Implementation of a university-wide health-system collaborative to provide pharmacy preceptor development across multiple institutions.

Disclaimer: In an effort to expedite the publication of articles, AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time.

Comparison of Time Within Therapeutic Range Using Anti-Factor Xa Versus Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time Monitoring of Unfractionated Heparin in Children.

Objective: To compare unfractionated heparin (UFH) monitoring using time in therapeutic range of activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) versus anti-factor Xa activity (anti-Xa) in children.

Methods: This retrospective chart review, with data between October 2015 and October 2019, included pediatric patients younger than 18 years on therapeutic UFH infusion with aPTT or anti-Xa monitoring. Patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, dialysis, concomitant anticoagulants, prophylactic UFH, no stated goal, and UFH administered for less than 12 hours were excluded.

Comparison of Oral Loading Dose to Intravenous Acetaminophen in Children for Analgesia After Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Acetaminophen is a frequently used adjunct analgesic in pediatric patients undergoing tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. We compared opioid administration following preoperative intravenous (IV) or oral acetaminophen in addition to a standard multimodal regimen to test the hypothesis that 1 loading dose approach would provide superior opioid sparing effects among pediatric surgical patients undergoing tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy.

Methods: This single-center, double-blind, double-dummy prospective randomized study was conducted in patients ages 3 to 15 years undergoing tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy with or without myringotomy and tube placement between September 2017 and July 2019.

Individual Tree Crown Delineation Using Multispectral LiDAR Data.

In this study, multispectral Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data were utilized to improve delineation of individual tree crowns (ITC) as an important step in individual tree analysis. A framework to integrate spectral and height information for ITC delineation was proposed, and the multi-scale algorithm for treetop detection developed in one of our previous studies was improved. In addition, an advanced region-based segmentation method that used detected treetops as seeds was proposed for segmentation of individual crowns based on their spectral, contextual, and height information.

Corrected QT Interval Prolongation in Hospitalized Pediatric Patients Receiving Methadone.

Objectives: Methadone is often used in pediatric patients to prevent or treat opioid withdrawal after prolonged sedation. Prolonged corrected QT interval is an important adverse effect of methadone because it can progress to torsades de pointes, a potentially fatal dysrhythmia. The prevalence of corrected QT interval prolongation and contributing risk factors are not well defined in hospitalized pediatric patients receiving methadone.

Dexmedetomidine Use in Critically Ill Children With Acute Respiratory Failure.

Objective: Care of critically ill children includes sedation but current therapies are suboptimal. To describe dexmedetomidine use in children supported on mechanical ventilation for acute respiratory failure.

Design: Secondary analysis of data from the Randomized Evaluation of Sedation Titration for Respiratory Failure clinical trial.

Pathways of neighbourhood-level socio-economic determinants of adverse birth outcomes.

Background: Although socio-economic factors have been identified as one of the most important groups of neighbourhood-level risks affecting birth outcomes, uncertainties still exist concerning the pathways through which they are transferred to individual risk factors. This poses a challenge for setting priorities and developing appropriate community-oriented public health interventions and planning guidelines to reduce the level of adverse birth outcomes.

Method: This study examines potential direct and mediated pathways through which neighbourhood-level socio-economic determinants exert their impacts on adverse birth outcomes.

Contamination of patient blood samples by avian RBCs from control material during automated hematology analysis.

Objectives: Atypical nucleated RBCs (NRBCs) found on several patient blood smears between 2010 and 2012 were noted to resemble avian RBCs. NRBCs are not normally found in the circulation beyond the neonatal period and may indicate hematologic disease, malignancy in the bone marrow, or other severe conditions. Our blood smears with unusual NRBCs did not contain other abnormalities that typically accompany NRBCs, such as immature cells or dysplastic granulocytes.

The extraction and utilization of local and scientific geospatial knowledge within the Bluff oyster fishery, New Zealand.

This paper assesses the Bluff oyster fishery in New Zealand as a case study in common pool resource management. It discusses ways in which modern information technology, augmented by low-tech data gathering strategies and community ethnography, can be used to produce an integrated scientific and local knowledge-inspired fishery database that lends itself to fostering collaboration in resource management and planning. The specific context and state of the oyster fishery in Bluff are described.

"It's important to be proud of the place you live in": housing problems and preferences of psychiatric survivors.

Topic: It is important to understand housing and mental health issues from the perspective of psychiatric survivors. This paper reports findings from a series of focus group meetings held with survivors of mental illness to address issues concerning housing preferences and housing needs.

Methods: The discussions were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using an ethnographic method of analysis.

A GIS-based protocol for the collection and use of local knowledge in fisheries management planning.

Despite a heavy reliance on scientific knowledge as the primary source of information in resource management, many resources are in decline, particularly in fisheries. To try and combat this trend, researchers have drawn upon the knowledge of local resource users as an important supplement to scientific knowledge in designing and implementing management strategies. The integration of local knowledge with scientific knowledge for marine species management, however, is problematic stemming primarily from conflicting data types.

Current and preferred housing of psychiatric consumers/survivors.

As part of a participatory action research project, we surveyed 300 psychiatric consumers/survivors from southwestern Ontario regarding their housing preferences and housing satisfaction. We found that, while 79% of the sample preferred independent living, 76% were living in some other type of setting (e.g.