Histamine Applied Topically to the Nasal Mucosa Increases the Transmucosal Nitrous Oxide Exchange for the Middle Ear.

Objective: Determine if the middle ear transmucosal nitrous oxide (NO) exchange rate is affected by nasal inflammation caused by topical application of histamine.

Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, crossover study, 20 adults were challenged intranasally with histamine (5 mg) and placebo on separate occasions. At each session, the subjects were fitted with a non-rebreathing mask and breathed room air for 20 minutes, 50% NO:50% O for 20 minutes, and 100% O for 10 minutes.

Measurement, Standards, and Peer Benchmarking: One Hospital's Journey.

Peer-to-peer benchmarking is an important component of rapid-cycle performance improvement in patient safety and quality-improvement efforts. Institutions should carefully examine critical success factors before engagement in peer-to-peer benchmarking in order to maximize growth and change opportunities. Solutions for Patient Safety has proven to be a high-yield engagement for Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, with measureable improvement in both organizational process and culture.

Oxymetazoline Applied Topically to the Nasal Mucosa Decreases Trans-Mucosal Nitrous Oxide Exchange for the Middle Ear.

Objective: Determine if the middle ear (ME) trans-mucosal nitrous oxide (N2O) gas exchange rate can be pharmacologically modulated by the nasal application of a vasoconstrictor.

Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, crossover study, 20 adults received a nasal spray challenge containing either oxymetazoline or saline (placebo). At each session, subjects were fitted with a non-rebreathing mask and breathed room air for 20 minutes, 50% N2O:50% O2 for 20 minutes, and 100% O2 for 10 minutes.

Oral pseudoephedrine decreases the rate of transmucosal nitrous oxide exchange for the middle ear.

Objectives/hypothesis: Determine if oral treatment with a vasoconstrictor decreases the blood to middle ear exchange rate of the perfusion-limited gas, nitrous oxide (N2O).

Study Design: Randomized, double-blind, crossover study.

Methods: Ten adult subjects with and 10 without past middle ear disease completed paired experimental sessions, identical except for oral treatment with either pseudoephedrine hydrochloride or lactose placebo.

Is Canine Eruption Velocity Affected by the Presence of Allograft Within a Repaired Alveolar Cleft?

Purpose: To assess the rate of canine eruption in alveolar clefts repaired with cancellous autograft versus cancellous autograft mixed with allograft.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of patients in mixed dentition who underwent primary repair of uni- or bilateral alveolar cleft defects. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on the method of bony reconstruction (group 1, iliac crest autograft; group 2, iliac crest autograft harvested through a minimal access approach and mixed 1:2 with demineralized bone allograft).

Traumatic intrusion of maxillary permanent incisors into the nasal cavity associated with a seizure disorder: report of a case.

Childhood traumatic dental injury is typically associated with motor vehicle accidents, sports, or other recreational activities. However, seizure disorders or other compromising medical conditions may precipitate dental trauma. Complete intrusion injuries in the mixed or permanent dentition are relatively rare.