Compartment Syndrome of the Leg Associated With Fracture: An Algorithm to Avoid Releasing the Posterior Compartments.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to report on a prospective series of patients in whom an algorithm was used to attempt to avoid releasing the posterior compartments in patients with lower leg compartment syndrome (CS) and the safety of such a practice.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Level 1 trauma center.

Massive rotator cuff tears without arthropathy: when to consider reverse shoulder arthroplasty.

Massive rotator cuff tears often present a challenge for the treating orthopaedic surgeon. A multitude of surgical approaches have been described to manage this condition, ranging from biceps tenotomy to complex muscle transfers to reverse shoulder arthroplasty. Among these procedures, reverse shoulder arthroplasty is increasingly advocated to relieve pain and restore function; however, the exact role of this arthroplasty procedure continues to be defined, particularly in patients without any evidence of associated glenohumeral arthritis.

Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty in the Management of Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears without Arthritis.

Introduction: The ability to provide reliable outcomes in treatment of patients with degenerative rotator cuff tears has become increasingly complicated, as a result of more advanced disease and the increased array of treatment choices.

Step 1 Preoperative Planning: Develop and communicate with a consistent team of interdisciplinary physicians both preoperatively and postoperatively; utilize advanced imaging modalities to evaluate muscle atrophy as well as glenoid and humeral bone stock.

Step 2 Patient Positioning: Place the patient in a beach-chair position, check the abdominal strap, and position yourself facing the axilla.

Platelet-rich plasma: from basic science to clinical applications.

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been utilized in surgery for 2 decades; there has been a recent interest in the use of PRP for the treatment of sports-related injuries. PRP contains growth factors and bioactive proteins that influence the healing of tendon, ligament, muscle, and bone. This article examines the basic science of PRP, and it describes the current clinical applications in sports medicine.

Expression of nitric oxide, peroxynitrite, and apoptosis in loose total hip replacements.

Nitric oxide (NO) is an effector molecule associated with inflammation, immune function, bone metabolism, and the induction of apoptosis. This study examined the role of NO, peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)), and apoptosis in cases of revision total hip replacements (THRs). We hypothesized that apoptosis and excess production of NO contribute to the inflammatory reaction to orthopedic biomaterial wear debris that is associated with loosening and osteolysis.