: Implementation and Evaluation of A Novel Extubation Clinical Decision Support Tool.

Importance: Extubation Advisor (EA) is a novel software tool that generates a synoptic report for each Spontaneous Breathing Trial (SBT) conducted to inform extubation decision-making.

Objectives: To assess bedside EA implementation, perceptions of utility, and identify barriers and facilitators of use.

Design, Setting And Participants: We conducted a phase I mixed-methods interventional study in three mixed intensive care unit (ICUs) in two academic hospitals.

Glycemic Variability As a Prognostic Factor for Mortality in Patients With Critical Illness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the association of various measures of glycemic variability, including time-domain and complexity-domain, with short-term mortality in patients with critical illness.

Data Sources: We searched Embase Classic +, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from inception to November 3, 2023.

Study Selection: We included English language studies that assessed metrics of glycemic variation or complexity and short-term mortality in patients admitted to the ICU.

Guiding principles and proposed classification system for the responsible adoption of artificial intelligence in scientific writing in medicine.

The integration of large language models (LLMs) and artificial intelligence (AI) into scientific writing, especially in medical literature, presents both unprecedented opportunities and inherent challenges. This manuscript evaluates the transformative potential of LLMs for the synthesis of information, linguistic enhancements, and global knowledge dissemination. At the same time, it raises concerns about unintentional plagiarism, the risk of misinformation, data biases, and an over-reliance on AI.

Derivation and External Validation of the Ottawa Bloodstream Infection Model for Acutely Ill Adults.

Background: Knowing the probability that patients have a bloodstream infection (BSI) could influence the ordering of blood cultures and interpretation of their preliminary results. Many previous BSI probability models have limited applicability and accuracy. This study used currently recommended modeling techniques and a large sample to derive and validate the Ottawa BSI Model.

Doctor-patient interactions in the age of AI: navigating innovation and expertise.

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare has the capacity to transform medical practice. Despite its revolutionary potential, the influence of AI may affect the physician-patient interaction and presents ethical challenges that will need to be carefully considered. This article discusses how patients may interact with this technology, considers how emerging technologies may alter the dynamics of the physician-patient relationship, and reviews some of the limitations that continue to exist.

Predictors of Noninvasive Ventilation Failure in the Post-Extubation Period: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: To identify factors associated with failure of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in the post-extubation period.

Data Sources: We searched Embase Classic +, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from inception to February 28, 2022.

Study Selection: We included English language studies that provided predictors of post-extubation NIV failure necessitating reintubation.

Concurrent external validation of bloodstream infection probability models.

Objective: Accurately estimating the likelihood of bloodstream infection (BSI) can help clinicians make diagnostic and therapeutic decisions. Many multivariate models predicting BSI probability have been published. This study measured the performance of BSI probability models within the same patient sample.

YAC128 Huntington's disease transgenic mice show enhanced short-term hippocampal synaptic plasticity early in the course of the disease.

Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by a polyglutamine expansion in the gene encoding the protein huntingtin. The disease progresses over decades, but often patients develop cognitive impairments that precede the onset of the classical motor symptoms. Similar to the disease progression in humans, the yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) 128 HD mouse model also exhibits cognitive dysfunction that precedes the onset of the neuropathological and motor impairments characteristic of HD.

Long-term exercise is needed to enhance synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus.

Exercise can have many benefits for the body, but it also benefits the brain by increasing neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, and performance on learning and memory tasks. The period of exercise needed to realize the structural and functional benefits for the brain have not been well delineated, and previous studies have used periods of exercise exposure that range from as little as 3 d to up to 6 mo. In this study, we systematically evaluated the effects of differential running periods (3, 7, 14, 28, and 56 d) on both structural (cell proliferation and maturation) and functional (in vivo LTP) changes in the dentate gyrus of adult male Sprague-Dawley rats.