A multi-institutional pediatric dataset of clinical radiology MRIs by the Children's Brain Tumor Network.

Pediatric brain and spinal cancers remain the leading cause of cancer-related death in children. Advancements in clinical decision-support in pediatric neuro-oncology utilizing the wealth of radiology imaging data collected through standard care, however, has significantly lagged other domains. Such data is ripe for use with predictive analytics such as artificial intelligence (AI) methods, which require large datasets.

A novel strategy to optimize critical information on over the counter labels for older adults.

Background And Aims: Labels designed to communicate critical information are paramount for the safe and effective use of over-the-counter medications; in recognition of this, the content and formatting of over the counter (OTC) labels sold in interstate commerce has been regulated for decades. Yet, available studies suggest that consumers frequently rely on limited information during decision making, failing to access the information required in the Drug Facts Label. This is particularly important for older consumers, who are at greater risk for adverse reactions to medicines.

Up to One-Half of Runners Return to Running One Year After Arthroscopic Partial Meniscectomy.

Purpose: To determine whether, and at which frequency, runners return to running after undergoing arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (APM).

Methods: We identified patients who underwent surgery between August 2012 and December 2019 who were classified as runners (defined as running 2+ times per week according to Marx Activity Rating Scale Q1) and completed the 1-year follow-up to assess outcomes. Patients were followed using the Marx Activity Rating Scale, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Veterans RAND 12-item Health Survey mental and physical components, and visual analog pain scale scores preoperatively and 1 and 2 years postoperatively.

The aging athlete.

Aging athletes, those 60 years and older, are a growing population of mature, active individuals who value sports and exercise participation throughout their lifespan. Although recommendations for younger and masters athletes have been extrapolated to this population, there remains a paucity of specific guidelines, treatment algorithms, and considerations for aging athletes. The benefits of living an active lifestyle must be weighed against the risks for unique cardiovascular, metabolic, and musculoskeletal injuries requiring diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.

Identifying over-the-counter information to prioritize for the purpose of reducing adverse drug reactions in older adults: A national survey of pharmacists.

Background: Over-the-counter (OTC) medication use is associated with risks of adverse drug reactions (ADRs), particularly among older adults. The Drug Facts Label (DFL) is supposed to provide consumers with information that would avoid ADRs, yet research suggests that consumers frequently fail to interact with this critical information. We postulate that emphasizing critical information by placing it on the front of the package may increase its usage.

Implementation of a pharmacist and student pharmacist-led primary care service to identify and treat rural veterans at risk for osteoporotic fracture.

Objective: To develop and implement a pharmacist and student pharmacist-led osteoporosis service to increase dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) screening rates among rural veterans and treat those at high risk of osteoporotic fractures.

Practice Description: Pharmacists are uniquely positioned to provide direct patient care in the Department of Veterans Affairs ambulatory care setting owing to their broad scope of practice. Clinical Pharmacy Specialists (CPSs) have the authority to order laboratory tests and imaging, prescribe medications, refer patients to specialty services, and monitor patients along with the primary care team.

Impact of a pilot community pharmacy system redesign on reducing over-the-counter medication misuse in older adults.

Background: No interventions have attempted to decrease misuse of over-the-counter (OTC) medications for adults aged 65 years or older (older adults) by addressing system barriers. An innovative structural pharmacy redesign (the Senior Section) was conceptualized to increase awareness of higher-risk OTC medications. The Senior Section contains a curated selection of OTC medications and is close to the prescription department to facilitate pharmacy staff-patient engagement to reduce misuse.

Exertional Heat Stroke at the Boston Marathon: Demographics and the Environment.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess associations between exertional heat stroke (EHS) and sex, age, prior performance, and environmental conditions, and report on resources needed for EHS cases at the Boston Marathon.

Methods: We analyzed participant characteristics, environmental data, and EHS medical encounters during the 2015-2019 Boston Marathon races.

Results: Among 136,161 starters, there was an incidence of 3.

Intentional Application of the Taba Curriculum Model to Develop a Rural Pharmacy Practice Course.

The changing profession of pharmacy demands student preparation in dynamic courses that address the evolving healthcare landscape. Identifying an evidence-based approach to develop such coursework and content, however, can be a considerable challenge for curriculum innovators. This manuscript explores how curriculum design models can be applied as a guide to promote purposeful development of new curriculum, with the goal of promoting students as APPE, practice, and career-ready practitioners.

Effects of enzyme-inducing antiseizure medication on vitamin D dosing in adult veterans with epilepsy.

Background: The association of antiseizure medication (ASM) and bone density abnormalities has long been recognized; however, there remains a lack of consensus on efficacy and optimal vitamin D dosing in patients receiving enzyme inducing and non-inducing ASMs. The objective was to explore the relationship between ASMs and vitamin D supplementation requirements in a population of adult patients with epilepsy.

Methods: Patients with a diagnosis of epilepsy receiving supplemental vitamin D were included in this retrospective chart review.

Burden of Injury and Illness in the Road Race Medical Tent: A Narrative Review.

Objective: To summarize the literature relating to prehospital care at 5 km through marathon distance road races and present the epidemiology of common medical encounters, significant medical complications, and medical outcomes.

Data Sources: We searched PubMed and Google Scholar for the published literature pertaining to road race medical tent encounters at 5 km through marathon distance road races from 2000 to 2018. We included English-language, original articles reporting on injury and illness incidence.

Medical Tent Utilization at 10-km Road Races: Injury, Illness, and Influencing Factors.

Purpose: To increase awareness of the need for coordinated medical care at 10-km races and to help direct future medical planning for these events.

Methods: We related medical encounter data from nineteen 10-km road races to runner, race, and environmental characteristics. We quantified the most commonly used resources and described the disposition of runners in these encounters.

Diet Quality of Pregnant American Indian Women in the Northern Plains.

Introduction: We examined diet quality and intake of pregnancy-specific micronutrients among pregnant American Indian women in the Northern Plains.

Methods: We conducted an analysis of nutrition data from the Prenatal Alcohol and SIDS and Stillbirth (PASS) Network Safe Passage Study and the PASS Diet Screener study (N = 170). Diet intake, including dietary supplementation, was assessed by using three 24-hour recalls conducted on randomly selected, nonconsecutive days.

Trends in Alcohol-Related Emergency Department Visits in the United States: Results from the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample, 2006 to 2014.

Background: Acute alcohol consumption and chronic alcohol consumption increase the burden placed on emergency departments (EDs) by contributing to injury and disease. Whether the prevalence of alcohol-related ED visits in the United States has changed in recent years is unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine trends in ED visits involving acute and chronic alcohol consumption in the United States by age and sex between 2006 and 2014.

Unusual zinc-binding mode of HDAC6-selective hydroxamate inhibitors.

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) regulate myriad cellular processes by catalyzing the hydrolysis of acetyl-l-lysine residues in histone and nonhistone proteins. The Zn-dependent class IIb enzyme HDAC6 regulates microtubule function by deacetylating α-tubulin, which suppresses microtubule dynamics and leads to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Accordingly, HDAC6 is a target for the development of selective inhibitors that might be useful in new therapeutic approaches for the treatment of cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and other disorders.

Relative validation of a short questionnaire to assess the dietary habits of pregnant American Indian women.

The objective of this study was to compare a short dietary screener developed to assess diet quality with interviewer-administered telephone 24-hour dietary recalls in a population of pregnant Northern Plains (NP) American Indian women. Participants were recruited from NP clinical sites of the Prenatal Alcohol and SIDS and Stillbirth (PASS) Network, as part of a large, prospective, multidisciplinary study. Prenatal PASS participants who enrolled prior to 24 weeks gestation were eligible to participate.

Trends in Alcohol Consumption Among Older Americans: National Health Interview Surveys, 1997 to 2014.

Background: The majority of U.S. older adults consume alcoholic beverages.

Safety, Costs, and Efficacy of Rapid Drug Desensitizations to Chemotherapy and Monoclonal Antibodies.

Background: Rapid drug desensitization (RDD) is used to address hypersensitivity reactions to chemotherapeutics and monoclonal antibodies, allowing patients to be treated with optimal pharmacological agents. RDD protocols are tailored to each individual patient's reaction and needs, and protect against anaphylaxis, but overall risks, costs, and benefits have not been determined.

Objective: We investigated the safety, efficacy, costs, and life expectancy of patients in a large population undergoing RDD.

Impact of a medication therapy management intervention targeting medications associated with falling: Results of a pilot study.

Background: The use of fall risk-increasing drugs (FRIDs) by older adults is one factor associated with falling, and FRID use is common among older adults. A targeted medication therapy management intervention focused on FRID use that included prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) medications, along with follow-up telephone calls was designed.

Objective: The purpose of this pilot study was to examine preliminary effects of a medication therapy management (MTM) intervention focused on FRIDs provided by a community pharmacist to older adults.

Creation of a histone deacetylase 6 inhibitor and its biological effects [corrected].

We report the development of a potent, selective histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) inhibitor. This HDAC6 inhibitor blocks growth of normal and transformed cells but does not induce death of normal cells. The HDAC6 inhibitor alone is as effective as paclitaxel in anticancer activity in tumor-bearing mice.

Magnesium pyrophosphates in enzyme mimics of nucleotide synthases and kinases and in their prebiotic chemistry.

Derivatives of ribosyl pyrophosphate have been synthesized, and examined with magnesium salts in the coupling of the ribose unit to various nucleophiles, including pyrazole and 2-chloroimidazole. Only with the magnesium salt present did they generate the ribosyl cation by binding to the leaving group and then couple the ribose derivative with nucleophiles. The role of magnesium salts in phosphorylation of methanol by ATP was also examined.