Investigating the role of community organizations in communicating extreme weather events in New York City: A content analysis.

The communication of extreme weather forecasts (e.g., heatwaves and extreme precipitation) is a challenge for weather forecasters and emergency managers who are tasked with keeping residents safe during often unprecedented situations.

An Integrated Scenario Ensemble-Based Framework for Hurricane Evacuation Modeling: Part 2-Hazard Modeling.

Hurricane track and intensity can change rapidly in unexpected ways, thus making predictions of hurricanes and related hazards uncertain. This inherent uncertainty often translates into suboptimal decision-making outcomes, such as unnecessary evacuation. Representing this uncertainty is thus critical in evacuation planning and related activities.

An Integrated Scenario Ensemble-Based Framework for Hurricane Evacuation Modeling: Part 1-Decision Support System.

This article introduces a new integrated scenario-based evacuation (ISE) framework to support hurricane evacuation decision making. It explicitly captures the dynamics, uncertainty, and human-natural system interactions that are fundamental to the challenge of hurricane evacuation, but have not been fully captured in previous formal evacuation models. The hazard is represented with an ensemble of probabilistic scenarios, population behavior with a dynamic decision model, and traffic with a dynamic user equilibrium model.

Comparisons of Modeled and Observed Reflectivities and Fall Speeds for Snowfall of Varied Riming Degrees during Winter Storms on Long Island, New York.

Derived radar reflectivities and fall speeds for four Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model bulk microphysical parameterizations (BMPs) run at 1.33-km grid spacing are compared with ground-based, vertically pointing Ku-band radar, scanning S-band radar, and in situ measurements at Stony Brook, New York. Simulations were partitioned into periods of observed riming degree as determined manually using a stereo microscope and camera during nine winter storms.

A Review of Historical and Future Changes of Extratropical Cyclones and Associated Impacts Along the US East Coast.

This paper reviews the historical and potential future trends of extratropical cyclones (ECs) along the United States (US) East Coast and western Atlantic, as well as potential changes in coastal flooding, heavy precipitation, and damaging winds. Most models project a steady decrease in the number of ECs for the US East Coast and western Atlantic region by the middle to later twenty-first century, while there is an increase in more intense (<980 hPa) cyclones and heavy precipitation; however, there is also been large interdecadal and interannual variability. Potential biases may exist in the models because of difficulty capturing: (a) the Atlantic storm track sensitivity to the Gulf Stream SST gradient, (b) latent heating within these storms, and (c) dynamical interactions at jet level.

Atmospheric fluxes of (7)Be and (210)Pb on monthly time-scales and during rainfall events at Stony Brook, New York (USA).

The particle-reactive radionuclides (7)Be and (210)Pb have been employed extensively as tracers and chronometers for a variety of aquatic and terrestrial processes. Both radionuclides are delivered to the Earth's surface from the atmosphere, and in order to use them effectively as natural tracers, an understanding of variations in atmospheric fluxes of these radionuclides due to latitudinal differences and storm events is required. The monthly atmospheric fluxes of (7)Be and (210)Pb, measured from April-2008 to December-2009 at Stony Brook, NY, ranged from 67 to 385 Bq m(-2) and 6.

Electric power from offshore wind via synoptic-scale interconnection.

World wind power resources are abundant, but their utilization could be limited because wind fluctuates rather than providing steady power. We hypothesize that wind power output could be stabilized if wind generators were located in a meteorologically designed configuration and electrically connected. Based on 5 yr of wind data from 11 meteorological stations, distributed over a 2,500 km extent along the U.