G-tube placement in patients with robin sequence undergoing mandibular distraction osteogenesis: A multi-institutional review.

The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) and rates of postoperative gastrostomy tube (G-tube) placement among patients with isolated and syndromic Robin sequence (RS). This study was a multi-institutional retrospective chart review of patients with RS who underwent MDO at one of three different pediatric tertiary medical centers. The primary aim of the study was to compare rates of G-tube placement following MDO among the three institutions.

Children's Visual Perception of Facial Scarring and Cleft Lip Deformity Using Eye Tracking Data.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine children's perception of secondary cleft lip deformity (SCLD) using objective eye tracking technology and subjective responses on a survey to understand pediatric perceptions of facial scarring.

Design: Cross-sectional study of participants aged 5-17 years old.

Methods: Participants viewed images of children's faces with an eye tracking device.

Risk factors and outcomes in patients with cochlear nerve deficiency.

Introduction: Cochlear nerve deficiency (CND) is a cause of sensorineural hearing loss made by radiologic criteria. There is sparse literature involving audiological outcomes and cochlear implantation (CI) success in patients with CND.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of all patients with sensorineural hearing loss at a tertiary children's hospital from 2000 to 2020 was conducted.

Update on congenital ear molding.

Purpose Of Review: Congenital ear deformities are characterized by distorted, but still present, landmarks of the auricle. Interventions include early treatment with ear molding or delayed surgical treatment. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the latest information related to ear molding for congenital ear deformities.

Head and neck venous thrombosis secondary to pediatric otolaryngologic infection.

Objectives: Head and neck venous thrombosis is a rare but potentially devastating complication of childhood otolaryngologic infections. This study examines the presentation and management of this condition.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on all pediatric patients with otolaryngologic infections complicated by cranial and cervical venous thrombosis at a tertiary children's hospital from 2007 to 2018.

Pediatric Otolaryngology fellowship virtual interview sentiments.

Background: Interviews for Pediatric Otolaryngology fellowship rapidly transitioned to virtual interviews mid-cycle in March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: This study aims to describe perspectives on virtual versus in-person interviews for both applicants and program directors.

Methods: Cross-sectional study.

The Incidence of Velopharyngeal Insufficiency in Stickler Syndrome.

Objective: Stickler Syndrome (SS) is an inherited collagenopathy characterized by heterogenous orofacial, ocular, auditory, and skeletal abnormalities. The orofacial manifestations are variable and some patients present with cleft palate and velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI). The incidence of VPI in SS is poorly studied and no studies have compared the incidence of VPI between Type I (COL2A1) and Type II (COL11A1) SS.

Unplanned Intensive Care Unit Admission Following Cleft Palate Repair by Head and Neck Surgeons.

Objective: To examine the incidence of pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission following primary repair of cleft palate by otolaryngologist-head and neck surgeons at 2 tertiary centers. To identify potential diagnoses associated with admission or unanticipated PICU transfer.

Study Design: Multi-institutional case series with chart review.

Formula Otorrhea in Pediatric Patients With Cleft Palate.

The case series details 2 unusual cases of male newborns with cleft lip and palate (CLP) that later developed formula otorrhea. Both patients underwent bilateral myringotomies with the insertion of pressure equalizing (PE) tubes for chronic otitis media with effusion (OME). Chronic otorrhea associated with feeding occurred post-PE tube insertion and the otorrhea was later confirmed to be due to reflux of formula.

Prenatal Consultation Outcomes for Infants With Cleft Lip With and Without Cleft Palate.

To assess the clinical impacts of prenatal consultation with a multidisciplinary cleft team on infants with cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL ± P). Retrospective cases series. Tertiary pediatric hospital.

Demographic Risk Factors for Malnutrition in Patients With Cleft Lip and Palate.

Objectives/hypothesis: Patients with cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) are at increased risk of malnutrition. Acute and chronic malnutrition have been associated with elevated risk of postsurgical wound complications, adding morbidity and cost to patients and their families. To study the association between demographic factors, including insurance type, race, and median neighborhood income (MNI), and malnutrition in patients with CLP.

The Safety and Efficacy of Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis Among Infants Less Than 3 kg.

Objectives/hypothesis: Mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) is a safe and effective surgery to address respiratory and feeding issues due to micrognathia in patients with Robin Sequence (RS). Previous studies examining postoperative complications in neonates receiving MDO have considered 4 kg as the cut-off for low weight; however, an increasing number of MDO interventions are performed in infants <4 kg. To determine if a weight <3 kg at time of MDO is a risk factor for postoperative complications or need for subsequent tracheostomy or gastrostomy tube (G-tube).

Hearing Outcomes in Stickler Syndrome: Variation Due to and .

Objectives: Stickler syndrome (SS) is a heterogeneous inherited connective tissue disorder, often due to a mutation in or . Mutations in these genes cause collagen abnormalities affecting ocular, auditory, orofacial, and skeletal systems, including hearing loss, micrognathia, and cleft palate. Understanding the variability of hearing phenotypes based on genetic mutation has a significant impact on treatment and long-term care.

Incidence of mandibular distraction osteogenesis in Stickler Syndrome: Variation due to COL2A1 and COL11A1.

Objective: To determine whether the two most common genetic mutations seen in Stickler Syndrome (SS) (COL2A1 and COL11A1) affect the incidence of mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) and what impact Robin sequence (RS) has on diagnosis. SS is an autosomal dominant connective tissue disorder characterized by almost complete penetrance. COL2A1 and COL11A1 are the two most common mutations seen in SS patients.

Detection of Chronic Hypoventilation Among Infants With Robin Sequence Using Capillary Blood Gas Sampling.

Objectives/hypothesis: To describe the use of capillary blood gas (CBG) sampling to detect and quantify hypoventilation in infants with Robin sequence (RS).

Methods: Case series with chart review at two institutions. Infants with RS presenting over a 10-year period were identified using departmental databases.

Percutaneous Enteral Feeding in Patients With 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome.

Objective: To describe the incidence of percutaneous enteral feeding in patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2 DS) and determine factors associated with the need for percutaneous enteral feeding tube placement.

Multimodal Imaging Characteristics and Diagnostic Approach to Ancient Schwannoma in a Pediatric Patient.

Ancient schwannoma is an extremely rare benign, peripheral nerve sheath tumor. Despite its benign nature, its characteristic heterogeneous appearance and degenerative changes commonly lead to misdiagnosis of malignancy. Although schwannomas are extremely uncommon in the pediatric population, these neoplasms have been associated with underlying conditions such as neurofibromatosis type two, and appropriate recognition is important to ensure close monitoring of potential future symptoms secondary to other tumors.

Malnutrition as a Risk Factor in Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery.

Objectives/hypothesis: To assess the prevalence of acute and chronic malnutrition at the time of surgery in patients with cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) at our institution, and to quantify nutrition as a risk factor for postsurgical complications following CLP surgery.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: Retrospective review of 855 children undergoing initial cleft lip or palate surgery, or revision surgery after fistula/dehiscence of initial cleft repair.

Cleft Palate Repair by Otolaryngologist-Head and Neck Surgeons: Risk Factors for Postoperative Fistula.

Objectives/hypothesis: To assess the incidence of palatal fistula after primary repair of the cleft palate among two cohorts of Otolaryngologist-Head and Neck Surgeons and to identify patient and surgeon characteristics that may predict fistula development.

Study Design: Retrospective case series with chart review.

Methods: Children who underwent primary repair of cleft palate at one of two multidisciplinary cleft centers over a 10 year period were identified.

The use of videos in preparation for pediatric otolaryngology cases-a national survey.

Objective: 1) Review surgical preparation methods for pediatric otolaryngology fellows and fellowship directors, focusing on surgical video usage.

Study Design: Cross sectional survey.

Methods: Structured survey querying preparation methods for surgical cases was distributed to current pediatric otolaryngology fellows and fellowship program directors (FD's).

Comparing autologous versus allogenic rib grafting in pediatric cleft rhinoplasty.

Background: Patients with cleft lip with or without cleft palate suffer from varying degrees of nasal deformity, often requiring nasal reconstruction to provide improved form and function. Rib cartilage is an excellent source of grafting material for nasal reconstruction and is available either as an autologous or allogenic graft. There is a paucity of literature comparing outcomes of autologous and allogenic rib grafts in pediatric cleft rhinoplasty.