Body Composition and Incident High-Intensity Back Pain and/or High Disability: A 10-Year Prospective Population-Based Male Cohort.

Background: Back pain poses a significant global burden, within which individuals with more severe symptoms consume higher healthcare expenses than those with lesser back pain. Whether measures of body composition predict high-intensity back pain and/or high-disability in population-based cohorts is unknown. This study aimed to examine the association between body composition at baseline and their change in the prior 5 years (between 2001-2005 and 2006-2010) and incident high-intensity back pain and/or high-disability in long-term follow-up, 10 years later (2016-2021) in a population-based cohort of men.

Bone mineral density is not associated with incident high-intensity back pain: a 10-year cohort study in men.

Although patients believe that osteoporosis is a painful condition, health professionals assume it is painless unless a fracture occurs. The association between BMD and back pain has not been examined longitudinally in community-based adults in an unbiased population using gold-standard measures. This study aimed to examine the association between BMD and incident high-intensity back pain and/or high disability over 10 years in Australian men without high-intensity symptoms at baseline.

Emergency presentations for farm-related injuries in older adults residing in south-western Victoria, Australia.

Introduction: Farm workers are at high risk for injuries, and epidemiological data are needed to plan resource allocation.

Objective: This study identified regions with high farm-related injury rates in the Barwon South West region of Victoria, Australia, for residents aged ≥50 yr.

Design: Retrospective synthesis using electronic medical records of emergency presentations occurring during 2017-2019 inclusive for Local Government Areas (LGA) in the study region.

Negative back beliefs are associated with increased odds of low back pain and disability: a 10-year cohort study in men.

Objective: Although negative back beliefs are associated with high-intensity low back pain (LBP)/disability, whether they influence incident high-intensity LBP/high-disability over the long-term is unknown. This study aimed to investigate whether negative back beliefs were associated with developing high-intensity LBP and/or high-disability over 10 years in men.

Methods: Men with no or low-intensity LBP and/or disability attending the Geelong Osteoporosis Study between 2006-2010 were included.

When primary healthcare meets queerstory: community-based system dynamics influencing regional/rural LGBTQ + people's access to quality primary healthcare in Australia.

Background: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, Queer, and people of any other minority sexuality or gender identity (LGBTQ + or "Queer") are often marginalised from accessing quality primary healthcare (PHC) in their local community. This is largely due to Queerphobic, cis-heteronormative/sexist systems pathologising Queer life and identities. The study aims were to: (1) identify key priorities for increasing Queer people's access to quality PHC as told by Queer people themselves, (2) identify the feedback loops that reduce or support Queer people's access to quality PHC in non-metropolitan, regional/rural communities, and (3) identify potential action areas to improve system structures to increase Queer people's access to quality PHC.

The Australian and New Zealand Society for Sarcopenia and Frailty Research (ANZSSFR) sarcopenia diagnosis and management task force: Findings from the consumer expert Delphi process.

Objectives: To develop guidelines, informed by health-care consumer values and preferences, for sarcopenia prevention, assessment and management for use by clinicians and researchers in Australia and New Zealand.

Methods: A three-phase Consumer Expert Delphi process was undertaken between July 2020 and August 2021. Consumer experts included adults with lived experience of sarcopenia or health-care utilisation.

Consensus guidelines for sarcopenia prevention, diagnosis and management in Australia and New Zealand.

Background: Sarcopenia is an age-associated skeletal muscle condition characterized by low muscle mass, strength, and physical performance. There is no international consensus on a sarcopenia definition and no contemporaneous clinical and research guidelines specific to Australia and New Zealand. The Australian and New Zealand Society for Sarcopenia and Frailty Research (ANZSSFR) Sarcopenia Diagnosis and Management Task Force aimed to develop consensus guidelines for sarcopenia prevention, assessment, management and research, informed by evidence, consumer opinion, and expert consensus, for use by health professionals and researchers in Australia and New Zealand.

LGBTQ+ Loss and Grief in a Cis-Heteronormative Pandemic: A Qualitative Evidence Synthesis of the COVID-19 Literature.

LGBTQ+ people are no stranger to loss and grief, particularly during times of pandemic such as the 1980s-90s HIV/AIDS pandemic and now, the COVID-19 pandemic. Current COVID-19 loss and grief research remains relatively silent on LGBTQ+ peoples' loss and grief experiences. The aim of this research was to conduct a qualitative evidence synthesis of LGBTQ+ people's COVID-19 loss and grief experiences reported in the literature.

A micro-costing analysis of post-fracture care pathways: results from the International Costs and Utilities Related to Osteoporotic Fractures Study (ICUROS).

Unlabelled: This study identified the costs and health-related quality of life impacts of several post-fracture multidisciplinary care pathways specific to individual skeletal site (hip, distal forearm, vertebrae, humerus). These care pathways may assist healthcare providers in allocating resources for osteoporotic fractures in more effective and cost-efficient ways.

Introduction: This micro-costing study was undertaken to provide the estimated healthcare costs of several fracture site-specific health service use pathways associated with different trajectories of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) 12-months post-fracture.

Health literacy and long-term health outcomes following myocardial infarction: protocol for a multicentre, prospective cohort study (ENHEARTEN study).

Introduction: Low health literacy is common in people with cardiovascular disease and may be one factor that affects an individual's ability to maintain secondary prevention health behaviours following myocardial infarction (MI). However, little is known about the association between health literacy and longer-term health outcomes in people with MI. The ENhancing HEAlth literacy in secondary pRevenTion of cardiac evENts (ENHEARTEN) study aims to examine the relationship between health literacy and a number of health outcomes (including healthcare costs) in a cohort of patients following their first MI.

Bipolar disorder and bone health: A case-control study.

Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with significant psychological and physical comorbidity. Yet little is known about the bone health of individuals with BD. Thus, we aimed to investigate the association between BD and bone health in a population-based sample of women.

Why Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians fall and fracture: the codesigned Study of Indigenous Muscle and Bone Ageing (SIMBA) protocol.

Objectives: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians have a substantially greater fracture risk, where men are 50% and women are 26% more likely to experience a hip fracture compared with non-Indigenous Australians. Fall-related injuries in this population have also increased by 10%/year compared with 4.3%/year in non-Indigenous Australians.

Factor analysis to determine relative contributions of strength, physical performance, body composition and muscle mass to disability and mobility disability outcomes in older men.

Background: It is not known how measures of body composition, strength and physical performance are interrelated or how empirical groupings of these measures relate to disability and mobility disability.

Methods: Muscle mass was assessed by D-creatine dilution (DCr muscle mass) in 1345 men (84.1 ± 4.

Associations between socioeconomic status and obesity, sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity in community-dwelling older adults: The Tasmanian Older Adult Cohort Study.

Background: Social disadvantage may contribute to increased prevalence of sarcopenia and obesity. This study investigated if socioeconomic factors are associated with obesity, sarcopenia, or sarcopenic obesity (SO), in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional analysis of data from the Tasmanian Older Adult Cohort study.

The contribution of musculoskeletal factors to physical frailty: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Musculoskeletal conditions and physical frailty have overlapping constructs. We aimed to quantify individual contributions of musculoskeletal factors to frailty.

Methods: Participants included 347 men and 360 women aged ≥60 yr (median ages; 70.

Anticonvulsant use and fracture: a case-control study.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate fracture risk associated with anticonvulsant use in a population-based sample of men and women.

Methods: Data from 1,458 participants (51.8% women) with a radiologically confirmed incident fracture (cases) were compared to 1,796 participants (46.

Recovery of quality of life is associated with lower mortality 5-year post-fracture: the Australian arm of the International Costs and Utilities Related to Osteoporotic Fractures Study (AusICUROS).

Unlabelled: Little is known about factors that lead to excess mortality post-fracture. This study demonstrated that 5-year mortality is lower in older adults who recovered to their pre-fracture health-related quality of life (HRQoL) at 12-months compared to those who did not recover. Our results highlight the importance of post-fracture interventions known to improve HRQoL.

Sex differences in recovery of quality of life 12 months post-fracture in community-dwelling older adults: analyses of the Australian arm of the International Costs and Utilities Related to Osteoporotic Fractures Study (AusICUROS).

Unlabelled: In this study of 695 Australian older adults (aged ≥50 years), we found that men and women had a similar trajectory of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) recovery following fragility fracture at any skeletal site. These results provide us with critical knowledge that improves our understanding of health outcomes post-fracture.

Introduction: Mortality is higher in men than that in women following a fragility fracture, but it is unclear whether recovery of patient-reported outcomes such as health-related quality of life (HRQoL) differs between sexes.

A community-led design for an Indigenous Model of Mental Health Care for Indigenous people with depressive disorders.

Objective: To generate outcomes for the development of a culturally appropriate mental health treatment model for Indigenous Australians with depression.

Methods: Three focus group sessions and two semi-structured interviews were undertaken over six months across regional and rural locations in South West Queensland. Data were transcribed verbatim and coded using manual thematic analyses.

The Predictability of Frailty Associated with Musculoskeletal Deficits: A Longitudinal Study.

We investigated and quantified the predictability of frailty associated with musculoskeletal parameters. This longitudinal study included 287 men aged ≥ 50 yr at baseline (2001-2006) from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study. Baseline musculoskeletal measures included femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD), appendicular lean mass index (ALMI, kg/m) and whole-body fat mass index (FMI, kg/m) and lower-limb strength.

Body composition reference ranges in community-dwelling adults using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry: the Australian Body Composition (ABC) Study.

Background: Reference ranges for lean mass (LM) and fat mass (FM) are essential in identifying soft tissue disorders; however, no such reference ranges exist for the most commonly used Hologic dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) machine in Australia.

Methods: Cross-sectional study of community-dwelling adults (aged 18-88 years) who underwent a Hologic DXA scan at one of three commercialized densitometry centres in Australia. Age-specific and sex-specific percentile curves were generated for LM [LM, appendicular lean mass (ALM), ALM adjusted for height squared (ALM/h ), and ALM adjusted for body mass index (ALM/BMI)] and FM [FM, FM adjusted for height squared (FM/h ), appendicular fat mass, and android and gynoid fat] parameters using the LMS statistical method.

Association between serum interleukin-6 and frailty in older men: cross-sectional data.

Purpose: To investigate the association between serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and frailty.

Methods: Participants were 581 men aged 60-90 yr (median (IQR): 74 yr (67-83 yr)) from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study. Tallies of ≥ 3, 1-2 and 0 for weight loss/exhaustion/physical-inactivity/slowness/weakness indicated frailty, pre-frailty and robustness, respectively.

Impaired health-related quality of life, psychological distress, and productivity loss in younger people with persistent shoulder pain: a cross-sectional analysis.

Purpose: To investigate wellbeing and work impacts in younger people with persistent shoulder pain.

Materials And Methods: People aged 20-55 years with shoulder pain of >6 weeks' duration (excluding those with recent fracture or dislocation) were recruited from orthopaedic clinics at three major public hospitals. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and psychological distress were evaluated using the Assessment of Quality of Life (AQoL) and K10 instruments and compared to population norms.

Anticonvulsant use and bone health in a population-based study of men and women: cross-sectional data from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study.

Background: Anticonvulsant use has been linked to bone deficits in specific patient populations. We studied the association between anticonvulsant use and bone health in a population-based sample of men and women.

Methods: Data from 926 men (24-73 yr) and 1070 women (21-94 yr) participating in the Geelong Osteoporosis Study were included.