Surface-functionalization effects on uptake of fluorescent polystyrene nanoparticles by model biofilms.

A study was conducted to investigate the role of nanoparticle (NP) surface functionalization/charge on their uptake by biofilms. Biofilms, bacterial colonies attached to surfaces via extracellular polymers, are effective at removing suspended nanomaterials from the aqueous phase. However, the mechanisms regulating particle uptake are unknown.