The Condition of the Meniscus and Cartilage of the Injured Knee on Preoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Is a Prognostic Factor Affecting Postoperative Outcomes Following Knee Cartilage Restoration Surgery.

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between preoperative whole-joint imaging evaluation of the knee with patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures after cartilage restoration surgery (mosaicplasty, osteochondral allograft transplantation, matrix autologous chondrocyte implantation).

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated patients who underwent knee articular cartilage restoration at our institution from 2014 to 2020. The patients' knee magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was evaluated with the Whole-Organ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score (WORMS) and semiquantitative synovial inflammation imaging biomarkers of the preoperative MRI.

Combined Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction and Tibial Tubercle Osteotomy Has a Lower Risk of Recurrent Instability Requiring Revision Stabilization at 2 Years Than Either Procedure Alone.

Purpose: To use a large nationwide administrative database to directly compare usage, complications, and need for revision stabilization surgery after medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (MPLFR), tibial tubercle osteotomy (TTO), and combined MPFLR and TTO (MPFLRTTO).

Methods: The PearlDiver Mariner database was queried for all reported cases of MPLFR, TTO, and combined MPFLRTTO performed between 2010 and 2020 using Current Procedural Terminology codes. Subsets from those cohorts with laterality-specific , , codes for patellar instability were used to evaluate 2-year incidence of infection, stiffness, fracture, and revision stabilization with MPFLR and/or TTO.

Evaluation of Spin in Clinical Trials of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review.

Background: The regenerative potential of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has sparked interest in their use for knee osteoarthritis. Concurrently, there have been investigations on how data in scientific journals are reported and how they may influence readers' interpretations, or "spin bias." These studies are at risk for bias, given the limited number of patients and inconsistent blinding or controls.

Effects of Early Sport Specialization on Injury Load Management and Athletic Success of National Basketball Association Players.

Background: The effects of early sport specialization on professional athletes' resilience in handling increased workloads and athletic success have not been fully described.

Hypothesis: National Basketball Association (NBA) players who were multisport athletes during high school would be able to withstand higher workloads with lower injury rates and have more athletic success compared with their single-sport peers.

Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study.

Humeral Stem Design in Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty.

Purpose Of The Review: There have been tremendous modifications to the humeral component since Paul Grammont first introduced the reverse total shoulder arthroplasty in 1985. The purpose of this article is to review historical design features and their drawbacks and to summarize the clinical outcomes of modern designs.

Recent Findings: Decreasing the neck-shaft angle and increasing humeral lateralization have helped address problems of scapular notching and limited internal and external rotation that were common with traditional designs.

Physician-led YouTube videos related to anterior cruciate ligament injuries provide higher-quality educational content compared to other sources.

Introduction: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries and ACL reconstruction (ACLR) surgery are very common. Patients increasingly use social media platforms like YouTube to find healthcare information to help them make medical decisions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality of YouTube videos providing information about ACL injuries and ACL surgery.

The Effects of Microplastics on Musculoskeletal Disorder; A Narrative Review.

Purpose Of Review: The physical health impacts of microplastics have received increasing attention in recent years. However, limited data impedes a full understanding of the internal exposure to microplastics, especially concerning the musculoskeletal system. The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent literature regarding the effects of microplastics on the musculoskeletal system.

Higher Posterior Tibial Slope and Lower Medial Proximal Tibial Angle of the Knee Are Associated With Delayed Graft Maturation After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Surgery With Hamstring Autograft.

Purpose: To relate bone shape with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft maturation, as evaluated by quantitative magnetic resonance imaging.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated patients aged 18 to 60 years who underwent ACL reconstruction with a hamstring autograft with doubled semitendinosus and gracilis at our institution between 2018 and 2020 with isolated ACL injuries. All patients had a minimum follow-up period of 2 years.

Low-Volume and Early-Career Surgeons Have Higher Risk for Reoperation and Complications Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Purpose: To characterize the population of surgeons performing anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions (ACLRs) in the United States and investigate the relationships between surgeon volume, career duration, and practice setting on surgical outcomes.

Methods: A large nationwide insurance database was queried for patients undergoing primary ACLR. Provider gender, degree type (allopathic vs osteopathic), practice setting (academic vs private as defined by ACGME affiliation), surgeon volume per year, and career duration were obtained.

Cellular signaling pathways in the nervous system activated by various mechanical and electromagnetic stimuli.

Mechanical stimuli, such as stretch, shear stress, or compression, activate a range of biomolecular responses through cellular mechanotransduction. In the nervous system, studies on mechanical stress have highlighted key pathophysiological mechanisms underlying traumatic injury and neurodegenerative diseases. However, the biomolecular pathways triggered by mechanical stimuli in the nervous system has not been fully explored, especially compared to other body systems.

Lower Extremity Injury Rates on Artificial Turf Versus Natural Grass Surfaces in the National Football League During the 2021 and 2022 Seasons.

Background: It has been argued that the use of artificial turf football fields in the National Football League (NFL) increases player injury risk compared with natural grass surfaces.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to quantify the rate of lower extremity injuries occurring in NFL players on artificial turf compared with natural grass surfaces and characterize the time missed due to injury and proportion of injuries requiring surgery. It was hypothesized that lower extremity injuries requiring surgical intervention would occur at a higher rate on artificial turf than on natural grass.

Prognostic Factors on Preoperative MRI for Patient-Reported Outcomes After Posterior Medial Meniscus Root Repair.

Background: Repair of posterior medial meniscus root (PMMR) tears has demonstrated favorable outcomes and may prevent rapid progression of knee osteoarthritis; however, there is a paucity of data regarding prognostic factors affecting postoperative outcomes.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to identify factors on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that predict postoperative outcomes after PMMR repair. It was hypothesized that patients with increasing levels of degenerative changes as evaluated through semiquantitative preoperative MRI scans would have worse postoperative patient-reported outcome (PRO) scores.

Are Patient-Reported Outcome Measures for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries Validated for Spanish Language and Culture?

Background: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) have been adopted as a way to measure patient self-rated physical function and health status for patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. Although multiple PROMs exist and have been translated into various languages, the cross-cultural adaptation and validity of these PROMs for Spanish-speaking patients is unknown.

Purpose: To evaluate the adaptation quality and psychometric properties of Spanish-language adaptations of PROMs for patients with ACL injuries.

Association of Preoperative Shoulder Osteoarthritis Severity Score With Change in American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Score at 2 Years After Rotator Cuff Repair.

Background: The impact of early glenohumeral osteoarthritis (GHOA) on clinical outcomes after rotator cuff repair (RCR) remains unclear. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based Shoulder Osteoarthritis Severity (SOAS) score is a comprehensive approach to quantifying glenohumeral degeneration.

Purpose: To investigate the association between SOAS scores and changes in American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) scores in patients who underwent RCR.

Impact of surgeon volume, experience, and training on outcomes after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: a nationwide analysis of 1489 surgeons.

Background: Given the complexity of arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) and increasing prevalence, there is a need for comprehensive, large-scale studies that investigate potential correlations between surgeon-specific factors and postoperative outcomes after ARCR. This study examines how surgeon-specific factors including case volume, career length, fellowship training, practice setting, and regional practice impact two-year reoperation rates, conversion to total shoulder arthroplasty (anatomic or reverse), and 90-day post-ARCR hospitalization.

Methods: The PearlDiver Mariner database was used to collect surgeon-specific variables and query patients who underwent ARCR from 2015 to 2018.

Overexpression of PRDM16 improves muscle function after rotator cuff tears.

Background: Muscle atrophy, fibrosis, and fatty infiltration are commonly seen in rotator cuff tears (RCTs), which are critical factors that directly determine the clinical outcomes for patients with this injury. Therefore, improving muscle quality after RCT is crucial in improving the clinical outcome of tendon repair. In recent years, it has been discovered that adults have functional beige/brown adipose tissue (BAT) that can secrete batokines to promote muscle growth.

Degenerative medial and lateral menisci root tears: demographics, clinical presentation, imaging features, and associated findings.

Purpose: (I) Characterize the demographics and clinical features of patients with meniscal root tears (MRT); (II) analyze the morphology, extent, and grade of MRT on MRI; (III) evaluate associated abnormalities on imaging; and (IV) evaluate the associations between imaging findings, demographics, clinical features, and joint structural abnormalities.

Material And Methods: A search was performed to identify meniscal root tears. Age, sex, BMI, and pain were recorded.

No Differences in 2-Year Reoperation Rates for Meniscus Allograft Transplant With Concomitant Cartilage Restoration or Osteotomy: A National Database Study.

Purpose: To investigate reoperation rates after meniscus allograft transplant (MAT), comparing rates with and without concomitant articular cartilage and osteotomy procedures using a national insurance claims database.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent MAT from 2010 to 2021 with a minimum 2-year follow-up using the PearlDiver database. Using Current Procedural Terminology and International Classification of Diseases codes, we identified patients who underwent concomitant procedures including chondroplasty or microfracture, cartilage restoration defined as osteochondral graft or autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI), or osteotomy.

Association of Spanish as a Primary Language With Retear Rates After Pediatric ACL Reconstruction.

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are one of the most common knee injuries in pediatric patients in the United States. The patient's primary spoken language may affect outcomes after ACL reconstruction (ACLR).

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to identify differences in ACLR outcomes between patients whose primary, preferred spoken language was either English or Spanish.

Age-dependent decline of B3AR agonist-mediated activation of FAP UCP-1 expression in murine models of chronic rotator cuff repair.

Amibegron, a β3-adrenergic receptor (B3AR) agonist, has recently been shown to provide therapeutic effects for chronic rotator cuff (RC) tears by inducing the expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1), a marker of brown fat, in fibroadipogenic progenitors (FAPs). However, it remains to be seen if these beneficial effects hold true with age and in older, more clinically relevant populations. This study seeks to understand the impacts of aging on the efficacy of amibegron to treat chronic RC tears.

Increasing Use of Promotional Language in Orthopaedic Surgery Abstracts-An Analysis of 112,916 Abstracts 1985 to 2020.

Background: Increasing use of "hype" language (eg, language overstating research impact) has been documented in the scientific community. Evaluating language in abstracts is important because readers may use abstracts to extrapolate findings to entire publications. Our purpose was to assess the frequency of hype language within orthopaedic surgery.

Gender Disparities in Endowed Professorships Within Orthopaedic Surgery.

Background Orthopaedic surgery has the lowest number of full-time faculty positions held by women, at 19%, with endowed chairs among the most coveted and advantageous. We examined the characteristics of endowed professors from the US top 100 orthopaedic academic centers and highest-funded musculoskeletal (MSK) researchers to determine if gender is associated with endowed professorship. Additionally, we sought to determine if gender is associated with increased NIH funding for top-performing musculoskeletal researchers.

Clinical and radiologic outcomes in patients with meniscal root tears.

Background: Meniscal root tears can lead to early knee osteoarthritis and pain. This study aimed (1) to compare clinical and radiological outcomes between patients who underwent arthroscopic meniscal root repair after meniscal root tears and those who received non-surgical treatment, and (2) to identify whether baseline MRI findings could be potential predictors for future treatment strategies.

Methods: Patients with meniscal root tears were identified from our picture archiving and communication system from 2016 to 2020.

Fastpitch Softball Injuries: Epidemiology, Biomechanics, and Injury Prevention.

Purpose Of Review: Fastpitch softball is one of the most popular sports among youth and high school female athletes. Despite some similarities to baseball, key differences between the two sports result in different injury patterns, and there is comparatively less literature describing injury epidemiology in fastpitch softball. The purpose of this review is to describe the epidemiology, biomechanics, and injury prevention efforts in regards to fastpitch softball injury with a particular focus on underhand pitching.