Estimating the Real-World Cost of Diabetes Mellitus in the United States During an 8-Year Period Using 2 Cost Methodologies.

Background: Diabetes is associated with substantial clinical and economic burdens on patients and on the US healthcare system. Treatment options for patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes have increased significantly, from only 3 drug classes in 1995 to more than 12 distinct classes today. Although several of the newer treatments are reported to have improved efficacy and safety profiles, they are often substantially more costly than older medications.

Understanding and improving value frameworks with real-world patient outcomes.

Objectives: To provide recommendations that will improve approaches to measuring the value of new medical technologies to patients.

Study Design: Informed discussion by experts after literature review.

Methods: A working group was formed, and participants discussed how value frameworks should incorporate key features important to patients in evaluating new medical technologies, particularly for chronic diseases.

Treatment patterns and clinical characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus according to body mass index: findings from an electronic medical records database.

Objective: This study evaluated relationships between glycaemic control, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities and pharmacological treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D).

Research Design And Methods: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of Quintiles electronic medical records research data (study period 1 October 2013-30 September 2014). Eligibility included age ≥18 years, T2D diagnosis, and at least one available BMI measurement.

Association of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist use and rates of acute myocardial infarction, stroke and overall mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a large integrated health system.

Aims: To assess the potential impact of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) exposure on cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), using a large retrospective cohort.

Research Design And Methods: Patients who had T2D between 2005 and 2014 (N = 105 862) were identified from the electronic health record system at Cleveland Clinic using a validated electronic phenotype. A time-dependent, Cox, multiple regression analysis was used to assess the association between GLP-1RA exposure and risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), stroke/cerebrovascular accident (CVA), and overall mortality, as well as the composite of all three outcomes.

Changes in Characteristics and Treatment Patterns of Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes in a Large United States Integrated Health System between 2008 and 2013.

To assess changes in the clinical characteristics and treatment patterns of patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D), the electronic health record system at Cleveland Clinic was used to create cross-sectional summaries of all patients with new-onset T2D in 2008 and 2013. Differences between the 2008 and 2013 data sets were assessed after adjusting for age, gender, race, and income. Approximately one-third of patients with newly diagnosed T2D in 2008 and 2013 had an A1C ≥8%, suggesting the continued presence of a delayed recognition of the disease.

Decreasing incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the United States, 2007-2012: Epidemiologic findings from a large US claims database.

Aims: To explore epidemiological trends in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) in the US between 2007 and 2012 using a large US claims database, with a particular focus on demographics, prevalence, newly-diagnosed cases, and comorbidities.

Methods: Truven Health MarketScan® Databases were used to identify patients with claims evidence of T2D in the years 2007 and 2012. Newly-diagnosed T2D was characterized by an absence of any T2D claims or related drug claims for 6months preceding the index claim.

Longitudinal Changes in Medical Services and Related Costs in a Single Cohort of Patients Newly Diagnosed With Type 2 Diabetes, 2006 to 2012.

Purpose: Documenting diabetes treatment patterns and associated costs over time is an important step in gauging the medical and economic impact of current treatment guidelines in a real-world setting. This study was designed to assess changes in medication treatment patterns, health care costs, and comorbidities over a 6-year period after a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This analysis is the first of its kind to observe, over time, a single US cohort of patients newly diagnosed with T2DM.

Clinical characteristics, complications, comorbidities and treatment patterns among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a large integrated health system.

Purpose: To compare the prevalence of diabetes-related complications and comorbidities, clinical characteristics, glycemic control, and treatment patterns in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) within a large integrated healthcare system in 2008 vs 2013.

Methods: An electronic health record system was used to create a cross-sectional summary of all patients with T2D as on 1 July 2008 and 1 July 2013. Differences between the two data sets were assessed after adjusting for age, gender, race, and household income.