Core Palliative Care Competencies for Undergraduate Nursing Education: International Multisite Research Using Online Nominal Group Technique.

Nurses should have appropriate education and required competencies to provide high-quality palliative care. The aim of this international multisite study was to list and evaluate core palliative care competencies that European nurses need to achieve in their education to provide palliative care. The Nominal Group Technique (NGT) was used as a data collection method.

When is a person dead? The Canadian public's understanding of death and death determination: a nationwide survey.

Purpose: We aimed to describe the Canadian public's understanding and perception of how death is determined in Canada, their level of interest in learning about death and death determination, and their preferred strategies for informing the public.

Methods: We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional survey of a representative sample of the Canadian public. The survey presented two scenarios of a man who met current criteria for neurologic death determination (scenario 1) and a man who met current criteria for circulatory death determination (scenario 2).

A brain-based definition of death and criteria for its determination after arrest of circulation or neurologic function in Canada: a 2023 clinical practice guideline.

This 2023 Clinical Practice Guideline provides the biomedical definition of death based on permanent cessation of brain function that applies to all persons, as well as recommendations for death determination by circulatory criteria for potential organ donors and death determination by neurologic criteria for all mechanically ventilated patients regardless of organ donation potential. This Guideline is endorsed by the Canadian Critical Care Society, the Canadian Medical Association, the Canadian Association of Critical Care Nurses, Canadian Anesthesiologists' Society, the Canadian Neurological Sciences Federation (representing the Canadian Neurological Society, Canadian Neurosurgical Society, Canadian Society of Clinical Neurophysiologists, Canadian Association of Child Neurology, Canadian Society of Neuroradiology, and Canadian Stroke Consortium), Canadian Blood Services, the Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program, the Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians, the Nurse Practitioners Association of Canada, and the Canadian Cardiovascular Critical Care Society.

Implementation and evaluation of a National Bereavement Support line in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Ireland.

Background: This study describes the design, implementation and evaluation of a national bereavement helpline developed as proactive tiered response to immediate be reavement care during the COVID pandemic, operated in partnership between a national charity and the National Health Service. The service was based on Psychological First Aid principles adapted to integrate bereavement education. Its aim was to provide asupportive compassionate listening service, education advice resources and sign posting to community services.

Production, purification and characterisation of genetically derived scFv and bifunctional antibody fragments capable of detecting illicit drug residues.

We have generated a single chain antigen binding protein (scFv) recognising morphine. Variable regions of heavy (V(H)) and light (V(L)) chain antibody genes isolated from a murine immune repertoire were connected via a glycine-serine linker and cloned into the expression vector pAK 400. The scFv was produced in Escherichia coli JM83 yielding a functional protein of approximately M(r) 30000.