Cardiac myocyte KLF5 regulates body weight via alteration of cardiac FGF21.

Cardiac metabolism affects systemic energetic balance. Previously, we showed that Krüppel-like factor (KLF)-5 regulates cardiomyocyte PPARα and fatty acid oxidation-related gene expression in diabetes. We surprisingly found that cardiomyocyte-specific KLF5 knockout mice (αMHC-KLF5) have accelerated diet-induced obesity, associated with increased white adipose tissue (WAT).

Differential Response and Children Re-Reported to Child Protective Services: County Data From the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System (NCANDS).

Child protection systems that implement differential response (DR) systems screen to route referrals to an investigation response (IR) or alternative response (AR). AR responses emphasize family engagement, assessment of family needs, and service linkage. Usually, AR state-level policy does not require child welfare staff to make a maltreatment determination.

Restricting mitochondrial GRK2 post-ischemia confers cardioprotection by reducing myocyte death and maintaining glucose oxidation.

Increased abundance of GRK2 [G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) kinase 2] is associated with poor cardiac function in heart failure patients. In animal models, GRK2 contributes to the pathogenesis of heart failure after ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. In addition to its role in down-regulating activated GPCRs, GRK2 also localizes to mitochondria both basally and post-IR injury, where it regulates cellular metabolism.

Orthodontic care for underserved patients: professional attitudes and behavior of orthodontic residents and orthodontists.

Objectives: To explore whether orthodontic residents and orthodontists differ in their attitudes and behavior concerning the treatment of underserved patients and to investigate how background factors such as the providers' gender, ethnicity/race, and age affect these attitudes and behavior.

Materials And Methods: Survey data were collected from 135 residents in US and Canadian graduate orthodontic programs and from 568 active members of the American Association of Orthodontists. Attitudes toward various aspects of treating underserved patients were rated on a five-point scale, with 1 indicating the most negative attitude and 5 indicating the most positive.

Early identification of young children at risk for poor academic achievement: preliminary development of a parent-report prediction tool.

Background: Early school success is clearly related to later health. A prediction index that uses parent report to assess children's risk for poor academic achievement could potentially direct targeted service delivery to improve child outcomes.

Methods: We obtained risk factors through literature review and used the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 Child Files to examine the predictive associations of these factors with academic achievement scores.

Orthodontists' and orthodontic residents' education in treating underserved patients: effects on professional attitudes and behavior.

The U.S. surgeon general's report on oral health in 2000 stressed the importance of providing dental care for underserved patient groups.

A federal monitoring system for early adult health.

Federal statistical agencies have spent decades developing a robust system for monitoring the health of America's adolescents at the national and state levels. More recently, the health of young adults (roughly 18-24 years of age) has received greater attention in public health and health policy discussions, yet relatively little is known about the nation's capacity to effectively monitor the health of this age group. This article reviews existing federal data collection efforts and reporting systems to identify what pieces currently exist to support an effective health monitoring system for young adults and what is still needed, and makes recommendations for enhancing the current system by improving data access and quality.

Promoting equal developmental opportunity and outcomes among America's children and youth: results from the National Promises Study.

Building on a developmental framework positing five types of assets or inputs needed for children's development, referred to as promises, we investigated the extent to which American children and youth experience the five Promises articulated by the America's Promise Alliance. These are: (1) Caring Adults, (2) Safe Places and Constructive Use of Time, (3) A Healthy Start, (4) Effective Education, and (5) Opportunities to Make a Difference. Data came from a nationally representative poll designed to assess these five resources and involved more than 4,000 teenagers and their parents.

Chronic nicotine alters nicotinic receptor-induced presynaptic Ca2+ responses in isolated nerve terminals.

Brain nicotinic receptors display pronounced permeability for Ca2+ and localize to presynaptic nerve terminals, in addition to postsynaptic sites. Chronic exposure to nicotine has been shown to alter brain nicotinic receptor expression, but the functional consequences for presynaptic Ca2+ have not been directly examined. Here, we used confocal imaging to assess Ca2+ responses in individual nerve terminals from cortices of mice treated up to 14 days with nicotine as compared to vehicle-treated controls.