Unexpected recombination at the polled locus in a horned Holstein calf from the mating of a homozygous polled sire and a heterozygous polled cow.

In this study, I report an unexpected case of a Holstein calf that developed horns even though the sire was homozygous and the dam was heterozygous for polledness. After verifying and confirming the correct parentage, the parents and offspring were genotyped with the Illumina EuroG_MD BeadChip and the SNPs in the polled region on chromosome 1 were evaluated. In addition, the father was sequenced with next generation sequencing to identify possible, previously unknown variants.

Unlocking Probiotic Potential: Genomic Insights into Weissella paramesenteroides UFTM 2.6.1.

Weissella, a genus of lactic acid bacteria, has diverse beneficial attributes including probiotic activity and biotechnological applications. Therefore, the investigation of the Weissella genus has garnered growing interest. In this study, we sequenced the complete genome of Weissella paramesenteroides UFTM 2.

Correction: A 20 bp Duplication in Exon 2 of the Aristaless-Like Homeobox 4 Gene (ALX4) Is the Candidate Causative Mutation for Tibial Hemimelia Syndrome in Galloway Cattle.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Draft genomes of multidrug-resistant and strains from Brazil representing novel sequence types.

Whole-genome sequencing identified three previously unidentified multilocus sequence types of (ST-12332) and (ST-12333 and ST-12663), harboring resistance genes for multiple antimicrobial classes. The sources of isolation highlight the circulation of resistance strains within animals and humans, emphasizing the need for preventive measures.

Taxonomic and functional characterization of biofilms from a photovoltaic panel reveals high genetic and metabolic complexity of the communities.

Aims: Biofilms are complex microbial cell aggregates that attach to different surfaces in nature, industrial environments, or hospital settings. In photovoltaic panels (PVs), biofilms are related to significant energy conversion losses. In this study, our aim was to characterize the communities of microorganisms and the genes involved in biofilm formation.

Whole-genome sequencing analysis of multidrug-resistant Serratia marcescens isolates in an intensive care unit in Brazil.

Introduction: Serratia marcescens is an opportunistic pathogen found ubiquitously in the environment and associated with a wide range of nosocomial infections. This multidrug-resistant bacterium has been a cause of concern for hospitals and healthcare facilities due to its ability to spread rapidly and cause outbreaks. Next generation sequencing genotyping of bacterial isolates has proven to be a valuable tool for tracking the spread and transmission of nosocomial infections.

Exploring bacterial diversity and antimicrobial resistance gene on a southern Brazilian swine farm.

The bacterial composition of and the circulation of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in waste from Brazilian swine farms are still poorly understood. Considering that antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the main threats to human, animal, and environmental health, the need to accurately assess the load of ARGs released into the environment is urgent. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the microbiota in a swine farm in southern Brazil and the resistome in swine farm wastewater treated in a series of waste stabilization ponds (WSPs).

Pure lignin induces overexpression of cytochrome P450 (CYP) encoding genes and brings insights into the lignocellulose depolymerization by .

is a remarkable white-rot fungus (WRF) with the potential to be applied in lignocellulose conversion to obtain chemical compounds and biofuels. Lignocellulose breakdown by WRF is carried out through the secretion of oxidative and hydrolytic enzymes. Despite the existing knowledge about this process, the complete molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of this metabolic system have not yet been elucidated.

Cross-Species Comparison of the Pan-RAF Inhibitor LY3009120's Anti-Tumor Effects in Equine, Canine, and Human Malignant Melanoma Cell Lines.

Malignant melanomas (MMs) are the abnormal proliferation of melanocytes and are one of the lethal skin cancers in humans, equines, and canines. Accordingly, MMs in companion animals can serve as naturally occurring animal models, completing conventional cancer models. The common constitutive activation of the MAPK and PI3K pathways in MMs has been described in all three species.

Resequencing and characterization of the first genome isolated from camel.

Background: is a zoonotic Gram-positive bacterial pathogen known to cause different diseases in many mammals, including lymph node abscesses in camels. Strains from biovars equi and ovis of can infect camels. Comparative genomics could help to identify features related to host adaptation, and currently strain Cp162 from biovar equi is the only one from camel with a sequenced genome.

Identification of taxonomic changes in the fecal bacteriome associated with colorectal polyps and cancer: potential biomarkers for early diagnosis.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) commonly arises in individuals with premalignant colon lesions known as polyps, with both conditions being influenced by gut microbiota. Host-related factors and inherent characteristics of polyps and tumors may contribute to microbiome variability, potentially acting as confounding factors in the discovery of taxonomic biomarkers for both conditions. In this study we employed shotgun metagenomics to analyze the taxonomic diversity of bacteria present in fecal samples of 90 clinical subjects (comprising 30 CRC patients, 30 with polyps and 30 controls).

A missense mutation in the highly conserved TNF-like domain of Ectodysplasin A is the candidate causative variant for X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia in Limousin cattle: Clinical, histological, and molecular analyses.

Ectodysplasin A related hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (XLHED) is a well-studied fetal developmental disorder in mammals that mainly affects ectodermal structures. It has been identified in a variety of species, including mice, rats, dogs, cattle, and humans. Here, we report the clinical, histological, and molecular biological analyses of a case of XLHED in Limousin cattle.

Characterization of ESBL/AmpC-producing extraintestinal Escherichia coli (ExPEC) in dogs treated at a veterinary hospital in Brazil.

The clinical aspects and lineages involved in Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) infections in dogs remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the antimicrobial resistance and molecular structures of ExPECs isolated from infected dogs in Brazil. Samples were obtained from dogs (n = 42) with suspected extraintestinal bacterial infections.

Comprehensive probiogenomics analysis of the commensal Escherichia coli CEC15 as a potential probiotic strain.

Background: Probiotics have gained attention for their potential maintaining gut and immune homeostasis. They have been found to confer protection against pathogen colonization, possess immunomodulatory effects, enhance gut barrier functionality, and mitigate inflammation. However, a thorough understanding of the unique mechanisms of effects triggered by individual strains is necessary to optimize their therapeutic efficacy.

Probiogenomics of Leuconostoc Mesenteroides Strains F-21 and F-22 Isolated from Human Breast Milk Reveal Beneficial Properties.

Bacteria of the Leuconostoc genus are Gram-positive bacteria that are commonly found in raw milk and persist in fermented dairy products and plant food. Studies have already explored the probiotic potential of L. mesenteroides, but not from a probiogenomic perspective, which aims to explore the molecular features responsible for their phenotypes.

Unveiling Fungal Community Structure along Different Levels of Anthropic Disturbance in a South American Subtropical Lagoon.

Studies of fungal communities through amplicon metagenomics in aquatic environments, particularly in freshwater ecosystems, are still relatively recent. Unfortunately, many of these water bodies are facing growing threats from human expansion, such as effluent discharge from various human activities. As a result, these effluents have the potential to significantly alter the characteristics of water bodies and, subsequently, impact the diversity of their resident microorganisms.

Genetic assessment of the effect of red yeast () as a feed additive on mycotoxin toxicity in laying hens.

Toxic fungal species produce hazardous substances known as mycotoxins. Consumption of mycotoxin contaminated feed and food causes a variety of dangerous diseases and can even lead to death of animals and humans, raising global concerns for adverse health effects. To date, several strategies have been developed to counteract with mycotoxin contamination.

Molecular Characterization of Phage Wara Isolated from River Water in Brazil.

Antimicrobial resistance is increasing despite new treatments being employed, so novel strategies are required to ensure that bacterial infections remain treatable. Bacteriophages (phages; bacteria viruses) have the potential to be used as natural antimicrobial methods to control bacterial pathogens such as spp. A phage, Wara, was isolated from environmental water samples at the Subaé River Basin, Salvador de Bahia, Brazil.

Environmental Biofilms from an Urban Community in Salvador, Brazil, Shelter Previously Uncharacterized Saprophytic Leptospira.

Biofilms are complex microecosystems with valuable ecological roles that can shelter a variety of microorganisms. Spirochetes from the genus Leptospira have been observed to form biofilms in vitro, in rural environments, and in the kidneys of reservoir rats. The genus Leptospira is composed of pathogenic and non-pathogenic species, and the description of new species is ongoing due to the advent of whole genome sequencing.