Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Regional Anesthesia: A Brief Review.

Disparities in regional anesthesia may limit patients' access to appropriate care. We reviewed literature from 2013 to 2023 regarding health disparities in regional anesthesia. While there were some exceptions, patients belonging to racial/ethnic minority groups and those with lower socioeconomic status did not receive regional anesthesia as frequently as their White or higher-income peers.

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Delivery In-Hospital Mortality or Maternal End-Organ Injury: A Multistate Analysis, 2007-2020.

In the United States, Black maternal mortality is 2-4 × higher than that of White maternal mortality, with differences also present in severe maternal morbidity and other measures. However, limited research has comprehensively studied multilevel social determinants of health, and their confounding and effect modification on obstetrical outcomes. We performed a retrospective multistate analysis of adult inpatient delivery hospitalizations (Florida, Kentucky, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, and Washington) between 2007 and 2020.

Review of racial/ethnic disparities in obstetrics-related anesthesia administration and pain management.

While racial/ethnic disparities in maternal outcomes including mortality and severe maternal morbidity are well documented, there is limited information on disparities in obstetric anesthesia practices. This paper reviews literature on racial/ethnic disparities in peripartum anesthesia administration and postpartum pain management. Current literature demonstrates racial/ethnic disparities in several aspects of obstetric anesthesia care including neuraxial administration for vaginal labor pain, neuraxial versus general anesthesia for cesarean delivery, post neuraxial anesthesia complications, postpartum pain management and postdural puncture headache treatment practices.

Antiemetic Administration and Its Association with Race: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Anesthesiologists' contribution to perioperative healthcare disparities remains unclear because patient and surgeon preferences can influence care choices. Postoperative nausea and vomiting is a patient- centered outcome measure and a main driver of unplanned admissions. Antiemetic administration is under the sole domain of anesthesiologists.

Economic burden of maternal mortality in the USA, 2018-2020.

To evaluate the economic burden of age- and race/ethnicity-based US maternal mortality disparities. Economic burden is estimated by years of potential life lost (YPLL) and value of statistical life (VSL). Maternal mortality counts (2018-2020) were obtained from the CDC Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research database.

Economic burden of drug overdose deaths before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in the USA.

To evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economic burden of drug overdose deaths in the USA. Overdose death counts from 2019 to 2020 were obtained from the CDC's National Vital Statistics System. Years of potential life lost and value of statistical life were computed.

COVID-19 complications in males and females: recent developments.

To provide a comprehensive understanding of the varying effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection based on sex. A PubMed search of 470 primary articles was performed, with inclusion based on relevance (sex differences discussed in the target COVID population) and redundancy. PubMed was queried based on title for the keywords "SEX" and "COVID" or "SARS" between 2020 and 2022.

Economic burden of lives lost due to COVID-19 in California State.

To examine the economic impact of lives lost due to the coronavirus pandemic across California and Los Angeles (LA) County. Years of potential life lost (YPLL) and the value of statistical life (VSL) were calculated using mortality data from the California Department of Public Health, the LA County Department of Public Health and the Social Security Administration websites. In California and LA County, the average YPLL per person were 14.

Respiratory and nonrespiratory COVID-19 complications in patients with obesity: recent developments.

This narrative review summarizes recent reports to provide an updated understanding of the multiorgan effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in obese individuals. A PubMed search of 528 primary articles was performed, with inclusion based on novelty, relevance and redundancy. Obesity confers an increased risk for hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, severe pneumonia, intubation and acute kidney injury in COVID-19 patients.

Impact of preoperative opioid use disorder on outcomes following lumbar-spine surgery.

Objectives: Opioid use disorder (OUD) has previously been shown to negatively impact postoperative outcomes. As the number of spine surgeries continues to rise annually, more patients with preexisting OUD will be seen in operating rooms. Our retrospective cohort study aims to expand on the independent association between preoperative OUD and outcomes following lumbar-spine surgery.

Economic burden of lives lost due to COVID-19 in New York State.

To examine the economic impact of lives lost due to the COVID-19 pandemic across New York State. Death counts by age range and period life expectancy were extracted from the NYS Department of Health, NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, and Social Security Administration website. Years of potential life lost and value of statistical life (VSL) were calculated.

Validity of comorbidity adjustment scores in estimating in-hospital mortality in individual subgroups of race/ethnicity.

To examine the validity of race/ethnicity-specific comorbidity adjustment scores in estimating in-hospital mortality. Using 2007-2014 data from the State Inpatient Databases (SID), we compared the performance of derived race/ethnicity-specific composite scores to the existing scores and binary Elixhauser comorbidity measures at estimating in-hospital mortality. In the overall validation sample (N = 9,564,277), our index (c = 0.

Hospital safety-net burden is associated with increased inpatient mortality after elective total knee arthroplasty: a retrospective multistate review, 2007-2018.

Background: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is among the most common surgical procedures performed in the USA and comprises an outsized proportion of Medicare expenditures. Previous work-associated higher safety-net burden hospitals with increased morbidity and in-hospital mortality following total hip arthroplasty. Here, we examine the association of safety-net burden on postoperative outcomes after TKA.

Adoption of video laryngoscopy by a major academic anesthesia department.

To describe the adoption patterns of intubating devices used at a major teaching and research facility. Retrospective analysis of 2012-2019 data on frequency and trends in airway management devices collected from our anesthesia information management system. Use of direct laryngoscopy was more frequent, but there was a downward trend in use over time (p < 0.

Post-operative outcomes and anesthesia type in total hip arthroplasty in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: A retrospective analysis of the State Inpatient Databases.

Study Objectives: To investigate postoperative outcomes following total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). To evaluate trends in the use of regional anesthesia (RA) versus general anesthesia (GA) following the publication of practical guidelines. To compare postoperative outcomes according to anesthesia type.

Core temperature monitoring during cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia: a quality improvement descriptive study.

To analyze intraoperative temperature change over time following spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery using temperature enabled Foley catheters. 512 records of women who underwent scheduled cesarean deliveries were retrospectively identified from January 1, 2018 through September 9, 2018 using our anesthesia information management system. Median minimum temperature at min 1 following foley insertion was 35.