Genomic characterization and assessment of pathogenic potential of spp. isolates from environmental monitoring.

Several species in the genus are known to cause an acute pneumonia when the aerosols containing the bacteria from man-made water systems are inhaled. The disease is usually caused by , but other species have been implicated in the infection. The disease is frequently manifested as an outbreak, which means several people are affected when exposed to the common source of Legionella contamination.

A New Animal Model of Insulin-Glucose Dynamics in the Intraperitoneal Space Enhances Closed-Loop Control Performance.

Current artificial pancreas systems (AP) operate via subcutaneous (SC) glucose sensing and SC insulin delivery. Due to slow diffusion and transport dynamics across the interstitial space, even the most sophisticated control algorithms in on-body AP systems cannot react fast enough to maintain tight glycemic control under the effect of exogenous glucose disturbances caused by ingesting meals or performing physical activity. Recent efforts made towards the development of an implantable AP have explored the utility of insulin infusion in the intraperitoneal (IP) space: a region within the abdominal cavity where the insulin-glucose kinetics are observed to be much more rapid than the SC space.

Effects of holding time and measurement error on culturing Legionella in environmental water samples.

Outbreaks of Legionnaires' disease require environmental testing of water samples from potentially implicated building water systems to identify the source of exposure. A previous study reports a large impact on Legionella sample results due to shipping and delays in sample processing. Specifically, this same study, without accounting for measurement error, reports more than half of shipped samples tested had Legionella levels that arbitrarily changed up or down by one or more logs, and the authors attribute this result to shipping time.

Distribution of lag-1 alleles and sequence-based types among Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 clinical and environmental isolates in the United States.

Approximately 84% of legionellosis cases are due to Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1. Moreover, a majority of L. pneumophila serogroup 1 clinical isolates react positively with monoclonal antibody 2 (MAb2) of the international standard panel.

Dose-related effects of smallpox vaccine.

Background: We conducted a double-blind, randomized trial of three dilutions of vaccinia virus vaccine in previously unimmunized adults in order to assess the clinical success rates, humoral responses, and virus-specific activity of cytotoxic T cells and interferon-gamma-producing T cells.

Methods: Sixty healthy adults were inoculated intradermally by bifurcated needle with undiluted vaccine (dose, 10(7.8) plaque-forming units [pfu] per milliliter), a 1:10 dilution (dose, 10(6.

Profiles of airborne fungi in buildings and outdoor environments in the United States.

We examined 12,026 fungal air samples (9,619 indoor samples and 2,407 outdoor samples) from 1,717 buildings located across the United States; these samples were collected during indoor air quality investigations performed from 1996 to 1998. For all buildings, both indoor and outdoor air samples were collected with an Andersen N6 sampler. The culturable airborne fungal concentrations in indoor air were lower than those in outdoor air.