The Implications of Atlantic Salmon ( L.) Fatty Acid Profiles for Their Thiamine Status.

Thiamine deficiency is an ongoing issue across the Northern Hemisphere, causing reproductive failure in multiple salmonid populations. In the Baltic Sea, a large brackish water system in northern Europe, previous research has suggested that this deficiency is associated with lipid-rich diets with a high proportion of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3). The mechanism proposed is that a diet abundant in highly unsaturated fatty acids, such as DHA, depletes thiamine as an antioxidant defense in adult salmonids, rather than allocating thiamine to the offspring.

Magnetic fields reveal signatures of triplet-pair multi-exciton photoluminescence in singlet fission.

The photophysical processes of singlet fission and triplet fusion have numerous emerging applications. They involve the separation of a photo-generated singlet exciton into two dark triplet excitons and the fusion of two dark triplet excitons into an emissive singlet exciton, respectively. The role of the excimer state and the nature of the triplet-pair state in these processes have been a matter of contention.

Spillover effects from invasive alter the plant-pollinator networks and seed production of native plants.

Invasive flowering plants can disrupt plant-pollinator networks. This is well documented where invasives occur amongst native plants; however, the potential for 'spillover' effects of invasives that form stands in adjacent habitats are less well understood. Here we quantify the impact of two invasive Australian species, and , on the plant-pollinator networks in fynbos habitats in South Africa.

Human Mitragynine and 7-Hydroxymitragynine Pharmacokinetics after Single and Multiple Daily Doses of Oral Encapsulated Dried Kratom Leaf Powder.

Kratom leaves, consumed by millions worldwide as tea or ground leaf powder, contain multiple alkaloids, with mitragynine being the most abundant and responsible for most effects. Mitragynine is a partial µ-opioid receptor agonist and competitive antagonist at κ- and δ-opioid receptors; however, unlike morphine, it does not activate the β-arrestin-2 respiratory depression pathway. Due to few human mitragynine data, the largest randomized, between-subject, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation study of 500-4000 mg dried kratom leaf powder (6.

Diagnostic testing and antibiotic utilization among inpatients evaluated for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia.

We evaluated diagnostic test and antibiotic utilization among 252 patients from 11 US hospitals who were evaluated for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia during the severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) omicron variant pandemic wave. In our cohort, antibiotic use remained high (62%) among SARS-CoV-2-positive patients and even higher among those who underwent procalcitonin testing (68%).

Intraluminal tumor cells and prognostic accuracy of endometrial cancer stage criteria: A multi-institution study.

Objective: Endometrial cancer stage is a strong prognostic factor; however, the current stage classification does not incorporate transtubal spread as determined by intraluminal tumor cells (ILTCs). We examined relationships between ILTCs and survival outcomes according to histological subtype and stage and examined whether identification of ILTCs improves prognostic accuracy of endometrial cancer staging.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of women diagnosed with endometrial cancer at five academic hospitals between 2007 and 2012.

Starting the Discussion: A Call to Enhance Care for People With Stimulant Use Disorder.

Stimulant use disorder (StUD) significantly contributes to substance-related morbidity and mortality in the United States. Overshadowed by the country's focus on opioid-related overdose deaths, stimulant and stimulant/opioid overdose deaths have increased dramatically over the last decade. Many individuals who use stimulants illicitly or have StUD have multiple, intersecting stigmatized characteristics which exacerbate existing barriers and create new obstacles to attaining addiction treatment.

Assessment of the impact of dams on aquatic food webs using stable isotopes: Current progress and future challenges.

Dams have disrupted natural river systems worldwide and although population and community level effects on aquatic biota have been well documented, food web responses remain poorly understood and difficult to characterize. The application of stable isotope analysis (SIA) provides a means to assess the effect of dams on food webs. Here we review the effect of dams on aquatic food webs using SIA, aiming to detect knowledge gaps in the field of dam impacts on aquatic food webs and propose a conceptual framework to help formulate hypotheses about dam impacts on food webs guided by food web theory.

Tuneable emission in single molecule dyads mediated by a charge transfer state.

The demand for fluorescent organic dyes across a broad range of applications has led to investigation into tuneable emission dyes. The tuneable nature of these dyes makes them desirable for applications in a variety of fields, including organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), optical sensing devices, and fluorescence imaging. In recent investigations, there have only been a handful of mechanisms used to tune emission.

Pulmonary Artery Pressure-Guided Heart Failure Management Reduces Hospitalizations in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease.

Background: Hemodynamic-guided heart failure management is a superior strategy to prevent decompensation leading to hospitalization compared with traditional clinical methods. It remains unstudied if hemodynamic-guided care is effective across severities of comorbid renal insufficiency or if this strategy impacts renal function over time.

Methods: In the CardioMEMS US PAS (Post-Approval Study), heart failure hospitalizations were compared from 1 year before and after pulmonary artery sensor implantation in 1200 patients with New York Heart Association class III symptoms and a previous hospitalization.

Heterostructured Nanotetrapod Luminophores for Reabsorption Elimination within Luminescent Solar Concentrators.

Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) concentrate light via luminescence within a planar-waveguide and have potential use for building-integrated photovoltaics. However, their commercialization and potential applications are currently hindered greatly by photon reabsorption, where emitted waveguided light is parasitically reabsorbed by a luminophore. Nanotetrapod semiconductor materials have been theorized to be excellent luminophores for LSCs owing to their inherently large Stokes shifts.

The Rise and Future of Discrete Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Nanomaterials.

Hybrid nanomaterials (HNs), the combination of organic semiconductor ligands attached to nanocrystal semiconductor quantum dots, have applications that span a range of practical fields, including biology, chemistry, medical imaging, and optoelectronics. Specifically, HNs operate as discrete, tunable systems that can perform prompt fluorescence, energy transfer, singlet fission, upconversion, and/or thermally activated delayed fluorescence. Interest in HNs has naturally grown over the years due to their tunability and broad spectrum of applications.

Treatment management of infection complicated by severe immune reconstitution syndrome in two patients living with HIV.

Nontuberculosis mycobacterium are increasingly being identified as sources of disseminated infections in immunocompromised patients. These infections can be challenging to identify and treat due complexities of diagnosis and inherent resistance to many medications. We present two cases of patients with human immunodeficiency virus who had infections, complicated by immune reconstruction inflammatory syndrome (IRIS).

The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the antimicrobial stewardship pharmacist workforce: A multicenter survey.

Objective: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has required healthcare systems and hospitals to rapidly modify standard practice, including antimicrobial stewardship services. Our study examines the impact of COVID-19 on the antimicrobial stewardship pharmacist.

Design: A survey was distributed nationally to all healthcare improvement company members.

Sustained Reduction in Pulmonary Artery Pressures and Hospitalizations During 2 Years of Ambulatory Monitoring.

Background: Therapy guided by pulmonary artery (PA) pressure monitoring reduces PA pressures and heart failure hospitalizations (HFH) during the first year, but the durability of efficacy and safety through 2 years is not known.

Methods And Results: The CardioMEMS Post-Approval Study investigated whether benefit and safety were generalized and sustained. Enrollment at 104 centers in the United States included 1200 patients with NYHA Class III symptoms on recommended HF therapies with prior HFH.

Effects of remote haemodynamic-guided heart failure management in patients with different subtypes of pulmonary hypertension: insights from the MEMS-HF study.

Aim: The CardioMEMS European Monitoring Study for Heart Failure (MEMS-HF) investigated safety and efficacy of pulmonary artery pressure (PAP)-guided remote patient management (RPM) in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III outpatients with at least one heart failure hospitalization (HFH) during the previous 12 months. This pre-specified subgroup analysis investigated whether RPM effects depended on presence and subtype of pulmonary hypertension (PH).

Methods And Results: In 106/234 MEMS-HF participants, Swan-Ganz catheter tracings obtained during sensor implant were available for off-line manual analysis jointly performed by two experts.

Combined effects of eutrophication and warming on polyunsaturated fatty acids in complex phytoplankton communities: A mesocosm experiment.

Climate change and eutrophication are among the main stressors of shallow freshwater ecosystems, and their effects on phytoplankton community structure and primary production have been studied extensively. However, their combined effects on the algal production of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), specifically, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are currently unresolved. Moreover, the proximate reasons for changes in phytoplankton EPA and DHA concentrations are unclear, i.

Lymphocyte predominance in blood, pleural fluid, and tumour stroma; a prognostic marker in pleural mesothelioma.

Background: As promising novel treatments develop for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), early prognostication has become increasingly important. Circulating and local inflammatory cells are known to play a significant role in other tumour types. We assessed the proportion of lymphocyte populations within blood, pleural fluid and tumour stroma to prognosticate patients with MPM at diagnosis.

Point of Care Molecular Testing: Community-Based Rapid Next-Generation Sequencing to Support Cancer Care.

: Biomarker data are critical to the delivery of precision cancer care. The average turnaround of next-generation sequencing (NGS) reports is over 2 weeks, and in-house availability is typically limited to academic centers. Lengthy turnaround times for biomarkers can adversely affect outcomes.

Novel phenotypic feature in a patient with a recurrent NOTCH2 nonsense mutation.

Pathogenic variants in NOTCH2 which encodes a single-pass transmembrane protein have been identified as a cause of several autosomal dominant congenital disorders. In particular, truncating mutations in exon 34 have been found in patients with skeletal abnormalities and dysmorphic features. We describe a patient with a de novo variant in NOTCH2 who displayed features of both Hajdu-Cheney syndrome (HJCYS) and serpentine fibula-polycystic kidney syndrome (SFPKS).

Testing Algorithms for the Diagnosis of Malignant Glandular Tumors of the Uterine Cervix Histotyped per the International Endocervical Adenocarcinoma Criteria and Classification (IECC) System.

The International Endocervical adenocarcinoma Criteria and Classification (IECC) categorizes tumors into human papilloma virus (HPV) associated (HPVA), not associated (NHPV), and invasive adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified (IA NOS). HPVA and NHPV encompass 11 histotypes and an algorithm of mucin content, HPV ribonucleic acid (RNA), estrogen receptor and GATA3 is proposed for the diagnosis of most. In this study, the IECC algorithm's diagnoses were compared with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) based IECC histotyping.

Less loop diuretic use in patients on sacubitril/valsartan undergoing remote pulmonary artery pressure monitoring.

Aims: Control of pulmonary pressures monitored remotely reduced heart failure hospitalizations mainly by lowering filling pressures through the use of loop diuretics. Sacubitril/valsartan improves heart failure outcomes and increases the kidney sensitivity for diuretics. We explored whether sacubitril/valsartan is associated with less utilization of loop diuretics in patients guided with haemodynamic monitoring in the CardioMEMS European Monitoring Study for Heart Failure (MEMS-HF).