Background: Preteen girls of lower socioeconomic position are at increased risk of physical inactivity. Parental support, particularly from mothers, is positively correlated with girls' physical activity levels. Consequently, family-based interventions are recognized as a promising approach to improve young people's physical activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To identify risk factors for clinically-important drowning-associated lung injury (ciDALI) in children.
Study Design: This was a cross-sectional study of children (0 through18 years) who presented to 32 pediatric emergency departments (EDs) from 2010 through 2017. We reviewed demographics, comorbidities, prehospital data, chest radiographs reports, and ED course from emergency medical services, medical, and fatality records.
Lignin, with its complex, high-molecular-weight aromatic polymer structure and stable ether or ester bonds, greatly impedes the efficient degradation of lignocellulosic waste. Bacterial laccases have gained attention for their potential in lignocellulosic waste degradation due to their resilience in extreme conditions and ability to be produced in large quantities. In this study, a novel laccase from Geobacillus thermocatenulatus M17 was identified and expressed in E.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKirsten rat sarcoma (KRAS) is a frequently mutated oncogene responsible for several oncogenic KRAS variants and for driving tumor proliferation. Some nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumors exhibit KRAS G12C mutations, which can be targeted for inhibition using covalent and more recently noncovalent inhibitors. Sotorasib was the first FDA-approved G12C inhibitor that has shown efficacy in lung cancer patients, but with mixed responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlthough dietitians possess expert knowledge on the interplay between nutrition and health, their specific role in family therapy for anorexia nervosa (FT-AN) remains a topic of debate. Some of the literature indicates insufficient evidence to affirm the impact of dietetic interventions, emphasising variability in outcomes and a need for standardised research. This study aimed to identify the clinical characteristics of adolescents requiring dietetic intervention during FT-AN and to assess differences in clinical outcomes between those receiving dietetic support and those who did not.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Aims: Within many alcohol prevention interventions, changes in alcohol-related attitudes (ARA) are often proposed as precursors to changes in drinking behaviour. This study aimed to measure the longitudinal relationship between ARA and behaviour during the implementation of a large-scale prevention trial.
Design And Setting: This study was a two-arm school-based clustered randomized controlled trial.
This study investigates food odour perception and affective response within a virtually simulated spacecraft environment, with links to the volatile composition of odours. Healthy participants (n = 44) between the ages of 18-39 years rated the intensity of eight food odours in two simulated space environments for comparison, a 'microgravity' posture (MicroG Posture; physical) and Virtual Reality (VR; visual-spatial cues) simulation of a spacecraft. Results indicate that these methods yield different outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To determine the levels of soluble (pro)renin receptor (s(P)RR) in women carrying Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander (First Nations) babies and investigate whether s(P)RR levels change in women who have complicated pregnancies.
Study Design: Cross-sectional analysis of data (2010-2018). Data/samples were from the Gomeroi Gaaynggal Study, a longitudinal cohort study based on Gomeroi/Kamilaroi lands (Tamworth), NSW, Australia.
Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome is a broad term employed to characterize lateral hip pain originating from the structures attached to the greater trochanter of the femur. The documented decrease in work participation, elevated levels of pain and dysfunction impeding physical activity, and diminished quality of life align with those observed in individuals with severe hip osteoarthritis. Effectively managing Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome can present considerable challenges.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: In Saudi Arabia, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common cancer in men and the third in women, posing a significant health burden. A comprehensive report of CRC incidence rates and trends in Saudi Arabia is lacking. This study aims to examine trends in CRC incidence among the Saudi population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis research explores the development and evaluation of breakfast cereals formulated from pearl millet (P-1) and finger millet (F-1) flours, with a focus on their nutritional composition and potential anti-obesity properties. The techno-functional properties were assessed, revealing that P-1 exhibited a bulk density of 0.40 ± 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOver the past half a century the Western diet (WD) has become saturated with food additives. During the same time, there has been an increase in Western diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Emerging research has shown that food additives may be implicated in these diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlioblastoma (GBM) is an incurable disease with high intratumoral heterogeneity. Bioinformatic studies have examined transcriptional heterogeneity with differing conclusions. Here, we characterize GBM heterogeneity and highlight critical phenotypic and hierarchical roles for quiescent cancer stem cells (qCSCs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe reproducibility crisis in bioscience, characterized by inconsistent study results, impedes our understanding of biological processes and global collaborative studies offer a unique solution. This study is the first global collaboration using the zebrafish () novel tank test, a behavioral assay for anxiety-like responses. We analyzed data from 20 laboratories worldwide, focusing on housing conditions and experimental setups.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe rising demand for premium quality fruits and vegetables has resulted in an increased necessity for the advancement in active food packaging. This study aimed to develop eugenol-loaded Ag@MOF/poly(lactic acid) (Ag@MOF-EU/PLA) composite films to assess their efficacy in preserving zucchini. The results revealed that Ag@MOF-EU can be uniformly distributed within the PLA matrix, which significantly enhanced the tensile strength, hydrophobicity, and UV-blocking capacity of PLA films, and at the same time had no significant effect on the thermal properties and WVP of the PLA films.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Ni/PPh-catalyzed homocoupling of aryl chlorides in DMF using Zn as the stochiometric reducing agent is one of a general class of Ni-catalyzed processes, where the mechanism has been a matter of long-standing debate. This study re-evaluates prior conclusions and insights. NMR spectroscopy is used to identify [(PPh)Ni(Ar)Cl] as a key intermediate and to explore the indirect roles of using Zn as the reductant.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFApproximately 50% of patients with surgically resected early-stage lung cancer develop distant metastasis. At present, there is no in vivo metastasis model to investigate the biology of human lung cancer metastases. Using well-characterized lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patient-derived organoids (PDOs), we establish an in vivo metastasis model that preserves the biologic features of human metastases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study aimed to address the challenge of extending the shelf life of Boletus wild mushrooms, which are prone to environmental and microbial contamination. An antibacterial film composed of polylactic acid (PLA) and mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with citral (CMP film) was developed for this purpose. Fifteen quality indices were assessed, and the data were integrated using AHP and TOPSIS to evaluate the film's efficacy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFerulic acid ((E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl) prop-2-enoic acid) is a derivative of caffeic acid found in most plants. This abundant phenolic compound exhibits significant antioxidant capacity and a broad spectrum of therapeutic effects, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, antidiabetic, cardiovascular and neuroprotective activities. It is absorbed more quickly by the body and stays in the bloodstream for a longer period compared with other phenolic acids.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Intracranial metastases (ICM) from follicular cell-derived thyroid carcinoma (FCDTC) are rare and are associated with a poor prognosis. The objective of this study is to report our experience in the surgical management of patients with ICM secondary to FCDTC.
Methods: Patients with FCDTC who underwent surgical resection of an ICM were identified at our institution from 1998 to 2018.