Clinical and Genetic Factors Associated with Neuroendocrine Neoplasms - a UK Biobank Study.

Background Incidence of neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) is rising globally, yet clinical and genetic factors remain poorly understood. Evidence for the role of obesity is conflicted and studies on prospectively collected data is sparse. We aimed to identify clinical and germline genetic risk factors associated with NEN in the UK Biobank.

Value of hospital administrative data linked to national cancer registry records to identify metastatic disease at time of primary diagnosis in colorectal cancer patients: a study using national data in England.

Background: Routinely collected data are increasingly being used for cancer research and health service evaluation. For both purposes, accurately identifying metastatic disease at diagnosis is essential. We developed an approach to identify metastatic disease at time of primary diagnosis according to national hospital administrative data (HAD) in patients identified with colorectal cancer (CRC) in the English national cancer registry (CR).

Advancements in Interoperability: Achieving Anatomic Pathology Reports That Adhere to International Standards and Are Both Human-Readable and Readily Computable.

Purpose: Over the past 50 years, multiple pathology organizations worldwide have evolved in cancer histopathology reporting from subjective, narrative assessments to structured, synoptic formats using controlled vocabulary. These reporting protocols include the required data elements that represent the minimum set of evidence-based, clinically actionable parameters necessary to convey the diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive information essential for patient care. Despite these advances, the synoptic reporting protocols were not harmonized across the various pathology organizations.

Impact of patient demographics on treatment outcomes in AML: a population-based registry in England, 2013-2020.

We report 1- and 5-year survival after acute myeloid leukemia (AML) diagnosis and early mortality within 30 days of systemic anticancer therapy (SACT) treatments, using national cancer registry data in England. Patients aged 18 to 99 years diagnosed between 2013 and 2020 were included. Overall survival (OS) was calculated using Kaplan-Meier methodology, and adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs; adjusted for intensity of treatment, age at diagnosis, sex, ethnicity, socioeconomic deprivation, comorbidity, and year of diagnosis) using Cox proportional hazards regression.

Sebaceous carcinoma epidemiology, associated malignancies and Lynch/Muir-Torre syndrome screening in England from 2008 to 2018.

Background: Sebaceous carcinomas (SC) may be associated with the cancer predisposition syndrome Muir-Torre/Lynch syndrome (MTS/LS), identifiable by SC mismatch repair (MMR) screening; however, there is limited data on MMR status of SC.

Objective: To describe the epidemiology of SC, copresentation of other cancers, and population level frequency of MMR screening in SC.

Methods: A population-based retrospective cohort study of SC patients in the National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service in England.

Sex Differences in Survival from Neuroendocrine Neoplasia in England 2012-2018: A Retrospective, Population-Based Study.

Pre-clinical studies have suggested sex hormone signalling pathways may influence tumorigenesis in neuroendocrine neoplasia (NEN). We conducted a retrospective, population-based study to compare overall survival (OS) between males and females with NEN. A total of 14,834 cases of NEN diagnosed between 2012 and 2018, recorded in England's National Cancer Registry and Analysis Service (NCRAS), were analysed.

Organ Transplants From Deceased Donors With Primary Brain Tumors and Risk of Cancer Transmission.

Importance: Cancer transmission is a known risk for recipients of organ transplants. Many people wait a long time for a suitable transplant; some never receive one. Although patients with brain tumors may donate their organs, opinions vary on the risks involved.

Second Primary Malignancies in Patients with a Neuroendocrine Neoplasm in England.

Introduction: Patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) may often develop other malignancies. This study aimed to identify the frequency at which these second malignancies occurred in England.

Methods: Data were extracted from the National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service (NCRAS) on all patients diagnosed with a NEN at one of eight NEN site groups between 2012 and 2018: appendix, caecum, colon, lung, pancreas, rectum, small intestine, and stomach.

'Get Data Out' Skin: national cancer registry incidence and survival rates for all registered skin tumour groups for 2013-2019 in England.

Background: Providing detailed skin cancer statistics, including incidence and survival, by tumour type and patient characteristics is important for up-to-date epidemiological information.

Objectives: To create a new clinically relevant consensus-based classification for registered skin tumours using tumour type and patient characteristics and to describe its application to all registered tumours in England between 2013 and 2019.

Methods: Tumours with skin topographical codes (ICD-10) and morphology and behaviour (ICD-O3) were grouped together in an iterative process creating a hierarchical tree structure.

Incidence and survival of soft tissue sarcoma in England between 2013 and 2017, an analysis from the National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service.

There is a paucity of population-based data detailing the incidence and survival of patients with soft tissue sarcoma (STS), in part due to the heterogeneity of disease and changes to classification. Here, the incidence and survival of all STS subtypes registered in England between 2013 and 2017 were analysed using cancer registry data held by the National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service. Age-standardised incidence rates were calculated per 1 000 000 using the 2013 European Standard Population.

Incidence and survival of neuroendocrine neoplasia in England 1995-2018: A retrospective, population-based study.

Background: Neuroendocrine neoplasia (NEN) incidence is rising internationally. We aimed to evaluate the epidemiology of NEN in England and examine changes in survival over time.

Methods: A retrospective, population-based study using nationally representative data between 1995 and 2018 from the National Cancer Registry and Analysis Service (NCRAS) in England was conducted on 63,949 tumours.

Incidence, prevalence and survival in patients with Langerhans cell histiocytosis: A national registry study from England, 2013-2019.

This analysis is the largest population-based study to date to provide contemporary and comprehensive epidemiological estimates of all third edition of the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD-O-3) coded Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) from England. People of all ages were identified from the National Cancer Registration Dataset using ICD-O-3 morphologies 9751-9754 for neoplasms diagnosed in 2013-2019. A total of 658 patients were identified, of whom 324 (49%) were children aged <15 years.

Goblet Cell Adenocarcinoma of the Appendix: A Systematic Review and Incidence and Survival of 1,225 Cases From an English Cancer Registry.

Background: Goblet cell adenocarcinoma (GCA) of the appendix is a rare and aggressive tumour with varying nomenclature and classification systems. This has led to heterogeneity in published data, and there is a lack of consensus on incidence, survival, and management.

Methods: We provide an overview of GCA with a comprehensive systematic review using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology and a retrospective analysis of all cases recorded in the English National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service database between 1995 and 2018.

Vet-ICD-O-Canine-1, a System for Coding Canine Neoplasms Based on the Human ICD-O-3.2.

Cancer registries are fundamental tools for collecting epidemiological cancer data and developing cancer prevention and control strategies. While cancer registration is common in the human medical field, many attempts to develop animal cancer registries have been launched over time, but most have been discontinued. A pivotal aspect of cancer registration is the availability of cancer coding systems, as provided by the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD-O).

Risk factors for metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: Refinement and replication based on 2 nationwide nested case-control studies.

Background: Risk factors for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) metastasis have been investigated only in relatively small data sets.

Objective: To analyze and replicate risk factors for metastatic cSCC.

Methods: From English and Dutch nationwide cancer registry cohorts, metastatic cases were selected and 1:1 matched to controls.

Validation of four cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma staging systems using nationwide data.

Background: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common cancer worldwide with relatively low metastatic potential (2-5%). Developments in therapeutic options have highlighted the need to better identify high-risk patients who could benefit from closer surveillance, adjuvant therapies and baseline/follow-up imaging, while at the same time safely omitting low-risk patients from further follow-up. Controversy remains regarding the predictive performance of current cSCC staging systems and which methodology to adopt.

CA125 test result, test-to-diagnosis interval, and stage in ovarian cancer at diagnosis: a retrospective cohort study using electronic health records.

Background: In the UK, the cancer antigen 125 (CA125) test is recommended as a first-line investigation in women with symptoms of possible ovarian cancer.

Aim: To compare time between initial primary care CA125 test and diagnosis, tumour morphology, and stage in women with normal (<35 U/ml) and abnormal (≥35 U/ml) CA125 levels prior to ovarian cancer diagnosis.

Design And Setting: Retrospective cohort study using English primary care and cancer registry data.

The histology of brain tumors for 67 331 children and 671 085 adults diagnosed in 60 countries during 2000-2014: a global, population-based study (CONCORD-3).

Background: Global variations in survival for brain tumors are very wide when all histological types are considered together. Appraisal of international differences should be informed by the distribution of histology, but little is known beyond Europe and North America.

Methods: The source for the analysis was the CONCORD database, a program of global surveillance of cancer survival trends, which includes the tumor records of individual patients from more than 300 population-based cancer registries.

Immunohistochemistry and Next-generation Sequencing Are Complementary Tests in Identifying PTEN Abnormality in Endometrial Carcinoma Biopsies.

PTEN plays a central role in the pathogenesis of endometrial carcinoma. Previous studies reported a high interobserver reproducibility for the interpretation of PTEN immunohistochemistry (IHC). However, PTEN IHC and its interpretation remain challenging during laboratory practice.

Stage-specific incidence trends of renal cancers in the East of England, 1999-2016.

Objectives: To determine stage-specific time-trends in renal cancer incidence.

Methods: We used population-based East Anglia data 1999-2016 (population ∼2 million) on 5,456 primary renal cancer diagnoses, estimating stage-specific annual incidence using Poisson regression, allowing for changing time-trends, and adjusting for sex, age, and socioeconomic deprivation.

Results: Renal cancer incidence increased from 9.

The diagnostic performance of CA125 for the detection of ovarian and non-ovarian cancer in primary care: A population-based cohort study.

Background: The serum biomarker cancer antigen 125 (CA125) is widely used as an investigation for possible ovarian cancer in symptomatic women presenting to primary care. However, its diagnostic performance in this setting is unknown. We evaluated the performance of CA125 in primary care for the detection of ovarian and non-ovarian cancers.

The International Collaboration for Cancer Classification and Research.

Gaps in the translation of research findings to clinical management have been recognized for decades. They exist for the diagnosis as well as the management of cancer. The international standards for cancer diagnosis are contained within the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumours, published by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and known worldwide as the WHO Blue Books.

cIMPACT-NOW update 6: new entity and diagnostic principle recommendations of the cIMPACT-Utrecht meeting on future CNS tumor classification and grading.

cIMPACT-NOW (the Consortium to Inform Molecular and Practical Approaches to CNS Tumor Taxonomy) was established to evaluate and make practical recommendations on recent advances in the field of CNS tumor classification, particularly in light of the rapid progress in molecular insights into these neoplasms. For Round 2 of its deliberations, cIMPACT-NOW Working Committee 3 was reconstituted and convened in Utrecht, The Netherlands, for a meeting designed to review putative new CNS tumor types in advance of any future World Health Organization meeting on CNS tumor classification. In preparatory activities for the meeting and at the actual meeting, a list of possible entities was assembled and each type and subtype debated.