The Behavior of Nasopharynx Malignancies: a Retrospective Study in a Ten-Year Sample.

Objectives: Malignant tumors of the nasopharynx make up 3% of malignancies in the ENT area. The most common nasopharyngeal malignancy is nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), followed by lymphomas. Other nasopharyngeal tumors are very rare.

Newborn Hearing Screening - An Implementation Analysis.

Background/aim: Hearing impairment affects a small but significant percentage of newborns (0.1-0.4%).

The impact of obesity, age, and gender on plasmatic levels of selected glycoprotein biomarkers and miRNA-499 in OSA patients.

Background: The current obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) diagnostic uses polysomnography or limited polygraphy and requires specialized personnel and technical equipment. Glycoprotein biomarkers and microRNAs are being explored as a possible new method for screening. We aimed to evaluate whether certain biomarkers and microRNA, previously identified as related to OSA, could be influenced by factors such as gender, age, and obesity level in patients with OSA.

Preoperative percutaneous Onyx embolization of carotid body paragangliomas with balloon test occlusion.

Objectives: The study aims to analyze our first experience with direct percutaneous embolization of carotid body tumors (CBTs) using ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (Onyx) along with balloon test occlusion (BTO).

Methods: A retrospective preliminary single-center study was conducted at the Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Department and the Medical Imaging Department of the University Teaching Hospital. A consecutive series of three patients with CBTs was treated at the local institution between October 2018 and June 2019.

Prevalence of Fabry disease in men with tinnitus and sensorineural hearing loss.

Fabry disease (FD) is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by pathogenic mutations in the alpha-galactosidase A (AGALA) encoding gene region. This rare disease affects several organs including the cochlea-vestibular system. Tinnitus and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) are reported among otoneurological symptoms.

Gene Mutations in Circulating Tumour DNA as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker in Head and Neck Cancer-A Systematic Review.

(1) Background: Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most common malignancies globally. An early diagnosis of this disease is crucial, and the detection of gene mutations in circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) through a liquid biopsy is a promising non-invasive diagnostic method. This review aims to provide an overview of ctDNA mutations in HNSCC patients and discuss the potential use of this tool in diagnosis and prognosis.

Salivary microRNAs identified by small RNA sequencing as potential predictors of response to intensity-modulated radiotherapy in head and neck cancer patients.

Purpose: Progress in radiation therapy of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) is logically linked to the development of molecular predictors that would help to enhance individually tailored treatment. MicroRNA (miRNA) expression profiles in tumors have repeatedly been tested to optimize the molecular diagnostics of HNSCC. In addition to tumor tissues, miRNAs are stably present in body fluids, including saliva, and can thus be collected non-invasively.

Diagnostics of retrocochlear hearing loss.

Diagnosis of retrocochlear lesions is a relatively frequent issue of otolaryngological practice, the omission of which may have serious consequences for the patient. Properly set clinical guidelines and diagnostic protocols are thus one of the key aspects of good clinical practice. There are two methods available: the first is an audiological diagnosis with ABR as the primary tool to determine a group of patients with a possible tumour with subsequent MRI; the second is to examine the MRI in each patient with a clinical suspicion of a CPA tumour.

Implantable bone conduction hearing systems.

Implantable bone conduction hearing systems are intended for patients with a conductive or mixed hearing loss, in whom other treatment options do not provide sufficient benefits or are contraindicated. In general, they are called BAHDs (bone-anchored hearing devices) and they transform acoustic energy into vibrations transferred by a titanium implant through cranial bones to cochlea and fluids of the inner ear. The implantable bone conduction hearing systems are classified as passive and active based on the location of the vibration unit.

Biomarkers - a possibility for monitoring of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

Objectives: Sleep apnea syndrome affects approximately 4% of adult males and 2% of adult females. It is associated with significant cardio-, cerebrovascular, metabolic and hormonal comorbidities and ranks among the more expensive medical specialties due to the requirement of high-quality technical diagnostic and therapeutic equipment as well as well-educated and experienced personnel. The aim of this study is to detect the relationship between C-reactive protein (CRP), pentraxin-3 (PTX-3), interleukin 6 (IL6), high-sensitivity troponin I (hsTnI), brain natriuretic protein (BNP) and galectin-3 serum levels and obstru-ctive sleep apnea syndrome.

Improved prediction of CPAP failure using T90, age and gender.

Sleep apnea syndrome is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. In treating older patients, there is a special emphasis put on minimally invasive and conservative procedures and a simple method for predicting the potential for treatment success is essential. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the first choice for treatment, however, it is not always successful.

Potential of the Flavonoid Quercetin to Prevent and Treat Cancer - Current Status of Research.

Naturally occurring bioactive compounds are promising candidates to prevent and treat cancer. Quercetin is a well-known plant flavonoid that is reported to have anticancer actions in vitro and in vivo. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms underlying the chemopreventive effect of quercetin and its therapeutic potential in oncology.

Diagnosis of retrocochlear lesions with emphasis on expansion of the cerebellopontine angle.

The correct diagnosis of CPA tumours is a relatively common issue in both neurological and ENT practice, the omission of which can have serious consequences for the patient. Properly set clinical guidelines and diagnostic protocols are key aspects of good clinical practice. In the case of CPA tumours, two options are available: the first is diagnosis with the help of an ABR as the primary tool for determining the group of patients with a possible tumour; the second is an MRI scan of the posterior cranial fossa.

Prognostic value of c-MET in head and neck cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of aggregate data.

Objectives: The hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (c-MET) ligand/receptor axis has been implicated in pathogenesis of malignant diseases including squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). Overexpression of c-MET has been reported as a common molecular abnormality in SCCHN, although its prognostic and predictive value remains to be validated.

Methods: We systematically searched literature for studies evaluating c-MET expression on immunohistochemistry in newly diagnosed, non-metastatic SCCHN.

[Can fish oil improve wound healing in surgery?].

Unlabelled: A surgical insult induces both local and systemic inflammatory responses which, if inappropriate, could impair wound healing. According to many studies ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids from fish oil improve the process of wound healing by their immunomodulatory effect. In contrast to current anti-inflammatory drugs, which could alter immune defence and impair the resolution of inflammation, ω-3 fatty acids have a simultaneous anti-inflammatory pro-resolution effect which is not immunosuppressive.

[Importance of taste in maintaining homeostasis and pathological impact of orosensory reflexes distraction in relation to sweet taste after non-caloric sweeteners consumption].

Taste signals and their reflexes have important signalling function in nature. They protect organism against toxic substances in food with help of taste aversion, they help to cope nutrition deficiencies through taste preferences, on the other hand, they act in many postprandial reflexes to maintain energy homeostasis. It is well-known that sweet taste is important oro-sensory stimulus for mammals.

Elevated malondialdehyde correlates with the extent of primary tumor and predicts poor prognosis of oropharyngeal cancer.

The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between plasma levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), a routinely used marker of oxidative stress, and squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and oropharynx (OSCC). The prospective cohort study comprised a total of 67 patients who underwent surgery for OSCC. MDA was assessed using high performance liquid chromatography.