Climate vulnerability assessment of key fishery resources in the Northern Humboldt Current System.

The Northern Humboldt Current System sustains one of the most productive fisheries in the world. However, climate change is anticipated to negatively affect fish production in this region over the next few decades, and detailed analyses for many fishery resources are unavailable. We implemented a trait-based Climate Vulnerability Assessment based on expert elicitation to estimate the relative vulnerability of 28 fishery resources (benthic, demersal, and pelagic) to the impacts of climate change by 2055; ten exposure factors (e.

Simplified risk-prediction for benchmarking and quality improvement in emergency general surgery. Prospective, multicenter, observational cohort study.

Background And Aims: Emergency General Surgery (EGS) conditions account for millions of deaths worldwide, yet it is practiced without benchmarking-based quality improvement programs. The aim of this observational, prospective, multicenter, nationwide study was to determine the best benchmark cutoff points in EGS, as a reference to guide improvement measures.

Methods: Over a 6-month period, 38 centers (5% of all public hospitals) attending EGS patients on a 24-h, 7-days a week basis, enrolled consecutive patients requiring an emergent/urgent surgical procedure.

Temperature alters the physiological response of spiny lobsters under predation risk.

Predation risk can strongly shape prey ecological traits, with specific anti-predator responses displayed to reduce encounters with predators. Key environmental drivers, such as temperature, can profoundly modulate prey energetic costs in ectotherms, although we currently lack knowledge of how both temperature and predation risk can challenge prey physiology and ecology. Such uncertainties in predator-prey interactions are particularly relevant for marine regions experiencing rapid environmental changes due to climate change.

Aged blood factors decrease cellular responses associated with delayed gingival wound repair.

Aging is a gradual biological process characterized by a decrease in cell and organism functions. Gingival wound healing is one of the impaired processes found in old rats. Here, we studied the in vivo wound healing process using a gingival repair rat model and an in vitro model using human gingival fibroblast for cellular responses associated to wound healing.

Peritonectomy procedures and HIPEC in the treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis from ovarian cancer: Long-term outcomes and perspectives from a high-volume center.

Background: Cytoreductive surgery with peritonectomy procedures and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS + HIPEC) represents a radical therapeutic approach to achieve complete cytoreduction in ovarian peritoneal carcinomatosis. The aim of the present study was to analyze the outcomes obtained by the application of these procedures in a single center with extensive experience treating peritoneal carcinomatosis.

Patients And Methods: A series of 218 consecutive patients diagnosed with peritoneal carcinomatosis from primary or recurrent ovarian cancer (FIGO stage IIIC-IV) and treated with CRS + HIPEC between January 1996 and June 2012 were included in this observational study.

Predation Risk within Fishing Gear and Implications for South Australian Rock Lobster Fisheries.

Depredation of southern rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii) within fishing gear by the Maori octopus (Pinnoctopus cordiformis) has economic and ecological impacts on valuable fisheries in South Australia. In addition, depredation rates can be highly variable resulting in uncertainties for the fishery. We examined how in-pot lobster predation was influenced by factors such as lobster size and sex, season, fishing zone, and catch rate.

Human mesenchymal stromal cell lysates as a novel strategy to recover liver function.

Aim: It is unknown if the beneficial effects of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) transplantation into the liver are dependent on their anchorage and differentiation into hepatocytes or rather the result of the release of stem cell intracellular content with hepatoprotector properties.

Materials & Methods: The effects of intact MSC transplantation were compared with the infusion of MSC lysates in an experimental rat model of acute liver failure.

Results: A more powerful hepatoprotective and antiapoptotic effect was obtained after infusion of MSC lysates than intact MSC.

Cardiotrophin-1 decreases liver apoptosis through calpastatin induction.

Background: Cardiotrophin-1 (CT1) has been used to prevent cell death in different models of liver injury in rats. D-galactosamine induces cell death in culture rat and human hepatocytes. The present study evaluated the cytoprotective effects of CT1 in an experimental model of apoptosis induced by D-galactosamine in hepatocytes.

The effect of antidrug antibodies on the sustainable efficacy of biologic therapies in rheumatoid arthritis: practical consequences.

Biologic therapies, predominantly TNF-α inhibitors, have revolutionized the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, their clinical utility can be limited by the development of antidrug antibodies (ADAs). Immunogenicity is a complex phenomenon related to various drug, disease, and patient characteristics, and may be more common with the monoclonal antibodies than with etanercept, a soluble TNF receptor-Fc immunoglobulin fusion protein.

Transitions during cephalopod life history: the role of habitat, environment, functional morphology and behaviour.

Cephalopod life cycles generally share a set of stages that take place in different habitats and are adapted to specific, though variable, environmental conditions. Throughout the lifespan, individuals undertake a series of brief transitions from one stage to the next. Four transitions were identified: fertilisation of eggs to their release from the female (1), from eggs to paralarvae (2), from paralarvae to subadults (3) and from subadults to adults (4).

Evaluation of temporomandibular joint total replacement with alloplastic prosthesis: observational study of 27 patients.

Background Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) total replacement with alloplastic prostheses has been performed since 1960s. Research in these last two decades has achieved important improvement in the development of biomaterials, design, adaptation, and fixation of the prosthesis components. Objective To evaluate total TMJ replacement with alloplastic prostheses.

Charts for fetal age assessment based on fetal sonographic biometry in a population from Cali, Colombia.

Objectives: To create reference charts for fetal age assessment based on fetal sonographic biometry in a population of pregnant women living in the third largest city in Colombia and compare them with charts included in ultrasound machines.

Methods: The study data were obtained from women with a single pregnancy and confirmed gestational age between 12 and 40 completed weeks. All women were recruited specifically for the study, and every fetus was measured only once for biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference, and femur length.

Fetal size charts for a population from Cali, Colombia: sonographic measurements of biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference, and femur length.

Objectives: To create reference charts for fetal sonographic biometric measurements in a population of pregnant women living in the third largest city in Colombia and compare them with charts included in ultrasound machines.

Methods: The data were obtained from women with a single pregnancy and confirmed gestational (menstrual) age between 12 and 40 weeks. All women were recruited specifically for the study, and every fetus was measured only once for biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference, and femur length.

Differential bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells mobilization in hepatectomized patients.

Background: The involvement of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells (BMHSC) mobilization during liver regeneration from hepatectomized patients is under debate. The main aim of this study was to investigate the role of BMHSC mobilization after hepatic resection in 33 patients with liver disease.

Methods And Results: Mobilization of CD34(+) BMHSC after 72 h of surgery was found in peripheral blood of some, but not all, of the hepatectomized patients.

Forced swimming test decreases chemotactic responsiveness and expression of CD11a in rat monocytes.

Objectives: Previous reports have shown that the depressive status in humans and experimental animals is associated with decreased immune response. Since monocyte chemotaxis and expression of CD11a are pivotal mechanisms in immune response, impairment of these events could explain the diminished immune response in depression.

Methods: To test this, rats were submitted to the forced swimming test (FST) for 3 and 15 days.

Endoscopic release of limb constriction rings in utero.

Amniotic band syndrome is a sporadic condition that may result in constriction bands, amputation and multiple craniofacial, visceral and body wall defects. It occurs in 1/1,200 to 1/15,000 live births. Most cases present with multiple congenital anomalies that are incompatible with life.

Macrophage Fcgamma receptors expression is altered by treatment with dopaminergic drugs.

Macrophage Fcgamma receptors have an important role in host defense and the pathophysiology of immune mediated disorders. Alteration of splenic macrophage Fcgamma receptors expression predisposes to severe infection. Inhibition or blockade of splenic macrophage Fcgamma receptors is one of the mechanisms by which immune cytopenias improve.

Treatment with progesterone analogues decreases macrophage Fcgamma receptors expression.

Macrophage Fcgamma receptors (FcgammaRs) are critical for host defense against infection and have an important role in immune cytopenias. Modulation of macrophage FcgammaRs expression is a potential therapeutic approach to immune disorders. Glucocorticoids and synthetic progesterone analogues decrease macrophage FcgammaRs expression.