Publications by authors named "Brenner I"

Article Synopsis
  • A study investigates how a mother's experience of childhood abuse impacts her child's temperament, focusing on factors like self-objectification and body boundaries.
  • The research involved 440 women shortly after childbirth, with assessments of maternal history and infant temperament taken three months later.
  • Results showed that mothers’ self-objectification and feelings of disrupted body boundaries mediated the links between their childhood abuse and their infants’ emotional responses and regulation abilities.
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Background: For children with HIV on antiretroviral therapy (ART), transitioning to dolutegravir-containing regimens is recommended. The aim of this study was to assess whether introducing viral load testing to inform new nucleoside or nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) for children with HIV and viraemia alongside dolutegravir-based ART is beneficial and of good economic value.

Methods: We used the Cost-Effectiveness of Preventing AIDS Complications-Pediatric model to project clinical and cost implications of three strategies among a simulated cohort of South African children aged 8 years with HIV receiving abacavir-lamivudine-efavirenz: (1) continue current ART (no dolutegravir; abacavir-lamivudine-efavirenz); (2) transition all children with HIV to dolutegravir, keeping current NRTIs (dolutegravir; abacavir-lamivudine-dolutegravir); or (3) transition to dolutegravir based on viral load testing (viral load plus dolutegravir), keeping current NRTIs if virologically suppressed (abacavir-lamivudine-dolutegravir, 70% of cohort) or switching abacavir to zidovudine (zidovudine) if viraemic (zidovudine-lamivudine-dolutegravir, 30%).

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Importance: Life expectancy is a key measure of overall population health. Life expectancy estimates for youth with HIV in the US are needed in the current HIV care and treatment context to guide health policies and resource allocation.

Objective: To compare life expectancy between 18-year-old youth with perinatally acquired HIV (PHIV), youth with nonperinatally acquired HIV (NPHIV), and youth without HIV.

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Background: New York State (NYS) reported a polio case (June 2022) and outbreak of imported type 2 circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV2) (last positive wastewater detection in February 2023), for which uncertainty remains about potential ongoing undetected transmission.

Research Design And Methods: Extending a prior deterministic model, we apply an established stochastic modeling approach to characterize the confidence about no circulation (CNC) of cVDPV2 as a function of time since the last detected signal of transmission (i.e.

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Purpose: To perform a systematic review of studies assessing the effects of regular exercise on heart rate variability (HRV) in individuals with lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD) and symptoms of claudication.

Methods: A systematic search in the electronic databases MEDLINE, Embase, and Scielo, was conducted and updated on January 21, 2023. Randomized clinical trials investigating patients with LEAD and IC, assessing ≥ 4 wk of exercise interventions, and reporting at least one HRV measure (e.

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Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, many US youth with HIV (YHIV) used telehealth services; others experienced disruptions in clinic and antiretroviral therapy (ART) access.

Methods: Using the Cost-effectiveness of Preventing AIDS Complications (CEPAC)-Adolescent HIV microsimulation model, we evaluated 3 scenarios: 1) Clinic: in-person care; 2) Telehealth: virtual visits, without CD4 or viral load monitoring for 12 months, followed by return to usual care; and 3) Interruption: complete care interruption with no ART access or laboratory monitoring for 6 months (maximum clinic closure time), followed by return to usual care for 80%. We assigned higher 1-year retention (87% vs 80%) and lower cost/visit ($49 vs $56) for Telehealth vs Clinic.

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Survivors of childhood maltreatment (CM) may experience difficulties in the peripartum period and in adjustment to motherhood. In this study we examined a model wherein CM is associated with maternal self-efficacy and maternal bonding three months postpartum, through mediation of peripartum dissociation and reduced sense of control during childbirth and postpartum-posttraumatic-stress disorder (P-PTSD). Women were recruited in a maternity ward within 48 h of childbirth (T1, N = 440), and contacted three-months postpartum (T2, N = 295).

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A history of sexual trauma (ST) and, especially, of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is common among men and women with mental disorders. The estimated prevalence ranges between one-third to two-thirds of psychiatric patients who have experienced sexual trauma. These survivors are at increased risk for developing psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

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Musculoskeletal injuries and disordered eating are prevalent in varsity-level athletes but are not associated in our participants.

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Background: In July 2022, New York State (NYS) reported a case of paralytic polio in an unvaccinated young adult, and subsequent wastewater surveillance confirmed sustained local transmission of type 2 vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV2) in NYS with genetic linkage to the paralyzed patient.

Methods: We adapted an established poliovirus transmission and oral poliovirus vaccine evolution model to characterize dynamics of poliovirus transmission in NYS, including consideration of the immunization activities performed as part of the declared state of emergency.

Results: Despite sustained transmission of imported VDPV2 in NYS involving potentially thousands of individuals (depending on seasonality, population structure, and mixing assumptions) in 2022, the expected number of additional paralytic cases in years 2023 and beyond is small (less than 0.

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Importance: School-associated SARS-CoV-2 transmission is described as uncommon, although the true transmission rate is unknown.

Objective: To identify the SARS-CoV-2 secondary attack rate (SAR) in schools and factors associated with transmission.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study examined the risk of school-based transmission of SARS-CoV-2 among kindergarten through grade 12 students and staff in 10 Massachusetts school districts during 2 periods: fall 2020/spring 2021 (F20/S21) and fall 2021 (F21).

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Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to evaluate obstetrical outcomes and emotional adjustments in women experiencing dyspareunia, with a focus on their perceptions during childbirth.
  • A total of 440 women were surveyed shortly after giving birth, examining various factors such as labor control, professional support, and emotional well-being, including symptoms of acute stress and depression.
  • Results indicated that women with dyspareunia had higher rates of premature delivery and reported lower perceived control and support during labor, alongside increased emotional distress and reduced maternal bonding compared to women without dyspareunia.
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Background: Per Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidance, students with COVID-19 may end isolation after 5 days if symptoms are improving; some individuals may still be contagious. Rapid antigen testing identifies possibly infectious virus. We report on a test-to-return (TTR) program in a Massachusetts school district to inform policy decisions about return to school after COVID-19.

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The nematode uses rhythmic muscle contractions (pumps) of the pharynx, a tubular feeding organ, to filter, transport, and crush food particles. A number of feeding mutants have been identified, including those with slow pharyngeal pumping rate, weak muscle contraction, defective muscle relaxation, and defective grinding of bacteria. Many aspects of these pharyngeal behavioral defects and how they affect pharyngeal function are not well understood.

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Background: Despite the recommendations to increase recruitment of participants into clinical trials, investigators face costly challenges in trials investigating work disability interventions for people with arthritis and rheumatological conditions. This study aims to evaluate the recruitment costs and outcomes from a randomized controlled trial of an arthritis work disability prevention program conducted between 2011 and 2015, to inform planning and monitoring recruitment in similar studies.

Methods: Data were obtained from enrollment and financial records pertaining to recruitment costs for each recruitment approach employed.

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Massive psychic trauma due to genocidal persecution leaves an indelible imprint upon the psyche. These effects, however, may be variable due to many factors, such as one's age during the onset of the trauma, the nature of the trauma, its duration, post-liberation experiences, etc. While these effects persist throughout one's life, this presentation will focus on the end of the life cycle when survivors, like everyone else, are faced with the prospect of infirmity, illness, dependence, loss of loved ones, helplessness and ultimately death.

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Background And Objective: A low FODMAP diet (LFD) has become a standard treatment in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients. Compliant adherence to a LFD is challenging. We investigated the effect of a LFD compared to a less restrictive low lactose diet (LLD) in a randomized cross-over trial with IBS patients.

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Background: Obesity is currently a worldwide health crisis. Nurses are integral members of the primary health care team and have an important role in managing obesity and administering physical activity (PA) for patients. However, research shows that nurses tend to be overweight or obese, have poor metabolic health, and do not meet PA recommendations.

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A recent meta-analysis revealed that cardiac vagal activity (mostly indicated by vagally-mediated heart rate variability; HRV) decreases significantly from the follicular to luteal menstrual cycle phase in naturally-cycling participants. However, the question remains as to whether cyclical changes in estradiol (E2), progesterone (P4), or both are responsible for HRV fluctuations. We present the first studies to use repeated measures of E2, P4, and HRV across the cycle to model both the unique and interactive effects of person-centered E2 and P4 on HRV in multilevel models.

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Patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD), consistent with others with atherosclerotic occlusive disorders, have autonomic dysfunction (as measured by low heart rate variability [HRV]) that predisposes them to sympathetically mediated cardiac arrhythmias and sudden death. Exercise therapy has been shown to increase HRV in patients with coronary artery disease by increasing parasympathetic modulation of heart rate. This study quantified the circulatory and autonomic effects of a progressive, 12-week home-based, low-intensity (pain-free walking) exercise program in PAD and intermittent claudication.

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Insecure attachment orientations are disproportionately frequent in child sexual abuse (CSA) survivors and have been found to mediate some of the effects of CSA on adult interpersonal and romantic difficulties, including sexual revictimization (SR). A sense of relational entitlement (SRE) has received growing attention in psychological discourse and research in recent years. It reflects both adaptive (assertive) and pathological (restricted or inflated) attitudes to the assertion of needs and rights and has not been studied in adult CSA survivors.

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In this article, I will describe the way in which I work with enactment-prone dissociative patients in the transference. This approach requires an appreciation of the phenomena of hypnosis and the auto-hypnotic aspects of some forms of dissociation. Essentially, I learn from the patient and my interactions with the patient how hypnotic phenomena and auto-hypnotic defenses manifest themselves in the therapeutic relationship in order both to understand them and ultimately to bring them under conscious control.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study examines the link between Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) and childhood maltreatment/adversity in Israeli patients.
  • Using various questionnaires, researchers found that Israeli FMS patients reported high levels of childhood trauma and exhibited more PTSD, depression, and anxiety compared to Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) patients.
  • The findings support the idea that the association between FMS and childhood maltreatment is present across different cultures, highlighting emotional abuse and neglect as significant factors in FMS severity.
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