccine doses and showing poor immune responses.
Article Synopsis
- The study focused on the SARS-CoV-2 variant α, which became a concern in 2021, examining its genetic diversity and connection to severe COVID-19 outcomes.
- Conducted in 11 ICUs in Greater Paris, it analyzed 413 patients and found that variant α was prevalent but did not lead to higher mortality compared to pre-existing variants or other variants.
- Despite differences in age and underlying health conditions among patients with different variants, the research concluded that there was no significant link between specific viral mutations and day-28 mortality rates.
Background: Infants with COVID-19 can often present with fever without source, which is a challenging situation in infants <90 days old. The "step-by-step" algorithm has been proposed to identify children at high risk of bacterial infection. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, we aimed to reassess the diagnostic performance of this algorithm.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Data on the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) remain conflicting. Airborne transmission is still debated. However, hospital risk control requires better understanding of the different modes of transmission.
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