ENSO effects on the relationship between aerosols and evapotranspiration in the south of the Amazon biome.

The effects of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events have local, regional, and global consequences for water regimes, causing floods or extreme drought events. Tropical forests are strongly affected by ENSO, and in the case of the Amazon, its territorial extension allows for a wide variation of these effects. The prolongation of drought events in the Amazon basin contributes to an increase in gas and aerosol particle emissions mainly caused by biomass burning, which in turn alter radiative fluxes and evapotranspiration rates, cyclically interfering with the hydrological regime.

Estimates of methane emissions and comparison with gas mass burned in CDM action in a large landfill in Eastern Amazon.

This work studied the methane gas production of the Aura landfill, the official destination of all Municipal Solid Waste of the Metropolitan Region of Belem (Brazil), operational until 2015. In 2007, the Aura Landfill was equipped with a landfill gas burning system in a CDM/UNFCCC project, with reported measured volumes of burned methane gas. These volumes were used to retrieve the methane generation potential (L) and the decay rate (k) parameters of single-phase, first order landfill emission model, yielding L=(61.