A primer for quantum computing and its applications to healthcare and biomedical research.

Objectives: To introduce quantum computing technologies as a tool for biomedical research and highlight future applications within healthcare, focusing on its capabilities, benefits, and limitations.

Target Audience: Investigators seeking to explore quantum computing and create quantum-based applications for healthcare and biomedical research.

Scope: Quantum computing requires specialized hardware, known as quantum processing units, that use quantum bits (qubits) instead of classical bits to perform computations.

Calcium-dependent titin-thin filament interactions in muscle: observations and theory.

Gaps in our understanding of muscle mechanics demonstrate that the current model is incomplete. Increasingly, it appears that a role for titin in active muscle contraction might help to fill these gaps. While such a role for titin is increasingly accepted, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear.

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Treatment-Resistant Depression: An Interactive Self-Learning Module.

Introduction: The use of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has become increasingly prevalent in psychiatry. A growing body of literature supports its use with treatment-resistant depression (TRD), and this indication has gained FDA approval. However, new psychiatry residents often have little exposure to or understanding of TMS.

Calcium increases titin N2A binding to F-actin and regulated thin filaments.

Mutations in titin are responsible for many cardiac and muscle diseases, yet the underlying mechanisms remain largely unexplained. Numerous studies have established roles for titin in muscle function, and Ca-dependent interactions between titin and actin have been suggested to play a role in muscle contraction. The present study used co-sedimentation assays, dynamic force spectroscopy (DFS), and in vitro motility (IVM) assays to determine whether the N2A region of titin, overlooked in previous studies, interacts with actin in the presence of Ca.

Vacuum Selection from Cosmology on Networks of String Geometries.

We introduce network science as a framework for studying the string landscape. Two large networks of string geometries are constructed, where nodes are extra-dimensional six-manifolds and edges represent topological transitions between them. We show that a standard bubble cosmology model on the networks has late-time behavior determined by the largest eigenvector of -(L+D), where L and D are the Laplacian and degree matrices of the networks, which provides a dynamical mechanism for vacuum selection in the string landscape.

Biliary Stenosis and Gastric Outlet Obstruction: Late Complications After Acute Pancreatitis With Pancreatic Duct Disruption.

Objectives: Pancreatic duct disruption (PDD) after acute pancreatitis can cause pancreatic collections in the early phase and biliary stenosis (BS) or gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) in the late phase. We aimed to document those late complications after moderate or severe acute pancreatitis.

Methods: Between September 2010 and August 2014, 141 patients showed pancreatic collections on computed tomography.

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) paired with a decision-making task reduces risk-taking in a clinically impulsive sample.

Background: Impulsivity is a multidimensional personality trait observed across a variety of psychiatric disorders. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) has shown promise as an intervention to reduce impulsivity.

Objective: To investigate the effects of tDCS paired with a decision-making task on risk-taking in Veterans with a clinical history of impulsive behavior.

Comparison of large-scale human brain functional and anatomical networks in schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia is a disease with disruptions in thought, emotion, and behavior. The dysconnectivity hypothesis suggests these disruptions are due to aberrant brain connectivity. Many studies have identified connectivity differences but few have been able to unify gray and white matter findings into one model.

Consensus Recommendations for the Clinical Application of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) in the Treatment of Depression.

Objective: To provide expert recommendations for the safe and effective application of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD).

Participants: Participants included a group of 17 expert clinicians and researchers with expertise in the clinical application of rTMS, representing both the National Network of Depression Centers (NNDC) rTMS Task Group and the American Psychiatric Association Council on Research (APA CoR) Task Force on Novel Biomarkers and Treatments.

Evidence: The consensus statement is based on a review of extensive literature from 2 databases (OvidSP MEDLINE and PsycINFO) searched from 1990 through 2016.

Low-Intensity Transcranial Current Stimulation in Psychiatry.

Neurostimulation is rapidly emerging as an important treatment modality for psychiatric disorders. One of the fastest-growing and least-regulated approaches to noninvasive therapeutic stimulation involves the application of weak electrical currents. Widespread enthusiasm for low-intensity transcranial electrical current stimulation (tCS) is reflected by the recent surge in direct-to-consumer device marketing, do-it-yourself enthusiasm, and an escalating number of clinical trials.

Lightest Visible-Sector Supersymmetric Particle is Likely to be Unstable.

We argue, based on typical properties of known solutions of string or M theory, that the lightest supersymmetric particle of the visible sector is likely to be unstable. In other words, dark matter is probably not a particle with standard model quantum numbers, such as a weakly interacting massive particle. The argument is simple and based on the typical occurrence of (a) hidden sectors, (b) interactions between the standard model (visible) sector and these hidden sectors, and (c) the lack of an argument against massive neutral hidden sector particles being lighter than the lightest visible supersymmetric particle.

Evaluation of relational and NoSQL database architectures to manage genomic annotations.

While the adoption of next generation sequencing has rapidly expanded, the informatics infrastructure used to manage the data generated by this technology has not kept pace. Historically, relational databases have provided much of the framework for data storage and retrieval. Newer technologies based on NoSQL architectures may provide significant advantages in storage and query efficiency, thereby reducing the cost of data management.

Seizure Induced by Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in an Adolescent with Depression.

Objective: Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) with an H-1 coil was recently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (U.

Better Outcomes if Percutaneous Drainage Is Used Early and Proactively in the Course of Necrotizing Pancreatitis.

Purpose: To compare outcomes after percutaneous catheter drainage (PCD) for acute necrotizing pancreatitis versus those in a randomized controlled trial as a reference standard.

Materials And Methods: Between September 2010 and August 2014, CT-guided PCD was the primary treatment for 39 consecutive patients with pancreatic necrosis. The indication for PCD was the clinical finding of uncontrolled pancreatic juice leakage rather than infected necrosis.

A percutaneous drainage protocol for severe and moderately severe acute pancreatitis.

Background: According to the revised Atlanta classification, severe and moderately severe acute pancreatitis (AP) includes patients with pancreatic and peripancreatic collections with or without organ failure. These collections suggest the presence of pancreatic juice leakage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a percutaneous catheter drainage (PCD) protocol designed to control leakage and decrease disease severity.

Changes in resting functional connectivity during abstinence in stimulant use disorder: a preliminary comparison of relapsers and abstainers.

Background: Previously identified resting functional connectivity (FC) differences in individuals with stimulant use disorder (SUD) suggest an imbalance in neural regions that mediate behavioral aspects relevant to addiction such as emotion regulation and reward processing. There is a need to further investigate these differences across time between those that relapse and those that do not. This is the first longitudinal study of recently abstinent SUD (SUD-RA) that identifies specific FC changes in subsequent relapsers (vs abstainers).

Nintendo Wii Balance Board is sensitive to effects of visual tasks on standing sway in healthy elderly adults.

Research has shown that the Nintendo Wii Balance Board (WBB) can reliably detect the quantitative kinematics of the center of pressure in stance. Previous studies used relatively coarse manipulations (1- vs. 2-leg stance, and eyes open vs.

Altered resting state complexity in schizophrenia.

The complexity of the human brain's activity and connectivity varies over temporal scales and is altered in disease states such as schizophrenia. Using a multi-level analysis of spontaneous low-frequency fMRI data stretching from the activity of individual brain regions to the coordinated connectivity pattern of the whole brain, we investigate the role of brain signal complexity in schizophrenia. Specifically, we quantitatively characterize the univariate wavelet entropy of regional activity, the bivariate pairwise functional connectivity between regions, and the multivariate network organization of connectivity patterns.

Frontal hyperconnectivity related to discounting and reversal learning in cocaine subjects.

Background: Functional neuroimaging studies suggest that chronic cocaine use is associated with frontal lobe abnormalities. Functional connectivity (FC) alterations of cocaine-dependent individuals (CD), however, are not yet clear. This is the first study to our knowledge that examines resting FC of anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in CD.

Attenuated Salmonella typhimurium invades and decreases tumor burden in neuroblastoma.

Introduction: We have previously shown that Salmonella elicits an antitumor response against hepatic adenocarcinomatous metastases. In vitro studies have demonstrated both intracellular invasion and proliferation of Salmonella within cultured neuroblastoma cells. We sought to demonstrate in vivo invasion, proliferation, and a potential antitumor response.

Preferential proliferation of attenuated Salmonella typhimurium within neuroblastoma.

Background/purpose: Attenuated Salmonella typhimurium, a facultative intracellular parasite that colonizes the liver, has been shown to accumulate within extrahepatic malignancies. The authors sought to define a mechanism for attenuated Salmonella accumulation within cancer cells compared with hepatocytes.

Methods: Invasion and intracellular proliferation of attenuated Salmonella was assessed through an in vitro assay performed on neuroblasoma, osteosarcoma, hepatoma, and colon adenocarcinoma cell lines and compared with freshly isolated mouse hepatocytes.