Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis in Non-Caucasian Women.

Objective: To characterize presentation, disease course, and treatment of idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS) in non-Caucasian women and compare this cohort to the predominantly female, Caucasian patient cohorts identified in the literature.

Study Design: Retrospective review. Results are compared to systematic review of demographics.

Impact of Obesity on Timing of Tracheotomy: A Multi-institutional Retrospective Study.

Objective: To examine the impact of increased body mass index (BMI) on (1) tracheotomy timing and (2) short-term surgical complications requiring a return to the operating room and 30-day mortality utilizing data from the Multi-Institutional Study on Tracheotomy (MIST).

Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients from the MIST database who underwent surgical or percutaneous tracheotomy between 2013 and 2016 at eight institutions was completed. Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression analyses were used to assess the impact of obesity on tracheotomy timing and complications.

Comparative Treatment Outcomes for Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis: 5-Year Update.

The North American Airway Collaborative (NoAAC) previously published a 3-year multi-institutional prospective cohort study showing variation in treatment effectiveness between 3 primary surgical techniques for idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS). In this report, we update these findings to include 5 years of data evaluating treatment effectiveness. Patients in the NoAAC cohort were re-enrolled for 2 additional years and followed using the prespecified published protocol.

The Diagnosis and Time of Onset of Voice Disorders in Patients with Chronic Cough.

Objectives: Chronic cough is a complaint of up to 46% of patients referred to specialist clinics. Patients with cough often report hoarseness at the time of the cough diagnosis. When the cough fails to resolve with standard medications, referrals to other specialists including otolaryngologists are made.

Voice and Airway Outcomes of Montgomery T-tube Placement in Laryngotracheal Stenosis.

Objectives: To describe voice and airway outcomes and complications experienced by patients with laryngotracheal stenosis following Montgomery T-tube placement.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of all patients with laryngotracheal stenosis and Montgomery T-tube placement treated at a tertiary referral center from 2012 to 2021.

Results: Eighteen patients met criteria with laryngotracheal stenosis, seven including the level of the glottis and 11 without glottal involvement.

Expiratory Muscle Strength Treatment for Refractory Chronic Cough: A Short-term Single Exercise Program.

Objectives: Patients with chronic cough are some of the most challenging to treat. This preliminary study is the first to examine the effects of a single exercise muscle strength training program to reduce cough severity in patients who failed other treatments.

Methods: A total of 19 females were included in this study, ranging from age 24 to 80.

Clinicodemographic Predictors of Tracheotomy Tube Size and Decannulation: A Multiinstitutional Retrospective Cohort Study on Tracheotomy.

Objective: We aimed to discern clinico-demographic predictors of large (≥8) tracheostomy tube size placement, and, secondarily, to assess the effect of large tracheostomy tube size and other parameters on odds of decannulation before hospital discharge.

Summary Of Background Data: Factors determining choice of tracheostomy tube size are not well-characterized in the current literature, despite evidence linking large tracheostomy tube size with posttracheotomy tracheal stenosis. The effect of tracheostomy tube size on timing of decannulation is also unknown, an important consideration given reported associations between endotracheal tube size and probability of failed extubation.

Recent Laryngology Fellowship Graduates: Where Are They Now?

Objectives: Over the past 30 years laryngology fellowships have grown in number and diversity. This study investigated the career trajectories of recent laryngology fellowship graduates with the purpose of informing residents considering fellowship.

Study Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Dysphagia Severity and Outcomes Following Iatrogenic High Vagal Nerve Injury.

Objective: To examine severity of dysphagia and outcomes following iatrogenic high vagal nerve injury.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of all patients with iatrogenic high vagal nerve injury that were seen at a tertiary referral center from 2012 to 2020.

Results: Of 1304 patients who met criteria for initial screening, 18 met all inclusion criteria.

Association of Social Determinants of Health with Time to Diagnosis and Treatment Outcomes in Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis.

Objectives: To examine whether social determinants of health (SDH) factors are associated with time to diagnosis, treatment selection, and time to recurrent surgical intervention in idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS) patients.

Methods: Adult patients with diagnosed iSGS were recruited prospectively (2015-2017) via clinical providers as part of the North American Airway Collaborative (NoAAC) and via an online iSGS support community on Facebook. Patient-specific SDH factors included highest educational attainment (self-reported), median household income (matched from home zip code via U.

Comparative Treatment Outcomes for Patients With Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis.

Importance: Surgical treatment comparisons in rare diseases are difficult secondary to the geographic distribution of patients. Fortunately, emerging technologies offer promise to reduce these barriers for research.

Objective: To prospectively compare the outcomes of the 3 most common surgical approaches for idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS), a rare airway disease.

Laryngeal Solitary Fibrous Tumor: A Case Report and Systematic Review.

Objectives/hypothesis: Solitary fibrous tumors are spindle cell neoplasms of mesenchymal origin that rarely occur in the larynx and may be mistaken for other pathologies. This case presentation and systematic review investigates presentation, treatment modalities, and outcomes of this unusual tumor.

Study Design: Systematic review of PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and EMBASE including a novel case presentation METHODS: A systematic search according to the PRISMA guidelines was performed to isolate the reports of solitary fibrous tumors arising in the larynx and its subsites.

Assessment and Treatment of Pain during In-Office Otolaryngology Procedures: A Systematic Review.

Objective: To qualitatively assess practices of periprocedural pain assessment and control and to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions for pain during in-office procedures reported in the otolaryngology literature through a systematic review.

Data Sources: PubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science searches from inception to 2018.

Review Methods: English-language studies reporting qualitative or quantitative data for periprocedural pain assessment in adult patients undergoing in-office otolaryngology procedures were included.

A Randomized Single-Blinded Trial of Ibuprofen- versus Opioid-Based Primary Analgesic Therapy in Outpatient Otolaryngology Surgery.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of pain control and opioid consumption between patients who receive opioid as primary analgesic therapy and those who receive ibuprofen.

Study Design: Prospective randomized trial.

Setting: Tertiary care academic hospital.

Assessment of Clinical and Social Characteristics That Distinguish Presbylaryngis From Pathologic Presbyphonia in Elderly Individuals.

Importance: An aging population experiences an increase in age-related problems, such as presbyphonia. The causes of pathologic presbyphonia are incompletely understood.

Objective: To determine what distinguishes pathologic presbyphonia from presbylaryngis.

Helmet Clasp Cracks Larynx? A Case Series and Literature Review.

Introduction: Helmet use is well known to greatly reduce the risk of head injury in both bicycle and motorcycle riding. However, helmet buckle position may increase the risk of injury to the neck cartilages. We present a series of cases in which thyroid cartilage fracture is presumed to arise from the position of the helmet buckle during a crash.

Perception and duration of pain after office-based vocal fold injection augmentation.

Objectives/hypothesis: In-office laryngology procedures are important in the treatment of voice and swallowing disorders. Patient tolerance determines which procedures can be performed without sedation or formal anesthesia. This study examines pain perception during and after in-office vocal fold injection augmentation.

Esophagram findings in cervical esophageal stenosis: A case-controlled quantitative analysis.

Objective: Cervical esophageal stenosis is often diagnosed with a qualitative evaluation of a barium esophagram. Although the esophagram is frequently the initial screening exam for dysphagia, a clear objective standard for stenosis has not been defined. In this study, we measured esophagram diameters in order to establish a quantitative standard for defining cervical esophageal stenosis that requires surgical intervention.

Treating laryngopharyngeal reflux: Evaluation of an anti-reflux program with comparison to medications.

Objective: To determine if an anti-reflux induction program relieves laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) symptoms more effectively than medication and behavioral changes alone.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: Tertiary care academic center.

Vocal Fold Paralysis as a Delayed Consequence of Neck and Chest Radiotherapy.

Objective: To describe a series of cases of vocal fold paralysis years after radiation therapy, including presentation, clinical course, and treatment.

Study Design: Case series with chart review.

Setting: Tertiary care center.

Injection Augmentation for Chronic Cough.

Objectives/hypothesis: Chronic cough (CC) is a pervasive and expensive health problem in the United States. Almost as diverse as its etiologies are the available therapeutic options. When vocal fold paresis and CC coincide, injection augmentation may provide an alternative to standard medical and behavioral treatments for CC.

Effects of mitochondrial mutations on hearing and cochlear pathology with age.

Age-related hearing loss is a multi-factorial process involving genetic and environmental factors, including exposure to noise and ototoxic agents, as well as pathological processes. Among these is the accumulation of mitochondrial DNA mutations and deletions. The creation of a transgenic mouse with a loss-of-function deletion of the nuclear gene that encodes the polymerase required to repair damaged mitochondrial DNA (PolgA) enabled evaluation of age-related cochlear pathology associated with random mitochondrial DNA deletions that accrue over the lifespan of the mouse.

Relative hypotension and image guidance: tools for training in sinus surgery.

Objectives: To quantify the safety and efficiency of Postgraduate-Year II head-and-neck-surgery residents who perform endoscopic sinus surgery, to observe any changes that accompanied accrued experience, and to measure and correlate blood loss and temporal efficiency with anesthesia-induced relative hypotension.

Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: University of California, San Diego, Medical Center.