Zinc oxide nanoparticles application alleviates salinity stress by modulating plant growth, biochemical attributes and nutrient homeostasis in L.

Salt stress poses a significant challenge to global agriculture, adversely affecting crop yield and food production. The current study investigates the potential of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) in mitigating salt stress in common beans. Salt-stressed bean plants were treated with varying concentrations of NPs (25 mg/L, 50 mg/L, 100 mg/L, 200 mg/L) using three different application methods: foliar application, nano priming, and soil application.

Molecular cloning and characterization of heat-responsive LcOPR1, a gene encoding oxophytodienoic acid reductase in lentil.

Improving crop plants using biotechnological implications is a promising and modern approach compared to traditional methods. High-temperature exposure to the reproductive stage induces flower abortion and declines grain filling performance, leading to smaller grain production and low yield in lentil and other legumes. Thus, cloning effective candidate genes and their implication in temperature stress tolerance in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.

An assessment of the impact of traditional rice cooking practice and eating habits on arsenic and iron transfer into the food chain of smallholders of Indo-Gangetic plain of South-Asia: Using AMMI and Monte-Carlo simulation model.

The current study was designed to investigate the consequences of rice cooking and soaking of cooked rice (CR) with or without arsenic (As) contaminated water on As and Fe (iron) transfer to the human body along with associated health risk assessment using additive main-effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) and Monte Carlo Simulation model. In comparison to raw rice, As content in cooked rice (CR) and soaked cooked rice (SCR) enhanced significantly (at p < 0.05 level), regardless of rice cultivars and locations (at  <  level) due to the use of As-rich water for cooking and soaking purposes.

Interplay among photoreceptors determines the strategy of coping with excess light in tomato.

This study investigates photoreceptor's role in the adaption of photosynthetic apparatus to high light (HL) intensity by examining the response of tomato wild type (WT) (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Moneymaker) and tomato mutants (phyA, phyB1, phyB2, cry1) plants to HL.

Shoot transcriptome revealed widespread differential expression and potential molecular mechanisms of chickpea ( L.) against wilt.

Introduction: The yield of chickpea is severely hampered by infection wilt caused by several races of f. sp.

Methods: To understand the underlying molecular mechanisms of resistance against wilt, RNA sequencing-based shoot transcriptome data of two contrasting chickpea genotypes, namely KWR 108 (resistant) and GL 13001 (susceptible), were generated and analyzed.

Improvement of soil health and nutrient transformations under balanced fertilization with integrated nutrient management in a rice-wheat system in Indo-Gangetic Plains - A 34-year Research outcomes.

The impact of integrated nutrient management seems crucial for the sustainability of crop production as revealed by studies on long-term experiments. It provided the opportunity to monitor long-term variations in crop yields and associated factors. The impacts of various nutrient management strategies on yields and soil attributes in a rice-wheat system have been researched under a long-term experiment that has been running since 1983 at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana.

Effect of copper oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles on photosynthesis and physiology of Raphanus sativus L. under salinity stress.

The study evaluates the impact of two metal oxide nanoparticles: copper oxide (CuO) and zinc oxide (ZnO) on the growth and physiology of Raphanus sativus L. (radish) under salinity stress. Fifteen days old seedlings of R.

Selenium - An environmentally friendly micronutrient in agroecosystem in the modern era: An overview of 50-year findings.

Agricultural productivity is constantly being forced to maintain yield stability to feed the enormously growing world population. However, shrinking arable and nutrient-deprived soil and abiotic and biotic stressor (s) in different magnitudes put additional challenges to achieving global food security. Though well-defined, the concept of macro, micronutrients, and beneficial elements is from a plant nutritional perspective.

Cultivar-dependent and drought-induced modulation of secondary metabolites, adaptative defense in L.

The present study investigates the biochemical responses of buckwheat to drought stress, particularly focusing on phenolic acids and flavonoids, abundant in this crop. We hypothesize that distinct genotypic responses to drought stress will lead to variations in phenolic acid accumulation. Two common buckwheat cultivars, Panda (East European origin) and PI 482597 (originating from Zimbabwe), were subjected to drought treatment, with biochemical traits, relative water content, and photosynthetic pigments regularly assessed.

Thylakoid membrane appression in the giant chloroplast of Selaginella martensii Spring: A lycophyte challenges grana paradigms in shade-adapted species.

In vascular plants, the thylakoid architecture is dominated by the highly structured multiple membrane layers known as grana. The structural diversity of the thylakoid system among plant species is mainly determined by the adaptation to the growth light regime, according to a paradigm stating that shade-tolerant species are featured by a high membrane extension with an enhanced number of thylakoid layers per granum. In this study, the thylakoid system was analysed in Selaginella martensii Spring, a shade-adapted rainforest species belonging to lycophytes, a diminutive plant lineage, sister clade of all other vascular plants (euphyllophytes, including ferns and seed plants).

Corrigendum: Foliar application of putrescine alleviates terminal drought stress by modulating water status, membrane stability, and yield- related traits in wheat ( L.).

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.

Glutathione-mediated changes in productivity, photosynthetic efficiency, osmolytes, and antioxidant capacity of common beans () grown under water deficit.

Globally, salinity and drought are severe abiotic stresses that presently threaten vegetable production. This study investigates the potential exogenously-applied glutathione (GSH) to relieve water deficits on plants cultivated in saline soil conditions (6.22 dS m) by evaluating agronomic, stability index of membrane, water satatus, osmolytes, and antioxidant capacity responses.

Silicon nanoparticles: Comprehensive review on biogenic synthesis and applications in agriculture.

Recent advancements in nanotechnology have opened new advances in agriculture. Among other nanoparticles, silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs), due to their unique physiological characteristics and structural properties, offer a significant advantage as nanofertilizers, nanopesticides, nanozeolite and targeted delivery systems in agriculture. Silicon nanoparticles are well known to improve plant growth under normal and stressful environments.

Rhizobium as Biotechnological Tools for Green Solutions: An Environment-Friendly Approach for Sustainable Crop Production in the Modern Era of Climate Change.

Modern and industrialized agriculture enhanced farm output during the last few decades, but it became possible at the cost of agricultural sustainability. Industrialized agriculture focussed only on the increase in crop productivity and the technologies involved were supply-driven, where enough synthetic chemicals were applied and natural resources were overexploited with the erosion of genetic diversity and biodiversity. Nitrogen is an essential nutrient required for plant growth and development.

Foliar application of putrescine alleviates terminal drought stress by modulating water status, membrane stability, and yield- related traits in wheat ( L.).

Drought stress is one of the major limitations to the growth and yield productivity of cereal crops. It severely impairs the early growing and grain -filling stages of wheat. Therefore, cost- effective and eco-friendly approaches for alleviating drought stress in cereal crops are in high demand.

Detection of water deficit conditions in different soils by comparative analysis of standard precipitation index and normalized difference vegetation index.

The detection of water deficit conditions in different soils of Prakasam district, Andhra Pradesh, India was assessed in consecutive two seasons of 2017-18 to 2019-20 cropping seasons using combined indicators developed from Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Historical rainfall data during the study period of 56 administrative units were analyzed by using R software and derived three-month SPI. The MODIS satellite data from 2007 to 2020 was downloaded out of which the first ten years' data was used as mean monthly NDVI and the remaining period data was used to derive the anomaly index for the specific month.

Normalized difference vegetation index sensor-based nitrogen management in bread wheat ( L.): Nutrient uptake, use efficiency, and partial nutrient balance.

The present experiment was conducted to assess the impact of fixed and variable doses (using a normalized difference vegetation index-sensor) of nitrogen (N) on wheat yields, nutrient uptake, nitrogen use efficiency, and soil nitrogen balance through the optimization of nitrogen dose. There were 10 treatments based on fixed and variable doses with different splits, and each treatment was replicated three times under a randomized complete block design. The treatments comprised fixed doses of 120 and 150 kg N ha with different splits; variable doses based on sensor readings after application of 60, 90, and 120 kg N ha; 225 kg N ha as a nitrogen-rich control; and no application of nitrogen as the absolute control.

Long-Term Alleviation of the Functional Phenotype in Chlorophyll-Deficient Wheat and Impact on Productivity: A Semi-Field Phenotyping Experiment.

Wheat mutants with a reduced chlorophyll synthesis are affected by a defective control of the photosynthetic electron flow, but tend to recover a wild-type phenotype. The sensitivity of some mutants to light fluctuations suggested that cultivation outdoors could significantly impact productivity. Six mutant lines of or with their respective wild-type cultivars were cultivated with a regular seasonal cycle (October-May) in a semi-field experiment.

The intertwining of Zn-finger motifs and abiotic stress tolerance in plants: Current status and future prospects.

Environmental stresses such as drought, high salinity, and low temperature can adversely modulate the field crop's ability by altering the morphological, physiological, and biochemical processes of the plants. It is estimated that about 50% + of the productivity of several crops is limited due to various types of abiotic stresses either presence alone or in combination (s). However, there are two ways plants can survive against these abiotic stresses; a) through management practices and b) through adaptive mechanisms to tolerate plants.

Harnessing on Genetic Variability and Diversity of Rice ( L.) Genotypes Based on Quantitative and Qualitative Traits for Desirable Crossing Materials.

Yield is a complex parameter of rice due to its polygonal nature, sometimes making it difficult to coat the selection process in the breeding program. In the current study, 34 elite rice genotypes were assessed to evaluate 3 locations for the selection of desirable rice cultivars suitable for multiple environments based on genetic diversity. In variance analysis, all genotypes have revealed significant variations ( ≤ 0.

RAP2.6 enhanced salt stress tolerance by reducing Na accumulation and stabilizing the electron transport in Arabidopsis thaliana.

The transcription factors of the AP2/ERF family are involved in plant growth and development and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Here, we found RAP2.6, a transcription factor which belongs to the ERF subfamily, was responsive to salt stress in Arabidopsis.

Salinity-Induced Physiological Changes in Pea ( L.): Germination Rate, Biomass Accumulation, Relative Water Content, Seedling Vigor and Salt Tolerance Index.

Salinity affects and limits the yield potential of pulse crops. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the salinity-induced physiological response of field peas by estimating the germination rate (%), accumulation of biomass, relative water content, and seedling vigor and salt tolerance index. The treatments included four salinity levels (NaCl) (i.