Compartment Syndrome after Crotalid Envenomation in the United States: A Review of the North American Snakebite Registry from 2013 to 2021 on Behalf of the ToxIC Snakebite Study Group.

Introduction: Compartment syndrome (CS) is a rare but serious complication after crotalid envenomation in the United States. Few data are available regarding the epidemiology and management of these cases. Significant controversy and misunderstanding over best practices, including measurement of compartment pressures and use of fasciotomy, exist for this syndrome.

Late hemotoxicity following North American rattlesnake envenomation treated with crotalidae immune F(ab') (equine) antivenom and crotalidae immune polyvalent Fab (ovine) antivenom reported to the North American Snakebite Sub-registry.

Introduction: Late hemotoxicity is common following rattlesnake envenomation treated with crotalidae immune polyvalent Fab (ovine) (FabAV). Initial clinical trials showed crotalidae immune F(ab')2 (equine) (Fab2AV) to be superior to FabAV in preventing late hemotoxicity, but this effect has not been demonstrated in broader populations. This study investigated late hemotoxicity in patients receiving Fab2AV or FabAV after rattlesnake envenomation.

Unwitting adult marijuana poisoning: a case series.

Study Purpose: With increasing state legalization, marijuana use has become commonplace throughout much of the United States. Existing literature on unintentional exposure focuses primarily on children.We report on a cluster of adults with unwitting marijuana exposure.

Yogaman: An Inexpensive, Anatomically-detailed Chest Tube Placement Trainer.

Introduction: Opportunities for chest tube placement in emergency medicine training programs have decreased, making competence development and maintenance with live patients problematic. Available trainers are expensive and may require costly maintenance.

Methods: We constructed an anatomically-detailed model using a Halloween skeleton thorax, dress form torso, and yoga mat.

Toxicity of energy drinks.

Purpose Of Review: 'Energy drinks', 'energy shots' and other energy products have exploded in popularity in the past several years; however, their use is not without risk. Caffeine is the main active ingredient in energy drinks, and excessive consumption may acutely cause caffeine intoxication, resulting in tachycardia, vomiting, cardiac arrhythmias, seizures, and death. The effects of chronic high-dose caffeine intake in children and adolescents are unknown.

Toxicology in the ICU: Part 1: general overview and approach to treatment.

Poisonings, adverse drug effects, and envenomations continue to be commonly encountered. Patients often present critically ill and warrant ICU admission. Many other patients who are initially stable have the potential for rapid deterioration and require continuous cardiopulmonary and neurologic monitoring.