The association of COVID-19 with increased pediatric ventriculoatrial shunt failures: a national retrospective cohort.

Objective: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the authors' institution managed ventriculoatrial (VA) shunt complications in 2 teenage patients in close proximity to a symptomatic COVID-19 infection. Systemic thrombotic events are an established complication of COVID-19 infection due to a hypercoagulable state. Thrombotic complications, particularly elevated central venous pressure, can cause VA shunt failure.

Presentation and management of nervous system cavernous malformations in children: A systematic review and case report.

Cerebral cavernous malformations (CMs) are slow-flow vascular lesions that affect up to 0.5% of the pediatric population. These lesions are at risk for hemorrhage, causing seizures, and leading to neurological deficits.

Resection of an Embolized Cirsoid Aneurysm With Intracranial Venous Drainage: 2-Dimensional Operative Video.

Cirsoid aneurysms, also known as scalp arteriovenous malformations (AVM), are rare congenital extracranial vascular anomalies that often present as an enlarging pulsatile scalp mass. A 14-yr-old male presented with a pulsatile scalp lesion that was first noticed 3 yr prior and had progressively enlarged. No history of trauma was reported.

Resection of a Lumbar Intradural Extramedullary Schwannoma: 3-Dimensional Operative Video.

This 3-dimensional operative video illustrates resection of a lumbar schwannoma in a 57-yr-old female who presented with right lower extremity numbness, paresthesias, as well as a long history of lower back pain with rest. On magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), there was evidence of an intradural extramedullary enhancing lesion at L5, nearly completely encompassing the spinal canal. This video demonstrates the natural history, treatment options, surgical procedure, risks, and complications of treatment of these types of tumors.

High Cervical Ependymoma Resection: 2-Dimensional Operative Video.

This operative video illustrates resection of a cervical ependymoma in a 40-yr-old female with numbness of upper and lower extremities and ataxia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated an enhancing intramedullary intradural spinal mass at C2-3. The patient underwent a posterior cervical laminoplasty for tumor resection.

Resection of 2 Intradural Extramedullary Cervical Spine Tumors in a Patient With Neurofibromatosis Type 2: 3-Dimensional Operative Video.

This 3-dimensional operative video illustrates resection of 2 cervical spine schwannomas in a 19-yr-old female with neurofibromatosis type 2. The patient presented with lower extremity hyperreflexity and hypertonicity. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated 2 contrast-enhancing intradural extramedullary cervical spine lesions causing spinal cord compression at C4 and C5.

Scalp Arteriovenous Malformation (Cirsoid Aneurysm) in Adolescence: Report of 2 Cases and Review of the Literature.

Background: Scalp arteriovenous malformations, also known as cirsoid aneurysms, are rare lesions that are congenital, traumatic, or postinfectious in nature. These lesions may be found incidentally or owing to signs and symptoms that they produce, such as an enlarging pulsatile mass, headache, tinnitus, or bleeding. These lesions often constitute high-flow arterial blood from the superficial temporal or occipital arteries with venous outflow into extracranial venous structures.

Thoracoscopic-Assisted Ventriculo-Azygous Shunt Placement for the Treatment of Hydrocephalus.

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid diversion is one of the most frequent neurosurgical procedures across the world and can be challenging in select patients who fail standard distal drainage sites.

Objective: To present the case of a woman after failing peritoneal, pleural, and atrial distal drainage sites who underwent a thoracoscopic-assisted ventriculo-azygous vein shunt placement.

Methods: A 32-year-old woman presented to our hospital with long-standing history of hydrocephalus and shunt dependence.