Bronchopulmonary dysplasia and diuretic use in an outpatient setting.

Introduction: During Neonatal Intensive Care Unit hospitalization, children born preterm with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) are frequently prescribed diuretics for chronic respiratory symptoms. However, less is known about diuretic use and weaning in an outpatient setting. The study sought to characterize clinical features associated with outpatient diuretic use and timing of diuretic weaning in children with BPD.

Outpatient inhaled corticosteroid use in bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Rationale: In the outpatient setting, inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are frequently given to children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) for treatment of respiratory and asthma-associated symptoms. In this study we sought to determine if correlations existed between ICS use and ICS initiation and patient characteristics and outpatient respiratory outcomes.

Methods: This study included children with the diagnosis of BPD (n = 661) who were seen in outpatient pulmonary clinics at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia between 2016 and 2021.

Ambient Air Pollution and Outpatient Morbidities in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common long-term complication of prematurity. Although socioeconomic status is associated with BPD morbidities, the drivers of this association are poorly understood. In the United States, ambient air pollution (AAP) exposure is linked to both race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status.

Patterns of early life somatic growth in infants and children with a history of chronic lung disease of prematurity.

Objective: Preterm infants, and especially those with additional comorbidities, are at risk of early life growth failure, which may impact postnatal lung growth and attainment of peak lung function. However, little is known about the early life growth patterns of those with chronic lung disease. The goal of this study was to describe the patterns appreciated in this population and their association with certain clinical characteristics.

Outpatient respiratory outcomes in children with BPD on supplemental oxygen.

Introduction: Preterm children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) frequently require supplemental oxygen in the outpatient setting. In this study, we sought to determine patient characteristics and demographics associated with need for supplemental oxygen at initial hospital discharge, timing to supplemental oxygen liberation, and associations between level of supplemental oxygen and likelihood of respiratory symptoms and acute care usage in the outpatient setting.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of subjects with BPD on supplemental oxygen (O ) was performed.

Mortality in Outpatients with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.

Objectives: To study the demographic and clinical characteristics of preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) to identify the factors most strongly predictive of outpatient mortality, with the goal of identifying those individuals at greatest risk.

Study Design: Demographic and clinical characteristics were retrospectively reviewed for 862 subjects recruited from an outpatient BPD clinic. Characteristics of the deceased and living participants were compared using nonparametric analysis.

Family history of asthma influences outpatient respiratory outcomes in children with BPD.

Introduction: Preterm children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) are at increased risk for intermittent and chronic respiratory symptoms during childhood and adult life. Identifying children at higher risk for respiratory morbidities in the outpatient setting could help improve long-term outcomes. In this study, we hypothesized that a family history of asthma (FHA) is a risk factor for higher acute care usage and respiratory symptoms in preterm infants/children with BPD, following initial discharge home.

Influences of environmental exposures on preterm lung disease.

: Environmental factors play a critical role in the progression or resolution of chronic respiratory diseases. However, studies are limited on the impact of environmental risk factors on individuals born prematurely with lung disease after they leave the neonatal intensive care unit and are discharged into the home environment.: In this review, we cover current knowledge of environmental exposures that impact outcomes of preterm respiratory disease, including air pollution, infections, and disparities.

Predictors of pulmonary function at 6 years of age in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Rationale: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a major complication of premature birth and the most common cause of chronic lung disease in infancy. Previous studies have shown that children with a history of BPD have impaired lung function in childhood compared to their term counterparts. However, little is known about potential modifiable factors that alter lung function trajectories and subsequent respiratory morbidity in this population.

Ivacaftor for the treatment of cystic fibrosis in children under six years of age.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) results from aberrant ion transport due to abnormalities or absence of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a chloride transporter that resides on the apical surface of epithelial cells. A novel class of medications, known as CFTR modulators, specifically target the abnormal protein.: Ivacaftor increases the open probability of CFTR located on the cell surface, leading to enhanced chloride transport, and has been shown to improve lung function, weight, and quality of life.