The Association Between Sex and Lung Cancer Screening Adherence to Follow-Up in a Cohort of Veterans.

The 2021 update to the United States Preventive Services Task Force guidelines for lung cancer screening (LCS) aims to reduce disparities derived from sex, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Few studies have addressed adherence to LCS among female Veterans. To evaluate differences in adherence to LCS by sex, we conducted a retrospective cohort study within the VA Connecticut LCS Program between June 2013 and March 2020.

Factors Associated With Influenza Vaccination in a National Veteran Cohort.

Introduction: Only 53% of American adults receive influenza vaccination, and disparities in vaccination exist among particular racial and ethnic groups. This study determines how race, ethnicity, sex, and rurality are associated with influenza vaccination adherence in a national Veteran Health Affairs Administration cohort.

Methods: The authors examined differences in documented influenza vaccinations for the 2019-2020 influenza season among Veteran Health Affairs Administration patients in a retrospective cohort study using Veteran Health Affairs Administration administrative electronic health record data.

Efficacy of Interventions Intended to Increase Lung Cancer Screening Rates: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Few eligible patients in the United States participate in lung cancer screening (LCS) with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT).

Objective: What is the efficacy of interventions to increase LCS participation?

Design: We performed a systematic review following a prespecified protocol registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021283984). In June/July of 2021, we searched Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, CENTRAL, ClinicalTrials.

Interstitial Lung Abnormality: Narrative Review of the Approach to Diagnosis and Management.

Topic Importance: As interstitial lung abnormalities (ILAs) are increasingly recognized on imaging and in clinical practice, identification and appropriate management are critical. We propose an algorithmic approach to the identification and management of patients with ILAs.

Review Findings: The radiologist initially identifies chest CT scan findings suggestive of an ILA pattern and excludes findings that are not consistent with ILAs.

Qualitative interviews for hospitalists addressing lung cancer screening.

Novel strategies are needed to improve low rates of lung cancer screening (LCS) in the US. Seeking to determine hospitalists' perspectives on leveraging hospitalizations to identify patients eligible for LCS, we performed qualitative interviews with eight hospitalists from two hospitals within a large integrated healthcare system. The interviews used semi-structured questions to assess (1) knowledge and practice of general screening and LCS guidelines from the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), (2) identification of smoking history, and (3) hospitalists' views on how data obtained during hospitalization may be utilized to improve general screening and LCS post hospitalization.

Evaluating the accuracy of lung-RADS score extraction from radiology reports: Manual entry versus natural language processing.

Introduction: Radiology scoring systems are critical to the success of lung cancer screening (LCS) programs, impacting patient care, adherence to follow-up, data management and reporting, and program evaluation. LungCT ScreeningReporting and Data System (Lung-RADS) is a structured radiology scoring system that provides recommendations for LCS follow-up that are utilized (a) in clinical care and (b) by LCS programs monitoring rates of adherence to follow-up. Thus, accurate reporting and reliable collection of Lung-RADS scores are fundamental components of LCS program evaluation and improvement.

Trends and predictors of Quality of Life in lung cancer survivors.

Introduction: Health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) is often impaired in lung cancer survivors. To inform personalized survivorship care, we identified associations between HR-QoL scores and patient-, tumor-, and treatment-factors over time.

Materials And Methods: We evaluated HR-QoL scores provided at diagnosis, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years from the Yale Lung Cancer Biorepository.

Ultralow-Dose Dynamic Expiratory CT and Repeated Imaging Enhance Evaluation for Tracheomalacia.

Objective: This study aims to determine if a novel imaging protocol (ultralow-dose dynamic expiratory computed tomography [CT] with repeated imaging) identifies tracheomalacia (TM) more reliably than traditional dynamic tracheal CT.

Methods: We performed a retrospective evaluation of 184 consecutive ultralow-dose dynamic CTs for TM during 2017. The protocol obtains images during 1 inspiration and 2 forced expirations.

Racial, Ethnic, and Rural Disparities in US Veteran COVID-19 Vaccine Rates.

Background: Race, ethnicity, and rurality-related disparities in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine uptake have been documented in the United States (US).

Objective: We determined whether these disparities existed among patients at the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), the largest healthcare system in the US.

Design Settings Participants Measurements: Using VA Corporate Data Warehouse data, we included 5,871,438 patients (9.

The Evaluation and Management of Visceral Complications in Radiation Fibrosis Syndrome Part 1.

Abstract: External beam ionizing radiation is a fundamental component of cancer treatment and is incorporated into approximately 50% of cancer treatments. Radiation therapy causes cell death directly by apoptosis and indirectly by disruption of mitosis.

Purpose Of Review: This study aims to inform rehabilitation clinicians of the visceral toxicities of radiation fibrosis syndrome and how to detect and diagnose these complications.

Lung cancer with air lucency: a systematic review and clinical management guide.

Background: Lung cancers with air lucency are poorly understood, often recognized only after substantial progression.

Methods: From a systematic review (PubMed and EMBASE, 2000-2022, terms related to cystic, cavitary, bulla, pseudocavitary, bubble-like, date 10-30-2022) 49 studies were selected using broad inclusion criteria (case series of ≥10 cases up to trials and reviews). There was no source of funding.

Cancer-related Fatigue in Lung Cancer: A Research Agenda: An Official American Thoracic Society Research Statement.

Fatigue is the most common symptom among cancer survivors. Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) may occur at any point in the cancer care continuum. Multiple factors contribute to CRF development and severity, including cancer type, treatments, presence of other symptoms, comorbidities, and medication side effects.

Characteristics Associated with Spirometry Guideline Adherence in VA Patients Hospitalized with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Background: The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) recommends at least annual spirometry for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Since spirometry acquisition is variable in clinical practice, identifying characteristics associated with annual spirometry may inform strategies to improve care for patients with COPD.

Methods: We included veterans hospitalized for COPD at Veterans Health Administration (VHA) facilities from 10/2012 to 09/2015.

Comorbidity and life expectancy in shared decision making for lung cancer screening.

Shared decision making (SDM) is an important part of lung cancer screening (LCS) that includes discussing the risks and benefits of screening, potential outcomes, patient eligibility and willingness to participate, tobacco cessation, and tailoring a strategy to an individual patient. More than other cancer screening tests, eligibility for LCS is nuanced, incorporating the patient's age as well as tobacco use history and overall health status. Since comorbidities and multimorbidity (ie, 2 or more comorbidities) impact the risks and benefits of LCS, these topics are a fundamental part of decision-making.

Barriers and facilitators to lung cancer screening and follow-up.

Two randomized trials have shown that lung cancer screening (LCS) with low dose computed tomography (LDCT) reduces lung cancer mortality in patients at high-risk for lung malignancy by identifying early-stage cancers, when local cure and control is achievable. The implementation of LCS in the United States has revealed multiple barriers to preventive cancer care. Rates of LCS are disappointingly low with estimates between 5%-18% of eligible patients screened.

Evidence of Racial Disparities in the Lung Cancer Screening Process: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Annual lung cancer screening (LCS) with low-dose chest computed tomography for high-risk individuals reduces lung cancer mortality, with greater reduction observed in Black participants in clinical trials. While racial disparities in lung cancer mortality exist, less is known about disparities in LCS participation. We conducted a systematic review to explore LCS participation in Black compared with White patients in the USA.

A guide for managing patients with stage I NSCLC: deciding between lobectomy, segmentectomy, wedge, SBRT and ablation-part 4: systematic review of evidence involving SBRT and ablation.

Background: Clinical decision-making for patients with stage I lung cancer is complex. It involves multiple options [lobectomy, segmentectomy, wedge, stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), thermal ablation], weighing multiple outcomes (e.g.

A guide for managing patients with stage I NSCLC: deciding between lobectomy, segmentectomy, wedge, SBRT and ablation-part 3: systematic review of evidence regarding surgery in compromised patients or specific tumors.

Background: Clinical decision-making for patients with stage I lung cancer is complex. It involves multiple options [lobectomy, segmentectomy, wedge, stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), thermal ablation], weighing multiple outcomes (e.g.

A guide for managing patients with stage I NSCLC: deciding between lobectomy, segmentectomy, wedge, SBRT and ablation-part 2: systematic review of evidence regarding resection extent in generally healthy patients.

Background: Clinical decision-making for patients with stage I lung cancer is complex. It involves multiple options (lobectomy, segmentectomy, wedge, stereotactic body radiotherapy, thermal ablation), weighing multiple outcomes (e.g.

A guide for managing patients with stage I NSCLC: deciding between lobectomy, segmentectomy, wedge, SBRT and ablation-part 1: a guide to decision-making.

Background: Clinical decision-making for patients with stage I lung cancer is complex. It involves multiple options (lobectomy, segmentectomy, wedge, Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy, thermal ablation), weighing multiple outcomes (e.g.

Racial Differences in Adherence to Lung Cancer Screening Follow-up: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: In 2013, the United States Preventive Services Taskforce instituted recommendations for annual lung cancer screening (LCS) with low-dose chest CT imaging for high-risk individuals. LCS reduces lung cancer mortality, with greater reduction observed in Black participants in clinical trials. Although racial disparities in lung cancer mortality have been well documented, less is known about disparities in LCS participation and adherence to follow-up in clinical practice.

"Randomized trial of physical activity on quality of life and lung cancer biomarkers in patients with advanced stage lung cancer: a pilot study".

Background: Lung cancer survivors need more options to improve quality of life (QoL). It is unclear to what extent patients with advanced stage disease are willing to participate in home-based physical activity (PA) and if these interventions improve QoL. The goal of our study was to determine interest in participating in our 3-month home-based walking regimen in patients with advanced stage lung cancer.