Exercise reduces circulating biomarkers of cellular senescence in humans.

Cellular senescence has emerged as a significant and potentially tractable mechanism of aging and multiple aging-related conditions. Biomarkers of senescent cell burden, including molecular signals in circulating immune cells and the abundance of circulating senescence-related proteins, have been associated with chronological age and clinical parameters of biological age in humans. The extent to which senescence biomarkers are affected by interventions that enhance health and function has not yet been examined.

The Impact of Frailty on Patient-Centered Outcomes Following Aortic Valve Replacement.

Background: Frailty confers risk for surgical morbidity and mortality. Whether patient-reported measures of health, well-being, or quality of life respond differently to surgery in non-frail and frail individuals is unknown.

Methods: Older adults with severe aortic stenosis presenting for surgery were assessed for frailty using Cardiovascular Health Study Criteria.

Relationship between pre-transplant physical function and outcomes after kidney transplant.

Background: Performance-based measures of physical function predict morbidity following non-transplant surgery. Study objectives were to determine whether physical function predicts outcomes after kidney transplant and assess how physical function changes post-transplant.

Methods: We conducted a prospective study involving living donor kidney transplants recipients at our center from May 2012 to February 2014.

Analysis of ankle-hindfoot stability in patients with ankle instability and normals.

Purpose: We devised a testing apparatus for in vivo analysis of ankle stability. The purpose of the study was to test the reliability of this apparatus and to determine the stability pattern of the ankle-hindfoot complex in healthy, asymptomatic volunteers and in patients with ankle instability.

Methods: Ten healthy individuals were studied, and testing was repeated on the same day and different days.

Electromyographic activity in the immobilized shoulder girdle musculature during ipsilateral kinetic chain exercises.

Objective: To quantify the electromyographic activity in the shoulder girdle musculature during ipsilateral kinetic chain exercises performed in a shoulder immobilizer in asymptomatic men.

Design: Descriptive.

Setting: Motion analysis laboratory at a tertiary care center.

Electromyographic activity in the immobilized shoulder girdle musculature during scapulothoracic exercises.

Objective: To quantify the electromyographic activity in the shoulder girdle musculature during scapulothoracic exercises performed in a shoulder immobilizer in asymptomatic men.

Design: Descriptive.

Setting: Motion analysis laboratory at a tertiary care center.

The effect of scapular protraction on isometric shoulder rotation strength in normal subjects.

To measure the effect of scapular protraction on isometric shoulder rotation strength, 20 normal subjects completed 2 maximal isometric internal and external rotation contractions in 2 scapular positions (scapula neutral [SN] and scapula protracted [SP]) from 3 arm positions (90 degrees internal rotation [IR], 45 degrees internal rotation [MR], and 90 degrees external rotation [ER]). Scapular protraction reduced shoulder rotation strength in 5 of 6 test positions (P < .0004), with significant interactions between scapular position and arm position (P < .

The effect of visual biofeedback on the propulsion effectiveness of experienced wheelchair users.

Objective: To determine the effect of visual feedback on the propulsion effectiveness of experienced manual wheelchair users.

Design: Controlled trial.

Setting: A motion analysis laboratory.

The effect of seat position on wheelchair propulsion biomechanics.

This study examined the effect of seat position on handrim biomechanics. Thirteen experienced users propelled a wheelchair over a smooth level floor at a self-selected speed. Kinetic and temporal-distance data were collected with the use of an instrumented rim and a motion analysis system.

A new method to quantify demand on the upper extremity during manual wheelchair propulsion.

Objective: To use an ergonomics-based rating that characterizes both demand on, and capacity of, upper-extremity muscle groups during wheelchair propulsion to help identify the muscle groups most at risk for pain or overuse injury in a relatively demanding wheelchair propulsion task.

Design: Case series.

Setting: Biomechanics research laboratory.

Functional outcome of patients with rotationplasty about the knee.

Rotationplasty is a surgical procedure designed to achieve a durable reconstruction after the resection of tumors about the knee. However, because of the recent advances with expandable prostheses, rotationplasty has been less popular in the skeletally immature patient, particularly in the United States. We assessed the functional outcome of patients who had rotationplasty to allow better comparison with other operative techniques in this patient population.

Upper-extremity torque production in men with paraplegia who use wheelchairs.

Objectives: To study maximal upper-extremity torque values and agonist/antagonist torque ratios in a sample of individuals with paraplegia and to compare these values with a sample of age-, gender-, and weight-matched able-bodied individuals.

Design: Cross-sectional, case-control study.

Setting: A biomechanics laboratory.

Effect of scapular protraction and retraction on isometric shoulder elevation strength.

Objectives: To examine the effect of scapular protraction (SP) and scapular retraction (SR) on isometric shoulder elevation strength measured in the sagittal plane and to test the hypothesis that strength would be significantly reduced when tested in the SP position relative to the neutral resting scapular position (SN).

Design: Prospective before-after trial.

Setting: Multidisciplinary sports medicine center.