Effect of crosslinking on the physical and chemical properties of β-lactoglobulin (Blg) microgels.

Hypothesis: Microgels assembled from the protein β-lactoglobulin are colloidal structures with potential applications in food materials. Modifying the internal crosslinking within these microgels using enzymatic or chemical treatments should affect dissolution, swelling, and viscous attributes under strongly solvating conditions.

Experiments: Microgels were treated with citric acid, glutaraldehyde and transglutaminase to induce cross-linking or with tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine to reduce disulfide linkages.

Effect of high-pressure processing of bovine colostrum on immunoglobulin G concentration, pathogens, viscosity, and transfer of passive immunity to calves.

This study aimed to determine the effects of high-pressure processing on the immunoglobulin concentration, microbial load, viscosity, and transfer of passive immunity to calves when applied to bovine colostrum as an alternative to thermal pasteurization. A pilot study using Staphylococcus aureus was conducted to determine which pressure-time treatments are most appropriate for use with bovine colostrum, with the goals of maximizing bacterial inactivation while minimizing IgG content and viscosity changes. Following the pilot study, an inoculation study was conducted in which first-milking colostrum samples from Holstein-Friesian cows were inoculated with known concentrations of various bacteria or viruses and pressure processed at either 300 MPa for up to 60min or at 400MPa for up to 30min.

Dynamic and viscoelastic interfacial behavior of β-lactoglobulin microgels of varying sizes at fluid interfaces.

Hypothesis: Microgel particles formed from the whey protein β-lactoglobulin are able to stabilize emulsion and foam interfaces, yet their interfacial properties have not been fully characterized. Smaller microgels are expected to adsorb to and deform at the interface more rapidly, facilitating the development of highly elastic interfaces.

Methods: Microgels were produced by thermal treatment under controlled pH conditions.

Impact of infrared finishing on the mechanical and sensorial properties of wheat donuts.

Unlabelled: Infrared radiation may be used to simulate an immersion frying heat flux and create products with fried-like textures but lower fat contents. The objective of this study was to determine the process parameters needed to produce partially-fried, infrared-finished donuts comparable to fully-fried (control) donuts. A total of 8 different sets of infrared oven parameters (emitter height and belt speed) were tested.