Comparison of F-GE-180 and dynamic F-FET PET in high grade glioma: a double-tracer pilot study.

Background: PET represents a valuable tool for glioma imaging. In addition to amino acid tracers such as F-FET, PET targeting the 18-kDa mitochondrial translocator-protein (TSPO) is of high interest for high-grade glioma (HGG) imaging due to its upregulation in HGG cells. F-GE-180, a novel TSPO ligand, has shown a high target-to-background contrast in HGG.

Dissolution or disintegration - substitution of dissolution by disintegration testing for a fixed dose combination product.

According to International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) guideline Q6A, dissolution testing can be replaced by disintegration testing if it can be shown that the active pharmaceutical ingredient is highly soluble and the formulation is rapidly releasing. In addition, a relationship between dissolution and disintegration has to be established. For a fixed-dose combination tablet of empagliflozin and linagliptin, this relationship was established by applying two different approaches.

A comprehensive analysis of auditory event-related potentials and network oscillations in an NMDA receptor antagonist mouse model using a novel wireless recording technology.

There is growing evidence that impaired sensory processing significantly contributes to cognitive deficits found in schizophrenia. Electroencephalography (EEG) has become an important preclinical and clinical technique to investigate the underlying mechanisms of neurophysiological dysfunctions in psychiatric disorders. Patients with schizophrenia show marked deficits in auditory event-related potentials (ERP), the detection of deviant auditory stimuli (mismatch negativity, MMN), the generation and synchronization of 40 Hz gamma oscillations in response to steady-state auditory stimulation (ASSR) and reduced auditory-evoked oscillation in the gamma range.

Superior vena cava syndrome related to mediastinal lymphoma in late pregnancy: A case report.

We report the initial diagnosis in a 28-year-old nulliparous woman of a primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma in late pregnancy. For several weeks the patient had had symptoms of mediastinal obstruction, such as dyspnea, cough, swelling of the face and upper limbs. However, these symptoms had been misattributed to the pregnancy and a common cold.

A novel real-space navigation paradigm reveals age- and gender-dependent changes of navigational strategies and hippocampal activation.

Objective: To establish a novel multimodal real-space navigation paradigm and define age- and gender-related normative values for navigation performance and visual exploration strategies in space.

Methods: A group of 30 healthy subjects (mean age 45.9 ± 16.

Serotonin Selective Reuptake Inhibitor Treatment Improves Cognition and Grey Matter Atrophy but not Amyloid Burden During Two-Year Follow-Up in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease Patients with Depressive Symptoms.

Late-life depression, even when of subsyndromal severity, has shown strong associations with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Preclinical studies have suggested that serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) can attenuate amyloidogenesis. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of SSRI medication on amyloidosis and grey matter volume in subsyndromal depressed subjects with MCI and AD during an interval of two years.

Clinical Routine FDG-PET Imaging of Suspected Progressive Supranuclear Palsy and Corticobasal Degeneration: A Gatekeeper for Subsequent Tau-PET Imaging?

F-18-fluordeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) is widely used for discriminative diagnosis of tau-positive atypical parkinsonian syndromes (T+APS). This approach now stands to be augmented with more specific tau tracers. Therefore, we retrospectively analyzed a large clinical routine dataset of FDG-PET images for evaluation of the strengths and limitations of stand-alone FDG-PET.

Imaging correlates of behavioral impairments: An experimental PET study in the rat pilocarpine epilepsy model.

Psychiatric comorbidities are prevalent in patients with epilepsy and greatly contribute to the overall burden of disease. The availability of reliable biomarkers to diagnose epilepsy-associated comorbidities would allow for effective treatment and improved disease management. Due to their non-invasive nature, molecular imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET) are ideal tools to measure pathologic changes.

Comparison of F-T807 and F-THK5117 PET in a Mouse Model of Tau Pathology.

Positron-emission-tomography (PET) imaging of tau pathology has facilitated development of anti-tau therapies. While members of the arylquinoline and pyridoindole families have been the most frequently used tau radioligands so far, analyses of their comparative performance are scantly documented. Here, we conducted a head-to-head PET comparison of the arylquinoline FT807 and the pyridoindole FTHK5117 PET in a mouse model of tau pathology.

Sensitivity of Yeast Mutants Deficient in Mitochondrial or Vacuolar ABC Transporters to Pathogenesis-Related Protein PR-10 of .

Pathogenesis-related proteins (PRs) are induced in plants after infection by pathogens and/or abiotic stress. Among these proteins, the family 10 (PR-10) influences the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and shows antimicrobial ribonuclease activity. PR-10p (Pathogenesis-related Protein 10 of ) was isolated from resistant and susceptible cacao cultivars.

Data on specificity of [F]GE180 uptake for TSPO expression in rodent brain and myocardium.

Data in this article show radioligand uptake (to gamma counter and positron-emission-tomography) as well as polymerase chain reaction analyses of 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) quantification. We confirmed specificity of [F]GE180 binding of rodent brain and myocardium by blocking experiments with prior application of non-radioactive GE180, using dynamic in vivo positron-emission-tomography and ex vivo gamma counter measurements. Expression of TSPO was compared between rodent brain and myocardium by quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

Detection of Cerebrospinal Fluid Dissemination of Recurrent Glioblastoma Using TSPO-PET With 18F-GE-180.

PET targeting the translocator protein (TSPO) represents an interesting approach for glioma visualization, as TSPO is highly expressed in tumor cells. We present a 32-year-old man with recurrent glioblastoma after multimodal treatment. PET with the novel TSPO ligand F-GE-180 was performed after reirradiation.

The correlation between striatal and cortical binding ratio of C-PiB-PET in amyloid-uptake-positive patients.

Purpose: In subjects with amyloid deposition, striatal accumulation of C-Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) demonstrated by positron emission tomography (PET) is related to the stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we investigated the correlation between striatal and cortical non-displaceable binding potential (BP).

Methods: Seventy-three subjects who complained of cognitive disturbance underwent dynamic PiB-PET studies and showed positive PiB accumulation were retrospectively selected.

Noradrenaline transporter availability on [C]MRB PET predicts weight loss success in highly obese adults.

Purpose: Although the mechanisms by which the central noradrenaline (NA) system influences appetite and controls energy balance are quite well understood, its relationship to changes in body weight remains largely unknown. The main goal of this study was to further clarify whether the brain NA system is a stable trait or whether it can be altered by dietary intervention.

Methods: We aimed to compare central NA transporter (NAT) availability in ten obese, otherwise healthy individuals with a body mass index (BMI) of 42.

TSPO PET with [F]GE-180 sensitively detects focal neuroinflammation in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

Purpose: Expression of the translocator protein (TSPO) is upregulated in activated macrophages/microglia and is considered to be a marker of neuroinflammation. We investigated the novel TSPO ligand [F]GE-180 in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) to determine the feasibility of [F]GE-180 PET imaging in RRMS patients and to assess its ability to detect active inflammatory lesions in comparison with the current gold standard, contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: Nineteen RRMS patients were prospectively included in this study.

Identification of distinct nanoparticles and subsets of extracellular vesicles by asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation.

The heterogeneity of exosomal populations has hindered our understanding of their biogenesis, molecular composition, biodistribution and functions. By employing asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation (AF4), we identified two exosome subpopulations (large exosome vesicles, Exo-L, 90-120 nm; small exosome vesicles, Exo-S, 60-80 nm) and discovered an abundant population of non-membranous nanoparticles termed 'exomeres' (~35 nm). Exomere proteomic profiling revealed an enrichment in metabolic enzymes and hypoxia, microtubule and coagulation proteins as well as specific pathways, such as glycolysis and mTOR signalling.

[F]-THK5351 PET Correlates with Topology and Symptom Severity in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy.

Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a neurodegenerative movement disorder characterized by deposition of fibrillar aggregates of 4R tau-protein in neurons and glial cells of the brain. These deposits are a key neuropathological finding, allowing a diagnosis of "definite PSP," which is usually established post mortem. To date criteria for clinical diagnosis of PSP do not include biomarkers of tau pathology.

Imaging of Glial Activation after Unilateral Labyrinthectomy in the Rat: A [F]GE180-PET Study.

The functional relevance of reactive gliosis for recovery from acute unilateral vestibulopathy is unknown. In the present study, glial activation was visualized by [F]GE180-PET in a rat model of unilateral labyrinthectomy (UL) and compared to behavioral vestibular compensation (VC) overtime. 14 Sprague-Dawley rats underwent a UL by transtympanic injection of bupivacaine/arsenilate, 14 rats a SHAM UL (injection of normal saline).

TSPO imaging using the novel PET ligand [F]GE-180: quantification approaches in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Background: PET ligands targeting the translocator protein (TSPO) represent promising tools to visualise neuroinflammation. Here, we analysed parameters obtained in dynamic and static PET images using the novel TSPO ligand [F]GE-180 in patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and an approach for semi-quantitative assessment of this disease in clinical routine. Seventeen dynamic [F]GE-180 PET scans of RRMS patients were evaluated (90 min).

Coupling between physiological TSPO expression in brain and myocardium allows stabilization of late-phase cerebral [F]GE180 PET quantification.

Objectives: PET imaging of the 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO), a biomarker of microglial activity, receives growing interest in clinical and preclinical applications of neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative brain diseases. In globally affected brains, intra-cerebral pseudo reference regions are not feasible. Consequently, many brain-independent approaches have been attempted, including SUV analysis and normalization to muscle- or heart uptake, aiming to stabilize quantitative analysis.

Perfusion-Phase [F]THK5351 Tau-PET Imaging as a Surrogate Marker for Neurodegeneration.

We aimed to test if early, perfusion phase tau-PET imaging with [F]THK5351 might substitute for [F]FDG PET information on neurodegeneration, as has been previously shown for amyloid-tracers. A patient with cognitive impairment and positive amyloid-PET was examined by [F]THK5351 tau-PET and [F]FDG PET. The pattern of early phase of [F]THK5351 uptake was compared to [F]FDG visually and by the dice similarity coefficient.

Additive value of amyloid-PET in routine cases of clinical dementia work-up after FDG-PET.

Purpose: In recent years, several [F]-labeled amyloid-PET tracers have been developed and have obtained clinical approval. Despite their widespread scientific use, studies in routine clinical settings are limited. We therefore investigated the impact of [F]-florbetaben (FBB)-PET on the diagnostic management of patients with suspected dementia that was still unclarified after [F]-fluordeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET.

TSPO PET for glioma imaging using the novel ligand F-GE-180: first results in patients with glioblastoma.

Objective: The 18-kDa mitochondrial translocator protein (TSPO) was reported to be upregulated in gliomas. F-GE-180 is a novel 3rd generation TSPO receptor ligand with improved target-to-background contrast compared to previous tracers. In this pilot study, we compared PET imaging with F-GE-180 and MRI of patients with untreated and recurrent pretreated glioblastoma.

Time Courses of Cortical Glucose Metabolism and Microglial Activity Across the Life Span of Wild-Type Mice: A PET Study.

Contrary to findings in the human brain, F-FDG PET shows cerebral hypermetabolism of aged wild-type (WT) mice relative to younger animals, supposedly due to microglial activation. Therefore, we used dual-tracer small-animal PET to examine directly the link between neuroinflammation and hypermetabolism in aged mice. WT mice (5-20 mo) were investigated in a cross-sectional design using F-FDG ( = 43) and translocator protein (TSPO) (F-GE180; = 58) small-animal PET, with volume-of-interest and voxelwise analyses.