Subacute cadmium exposure disrupts the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, leading to polycystic ovarian syndrome and premature ovarian failure features in female rats.

Cadmium (Cd), a toxic heavy metal, is a known endocrine disruptor that is associated with reproductive complications. However, few studies have explored the effects of Cd exposure on features of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and premature ovary failure (POF). In this study, we assessed whether doses found in workers occupationally exposed to Cd and subacute exposure result in hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis and other irregularities.

Clinical significance and prognostic role of tumor-associated macrophages infiltration according to histologic location in canine mammary carcinomas.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have been involved in growth and metastases of human and canine mammary tumors. However, the prognostic importance of TAM specific location in canine mammary tumors (CMT) was not evaluated. In this study, we evaluated the potential role of TAMs in specific histologic locations - intratumoral (iTAM) and stromal (sTAM), as well as total macrophage (tTAM) counts - as prognostic indicators in CMT.

Antitumor effectiveness of a combined therapy with a new cucurbitacin B derivative and paclitaxel on a human lung cancer xenograft model.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most common malignant tumors, with a high mortality rate due to the elevated risk of resistance. Natural cucurbitacins and their derivatives are recognized as promising antitumor compounds for several types of cancer, including NSCLC. In a recent study published by our research group, DACE (2-deoxy-2-amine-cucurbitacin E), which is a semisynthetic derivative of cucurbitacin B, showed potential in vitro synergistic antiproliferative effects combined with paclitaxel (PTX) in A549 cells.

Feasibility study with 99mTc-HYNIC-βAla-Bombesin(7-14) as an agent to early visualization of lung tumour cells in nude mice.

Aim: More sensitive and accurate imaging approaches for early detection and therapy monitoring of lung tumours are needed to ameliorate prognosis and outcome. Lung tumours are known to overexpress receptors for bombesin-like peptides. However, thus far, no study has demonstrated the potential role of bombesin-like peptides in identifying A549 lung tumour cells in xenograft animal models.

Cytologic analysis of the mammary papillar discharge in a canine micropapillary carcinoma.

This is a report on the cytologic analysis of the mammary papillar discharge in a 7-year-old female Doberman dog with an invasive micropapillary carcinoma. Cytologic evaluation of nipple discharge is a well-known method for the rapid diagnosis of breast cancer in women. However, there is no previous report regarding the use of this technique for assessing mammary tumors in dogs.

Clinical, cytologic, and histologic features of a mammary micropapillary carcinoma in a dog.

Mammary invasive micropapillary carcinoma is a rare variant of mammary carcinoma that was recently recognized in dogs. The cytologic features and biologic behavior of such neoplasms in dogs have not yet been widely discussed in the veterinary literature. We report the clinical, cytologic, and histologic features of a canine micropapillary carcinoma in a 13-year-old female mongrel dog.

Ocular melanoma and mammary mucinous carcinoma in an African lion.

Background: Reports of neoplasms in Panthera species are increasing, but they are still an uncommon cause of disease and death in captive wild felids. The presence of two or more primary tumor in large felids is rarely reported, and there are no documented cases of ocular melanoma and mammary mucinous carcinoma in African lions.

Case Presentation: An ocular melanoma and a mammary mucinous carcinoma are described in an African lion (Panthera leo).

Adenocarcinoma of the parotid salivary gland in a cow.

A 6-year-old Girolando dairy cow was presented for evaluation of a large subcutaneous facial mass. Fine-needle aspirates of the mass contained many neoplastic cells with high nuclear:cytoplasmic ratios arranged in sheets and loosely cohesive clusters with streaming erythrocytes and neutrophils in the background. Neoplastic cells were 13-25 μm in diameter and were round to cuboidal with variably distinct borders.

Ectopic ossification presenting as osteoid metaplasia in a salivary mucocele in a Shih Tzu dog.

Background: Salivary mucocele is an accumulation of saliva in a single or multiloculated cavity lined by connective tissue that is contiguous to a salivary gland-duct complex and is the most common condition affecting the salivary glands in dogs. Occasionally, different types of metaplastic lesions, such as squamous and osseous metaplasia - which are rare lesions in animals - can be observed in association with salivary mucocele.

Case Presentation: A right facial enlargement was suddenly observed in a 4-year-old non-spayed female Shih-Tzu dog.

Ovarian mucinous cystadenoma in a gray brocket deer (Mazama gouazoupira).

An ovarian mucinous cystadenoma is described in a gray brocket deer (Mazama gouazoupira). The tumor was histologically characterized by the presence of cysts and proliferation of papillae, both lined by single- or multi-layered pleomorphic epithelial cells that contained alcian blue-positive mucins.