Assessment of two non-invasive techniques for measuring turbulent benthic fluxes in a shallow lake.

Benthic fluxes refer to the exchange rates of nutrients and other compounds between the water column and the sediment bed in aquatic ecosystems. Their quantification contributes to our understanding of aquatic ecosystem functioning. Near-bed hydrodynamics plays an important role at the sediment-water interface, especially in shallow lakes, but it is poorly considered by traditional measuring techniques of flux quantification, such as sediment incubations.

The amnesic shellfish poisoning toxin, domoic acid: The tattoo of the king scallop Pecten maximus.

Domoic acid (DA) is a potent neurotoxin produced by diatoms of the genus Pseudo-nitzschia and is responsible for Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning (ASP) in humans. Some fishery resources of high commercial value, such as the king scallop Pecten maximus, are frequently exposed to toxic Pseudo-nitzschia blooms and are capable of accumulating high amounts of DA, retaining it for months or even a few years. This poses a serious threat to public health and a continuous economical risk due to fishing closures of this resource in the affected areas.

How to define failure of intradetrusor injections of botulinum toxin A for neurogenic detrusor overactivity.

Introduction: Neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) has a major impact on patients' quality of life and can lead to upper urinary tract complications. Intradetrusor botulinum toxin type A injections are administered as second-line treatment to these patients following the failure of anticholinergic agents. The aim of the DETOX 2 study is to propose a consensus definition of the failure of intradetrusor botulinum toxin injections for NDO in patients presenting spinal cord injury, spina bifida, or multiple sclerosis (MS) with self-catheterization.

Novel halogenated flame retardants in Canadian human milk from the MIREC study (2008-2011).

Novel halogenated flame retardants (NHFRs) have been developed to replace those brominated flame retardants that have been restricted due to their persistence, bioaccumulation potential and toxicity, therefore, it is important to determine whether these replacement products are present at detectable concentrations in Canadians. NHFRs were measured in human milk samples (n = 541) collected from across Canada between 2008 and 2011, which is the first pan-Canadian dataset for these chemicals in human milk. Among the 15 measured NHFRs and eight methoxy-polybrominated diphenyl ethers (MeO-PBDEs), nine NHFRs and two MeO-PBDEs (6-MeO-PBDE 47 and 2-MeO-PBDE 68) were detected at a frequency of more than 9%.

Differences in mirex [dechlorane] and dechlorane plus [syn- and anti-] concentrations observed in Canadian human milk.

As part of the pan-Canadian Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) study, human milk samples were collected between 2008 and 2011, and analyzed for mirex, an organochlorine insecticide and flame retardant, in addition to dechlorane plus (syn- and anti-DDC-CO), the flame retardant replacement for mirex. Mirex was analyzed separately, using a method for the analysis of existing organochlorine insecticides, while the presence of DDC-CO isomers was determined using a method developed for the detection of emerging flame retardants. Mirex was detected in all samples analyzed (n = 298), while syn- and anti-DDC-CO were present in 61.

Influence of urodynamic conditions on bladder sensations and detrusor activity in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Aims: The study aimed to assess the impact of bladder filling rate and fluid temperature during urodynamics on bladder sensations and volume of apparition of detrusor overactivity in patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS).

Methods: Consecutive PwMS assessed with a standardized urodynamic test including three consecutive cystometries (20 ml/min, 100 ml/min, and 100 ml/min with 4°C fluid (Ice water test [IWT]) between June 2020 and March 2022 were included in this retrospective study. Data collected were bladder sensation with first desire to void (FDV) and strong desire to void (SDV).

[Analysis of anorectal manometry data in central and peripheral neurological deseases: Review of the literature].

Introduction: Peripheral or central neurological deseases are providers of anorectal disorders of variable clinical expression (constipation, dyschezia, faecal incontinence (FI)…). Anorectal manometry (ARM) participates in their exploration to determine the underlying mechanisms, guide and optimize treatments. The objective of this work was to determine if there is a pattern of ARM data in neurological populations.

[Is pressure transmission quality during cystometry dependent on the type of effort?].

Introduction: The International Continence Society (ICS) recommends a control of the good pressure transmission by a coughing effort during cystometry. While poor transmission is sometimes observed in routine practice, other maneuvers can also be proposed. The main objective of this study was to determine if there is a better maneuver to evaluate the pressure transmission ratio between the abdominal cavity and the bladder.

Aqua: A new questionnaire assessing anticholinergic side effects in neurogenic population (Aqua: Anticholinergic side effects questionnaire).

Aims: Validate a new questionnaire to assess the side effects secondary to anticholinergics in neurogenic population suffering from Adult neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (ANLUTD).

Methods: We conducted a prospective, monocentric study in a Neuro-urology Department of a University Hospital between February 2015 and April 2020. To allow a full psychometric validation of a questionnaire, the study protocol included 3 steps: qualitative interviews, feasibility study and validation study.

Is There a Relationship Between Overactive Bladder and Sexual Dysfunction in Women With Multiple Sclerosis?

Background: Lower urinary tract Symptoms (LUTS) and Sexual dysfunction (SD) are common in women with MS and affect quality of life.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between sexual dysfunction (SD) and overactive bladder in women with Multiple Sclerosis (MS).

Methods: From January 2019 to January 2021, we evaluated 89 female MS patients admitted for LUTS in a Neuro-Urology Department.

Transanal Irrigation for Neurogenic Bowel Dysfunction in Multiple Sclerosis: A Retrospective Study.

Background/aims: Sixty-eight percent of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients suffer from neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD). Transanal irrigation (TAI) is part of the therapeutic strategy. This retrospective study aims to assess the efficacy of TAI in MS population.

Fecal incontinence subtype assessment (FI-SA): A new tool to distinguish among subtypes of fecal incontinence in a neurogenic population.

Introduction: Two subtypes of fecal incontinence (FI) are defined in the literature (urge and passive FI). The pertinence of this classification is unknown due to conflicting findings and heterogeneity of definitions. However, no questionnaire is available to clearly classify patients among subtypes.

In multiple sclerosis, a Functional Independence Measure ≥ 107 is the best predictor of outcome after clean intermittent catheterization training.

Background: Assessment of motor and cognitive functions is recommended before clean intermittent catheterization training. Two validated instruments, the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and the Pencil and Paper Test (PP-Test), are associated with the ability to learn self-catheterization in people with multiple sclerosis.

Objectives: We aimed to compare the performance of these tools in predicting the outcome of clean intermittent catheterization training in multiple sclerosis.

In silico QTL mapping in an oil palm breeding program reveals a quantitative and complex genetic resistance to .

Unlabelled: Basal stem rot caused by is the major threat to oil palm cultivation in Southeast Asia, which accounts for 80% of palm oil production worldwide, and this disease is increasing in Africa. The use of resistant planting material as part of an integrated pest management of this disease is one sustainable solution. However, breeding for resistance requires long-term and costly research, which could greatly benefit from marker-assisted selection (MAS).

Assessment of sacral spinal excitability using stimulus-response curves of the bulbocavernosus reflex.

Objective: To analyze and quantify sacral spinal excitability through bulbocavernosus reflex (BCR) stimulus-response curves.

Methods: Thirty subjects with upper motor neuron lesions (UMN) and nine controls were included in this prospective, monocentric study. Sacral spinal excitability was assessed using stimulus-response curves of the BCR, modeled at different bladder filling volumes relative to the desire to void (as defined by the International Continence Society) during a cystometry.

Adherence to transanal irrigation in older adults: first-year assessment.

Background: While the prevalence of chronic constipation and fecal incontinence increases with age, few data on transanal irrigation in older adults are available. The aim of this study was to assess the adherence and predictive factors for adherence to transanal irrigation during the first year of use in older adults.

Methods: This retrospective study included all patients over 65 years old, who had therapeutic education for transanal irrigation with the Peristeen® device between January 2010 and July 2019 in a neuro-urology department of a university hospital in France.

Functional independence measure predicts the outcome of clean intermittent catheterization training in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Background: Clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) is the reference treatment of urinary retention in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). Predicting which patients could use this treatment, based on their motor and cognitive abilities, is crucial.

Objectives: To determine whether the Functional Independence Measure (FIM), used to assess degree of disability, can predict the outcome of CIC training in pwMS.

Prevalence of comorbidities in multiple sclerosis patients with neurogenic bladder.

Aims: The aim of this study was to define the prevalence of comorbidities among multiple sclerosis patients with lower urinary tract symptoms.

Methods: A retrospective study of data collected prospectively from January 2000 to March 2016 was carried out using a database. Comorbidities were divided into several classes according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10).

Determinants and impact of the time to perform clean intermittent self-catheterization on patient adherence and quality of life: A prospective observational study.

Aims: To measure the time required to perform clean intermittent self-catheterization (CISC) in daily life and to assess its impact on adherence and quality of life.

Methods: Patients performing CISC for more than 1 month were invited to participate. At home, patients were asked to complete a 1-day diary to assess the specific duration of the CISC (time from when the equipment and environment are brought together to perform CISC) and the next day to complete a second diary for the total duration of the CISC (starting when the patient intent to self-catheterize to the return to the initial activity, including the displacement, and gathering the required device).

Efficiency and satisfaction with telephone consultation of follow-up patients in neuro-urology: Experience of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Aim: The COVID-19 pandemic led to limit patients' visits to the neuro-urology department. Telemedicine was seen as a pragmatic solution to provide follow-up care. This study aimed to assess the efficiency and satisfaction of a telephone consultation in neuro-urology.

Verbal instruction to obtain voluntary pelvic floor muscle contraction: Acceptability, and understanding.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe verbal instructions used to obtain a voluntary pelvic floor muscle contraction and to evaluate their understanding and acceptability.

Methods: This prospective study led in two phases. A questionnaire was submitted to experts to collect the most frequently used instructions to obtain a PFMC.

Anterior Bilateral Sacrospinous Fixation With Transvaginal Mesh: Is Hysterectomy a Risk Factor for Complications?

Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of hysterectomy on the risk of complications from transvaginal pelvic organ prolapse surgery with mesh.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study between October 2010 and December 2017. Transvaginal mesh surgery was performed in patients with symptomatic anterior and/or apical prolapse (Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification ≥ stage 2).

External Anal Sphincter Fatigability: An Electromyographic and Manometric Study in Patients With Anorectal Disorders.

Background/aims: External anal sphincter (EAS) plays an important role in fecal and gas voluntary continence. Like every muscle, it can be affected by repeated efforts due to fatigability (physiological response) and/or fatigue (pathological response). No standardized fatiguing protocol and measure method to assess EAS fatigability has existed.

Short-term reproducibility of cystometry in multiple sclerosis patients.

Objective: To assess the reproducibility of detrusor activity cystometric pattern in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, which is poorly documented in the medical literature, by means of successive filling.

Methods: We conducted a prospective study in MS patients; cystometry was repeated twice at 5minutes of interval if a detrusor overactivity before 300mL of filling was observed. Thus, 3 successive cystometries were analysed.