Neuroimaging and Clinical Features of Parry-Romberg Syndrome and Linear Morphea En-coup-de-sabre in a Large Case Series.

Rationale And Objectives: Parry-Romberg Syndrome (PRS) and linear morphea en-coup-de-sabre (ECDS) are rare neurocutaneous disorders characterized by unilateral progressive hemifacial atrophy and linear scleroderma, respectively. Imaging is important for assessing soft tissue and intracranial involvement, though literature is limited to case reports and series . We aim to describe radiologic and clinical epidemiologic features of PRS and ECDS.

Perfusion Collateral Index versus Hypoperfusion Intensity Ratio in Assessment of Collaterals in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Background And Purpose: Perfusion-based collateral indices such as the perfusion collateral index and the hypoperfusion intensity ratio have shown promise in the assessment of collaterals in patients with acute ischemic stroke. We aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of the perfusion collateral index and the hypoperfusion intensity ratio in collateral assessment compared with angiographic collaterals and outcome measures, including final infarct volume, infarct growth, and functional independence.

Materials And Methods: Consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke with anterior circulation proximal arterial occlusion who underwent endovascular thrombectomy and had pre- and posttreatment MRI were included.

Automated estimation of ischemic core volume on noncontrast-enhanced CT via machine learning.

Background: Accurate estimation of ischemic core on baseline imaging has treatment implications in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Machine learning (ML) algorithms have shown promising results in estimating ischemic core using routine noncontrast computed tomography (NCCT).

Objective: We used an ML-trained algorithm to quantify ischemic core volume on NCCT in a comparative analysis to pretreatment magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in patients with AIS.

MR Angiography in Assessment of Collaterals in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Comparative Analysis with Digital Subtraction Angiography.

Collateral status has prognostic and treatment implications in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. Unlike CTA, grading collaterals on MRA is not well studied. We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of assessing collaterals on pretreatment MRA in AIS patients against DSA.

Gynecologic tumor board: a radiologist's guide to vulvar and vaginal malignancies.

Primary vulvar and vaginal cancers are rare female genital tract malignancies which are staged using the 2009 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging. These cancers account for approximately 2,700 deaths annually in the USA. The most common histologic subtype of both vulvar and vaginal cancers is squamous cell carcinoma, with an increasing role of the human papillomavirus (HPV) in a significant number of these tumors.

Trans Element-Hydrogen Bonds: A Distinctive Difference Between Transition Metals and Main Group Elements.

The change in sign of the interaction force constant between element-hydrogen stretching modes of -dihydrides of the d block and p block elements is analyzed for the first time. As the transition metal M approaches group 12, the higher energy symmetric -H-M-H vibration ν approaches the energy of the antisymmetric vibration ν. Crossing to group 13 elements E, the -H-E-H vibration ν increasingly drops below ν.

Increasing metadata coverage of SRA BioSample entries using deep learning-based named entity recognition.

High-quality metadata annotations for data hosted in large public repositories are essential for research reproducibility and for conducting fast, powerful and scalable meta-analyses. Currently, a majority of sequencing samples in the National Center for Biotechnology Information's Sequence Read Archive (SRA) are missing metadata across several categories. In an effort to improve the metadata coverage of these samples, we leveraged almost 44 million attribute-value pairs from SRA BioSample to train a scalable, recurrent neural network that predicts missing metadata via named entity recognition (NER).

Quantitative Translation of Dog-to-Human Aging by Conserved Remodeling of the DNA Methylome.

All mammals progress through similar physiological stages throughout life, from early development to puberty, aging, and death. Yet, the extent to which this conserved physiology reflects underlying genomic events is unclear. Here, we map the common methylation changes experienced by mammalian genomes as they age, focusing on comparison of humans with dogs, an emerging model of aging.

IRE1α and IGF signaling predict resistance to an endoplasmic reticulum stress-inducing drug in glioblastoma cells.

To date current therapies of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) are largely ineffective. The induction of apoptosis by an unresolvable unfolded protein response (UPR) represents a potential new therapeutic strategy. Here we tested 12ADT, a sarcoendoplasmic reticulum Ca ATPase (SERCA) inhibitor, on a panel of unselected patient-derived neurosphere-forming cells and found that GBM cells can be distinguished into "responder" and "non-responder".

Metal Hydride Vibrations: The Trans Effect of the Hydride.

-Dihydride complexes are important in many homogeneous catalytic processes. Here vibrational spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) methods are used for the first time to reveal that 4d and 5d metals transmit more effectively than the 3d metals influence of the ligand trans to the hydride and also couple the motions of the -hydrides more effectively. This property of the metal is linked to higher hydride reactivity.

Extracting allelic read counts from 250,000 human sequencing runs in Sequence Read Archive.

The Sequence Read Archive (SRA) contains over one million publicly available sequencing runs from various studies using a variety of sequencing library strategies. These data inherently contain information about underlying genomic sequence variants which we exploit to extract allelic read counts on an unprecedented scale. We reprocessed over 250,000 human sequencing runs (>1000 TB data worth of raw sequence data) into a single unified dataset of allelic read counts for nearly 300,000 variants of biomedical relevance curated by NCBI dbSNP, where germline variants were detected in a median of 912 sequencing runs, and somatic variants were detected in a median of 4,876 sequencing runs, suggesting that this dataset facilitates identification of sequencing runs that harbor variants of interest.

Evaluation and accurate diagnoses of pediatric diseases using artificial intelligence.

Artificial intelligence (AI)-based methods have emerged as powerful tools to transform medical care. Although machine learning classifiers (MLCs) have already demonstrated strong performance in image-based diagnoses, analysis of diverse and massive electronic health record (EHR) data remains challenging. Here, we show that MLCs can query EHRs in a manner similar to the hypothetico-deductive reasoning used by physicians and unearth associations that previous statistical methods have not found.

PNN' & PNN' ligands via reductive amination with phosphine aldehydes: synthesis and base-metal coordination chemistry.

Novel PNN' & P2NN' ligands based on 2-aminopyridine (APyPNN-R) R = Ph (1a), Cy (1b), iBu (1c), 8-aminoquinoline (AQPNN-R) R = Ph (2a), Cy (2b), iBu (2c), iPr (2d), and 2-picolylamine (P2NN-R) R = Ph (3a), Cy (3b), iBu (3c), have been synthesized via a versatile, one-pot, single-step, reductive amination of tertiary phosphine acetaldehydes with the amine by reaction with STAB (where STAB is sodium(triacetoxy)borohydride). Ligands 1b and 1c bridge between paramagnetic Co(ii) and form dimeric complexes Co2Cl4(APyPNN-R)2 (4 and 5) when reacted with cobalt dichloride. Ligands 2a-c coordinate in a tridentate fashion forming chelate complexes MCl2(AQPNN-R) M = Co(ii) (6-8), and, for 2d, the Fe(ii) complex FeCl2(AQPNN-iPr) (9).

Extracellular vesicles produced in B cells deliver tumor suppressor miR-335 to breast cancer cells disrupting oncogenic programming in vitro and in vivo.

The successful implementation of miRNA (miR) therapies in humans will ultimately rely on the use of vehicles with improved cellular delivery capability. Here we tested a new system that leverages extracellular vesicles (EVs) laden with a tumor suppressor miRNA (miR-335) produced in B cells by plasmid DNA induction (iEVs). We demonstrate that iEVs-335 efficiently and durably restored the endogenous miR-335 pool in human triple negative breast cancer cells, downregulated the expression of the miR-335 target gene SOX4 transcription factor, and markedly inhibited tumor growth in vivo.

Integrative genomic analysis of mouse and human hepatocellular carcinoma.

Cancer genomics has enabled the exhaustive molecular characterization of tumors and exposed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as among the most complex cancers. This complexity is paralleled by dozens of mouse models that generate histologically similar tumors but have not been systematically validated at the molecular level. Accurate models of the molecular pathogenesis of HCC are essential for biomedical progress; therefore we compared genomic and transcriptomic profiles of four separate mouse models [MUP transgenic, TAK1-knockout, carcinogen-driven diethylnitrosamine (DEN), and Stelic Animal Model (STAM)] with those of 987 HCC patients with distinct etiologies.

Outcomes of the TrapEase inferior vena cava filter over 10 years at a single health care system.

Purpose: To retrospectively investigate the safety, efficacy, and complications associated with TrapEase inferior vena cava filters.

Methods: All patients who received a TrapEase filter at a single institution between April 2003 and January 2013 were identified, and outcomes were reviewed and analyzed.

Results: During the study period, 594 patients (278 women; mean age, 68.

Epigenetic aging signatures in mice livers are slowed by dwarfism, calorie restriction and rapamycin treatment.

Background: Global but predictable changes impact the DNA methylome as we age, acting as a type of molecular clock. This clock can be hastened by conditions that decrease lifespan, raising the question of whether it can also be slowed, for example, by conditions that increase lifespan. Mice are particularly appealing organisms for studies of mammalian aging; however, epigenetic clocks have thus far been formulated only in humans.

Theranostic Agents for Photodynamic Therapy of Prostate Cancer by Targeting Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen.

Prostatectomy has been the mainstay treatment for men with localized prostate cancer. Surgery, however, often can result in major side effects, which are caused from damage and removal of nerves and muscles surrounding the prostate. A technology that can help surgeons more precisely identify and remove prostate cancer resulting in a more complete prostatectomy is needed.

Retrospective Review of 516 Implantations of Option Inferior Vena Cava Filters at a Single Health Care System.

Purpose: To retrospectively evaluate the safety, efficacy, and retrievability of Option inferior vena cava (IVC) filters.

Materials And Methods: All patients (N = 516; 247 women; mean age, 67.1 y ± 15.

Intramolecular C-H/O-H bond cleavage with water and alcohol using a phosphine-free ruthenium carbene NCN pincer complex.

Transition metal complexes that exhibit metal-ligand cooperative reactivity could be suitable candidates for applications in water splitting. Ideally, the ligands around the metal should not contain oxidizable donor atoms, such as phosphines. With this goal in mind, we report new phosphine-free ruthenium NCN pincer complexes with a central N-heterocyclic carbene donor and methylpyridyl N-donors.

Reduced action of insulin glargine on protein and lipid metabolism: possible relationship to cellular hormone metabolism.

Insulin analogues are used in the treatment of diabetes to mimic physiological insulin secretion. Glargine is used to provide basal insulin levels. Previous work has shown no differences in glucose uptake when glargine was compared to native insulin.