Metabolic characteristics of Appalachian children.

Purpose: The purpose of this investigation is to assess the physiological characteristics and the resting metabolic rates of a representative population of children in Buchanan County in order to identify those factors that may be contributing to the predisposition for being overweight or obese and provide nutritional and physical activity guidance for prevention.

Methods: Twenty-three volunteers from grades 5, 6 and 7 from Buchannan County, VA underwent parametric and metabolic testing over three consecutive years in order to determine their height, weight, BMI, percent body fat, resting oxygen consumption (VO), resting energy expenditure (REE), respiratory exchange ratio (RER) and daily energy expenditure (DEE) and consumption.

Results: Over the 3 year study period, subjects' BMI increased significantly over time (p = 0.

Soft drinks and in vitro dental erosion.

The purpose of this investigation was to determine to what extent the in vitro exposure of healthy teeth to various commonly consumed carbonated soft drinks may precipitate dental erosion. Forty-two healthy, extracted, previously unerupted human molars were weighed prior to, during, and after suspension in various sugared and diet or zero-calorie carbonated beverages for 20 days; the specimens were stored at room temperature while being stirred at 275 rpm. The percentage decrease in tooth weight from before to after exposure represented the weight loss due to enamel erosion; values in the experimental groups varied from 3.

Interventions of weight reduction and prevention in children and adolescents: update.

There is currently a plethora of information regarding the assessment and treatment of obesity in adults, adolescents, and children available to individuals working in health care-related fields. However, summarizing this information, especially for the pediatric population, is a daunting task. The purpose of this study is to simplify, summarize, and alert pharmacists, pharmacy technicians, and health care providers/workers to the main nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic treatment options concerning pediatric obesity and weight loss.