Publications by authors named "Brendan Scott"

Article Synopsis
  • The study examined how cycling performance is affected by low oxygen levels (hypoxia) at different exercise intensities (lactate thresholds 1 and 2) while keeping heart rate constant.
  • Results showed that power output (PO) was significantly lower in hypoxic conditions at lower intensity (LT1), while differences at higher intensity (LT2) only appeared later in the exercise duration.
  • Overall, the findings suggest that exercising in simulated altitude (∼3500 m) primarily decreases cycling power at lower intensities, indicating that hypoxia impacts performance more at these levels while not significantly affecting other internal physiological responses.
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  • This study examined how strength and conditioning coaches prescribe resistance training during planned deloading periods in sports, using data from 204 coaches worldwide.
  • Coaches typically reported prescribing 1-2 sessions of resistance training per week during deloading, focusing on reduced volume (most commonly by 0-25%) and sometimes intensity (0-25%) across various periods.
  • The most common barriers preventing coaches from prescribing resistance training were scheduling/time limitations and a lack of equipment, particularly prevalent during travel periods.
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Snyder, L, Goods, PSR, Peeling, P, Balloch, A, Peiffer, JJ, Binnie, MJ, and Scott, BR. Contribution of physical characteristics to game performance in male wheelchair basketball athletes at the Tokyo Paralympic Games. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2024-This investigation explored the physical characteristics of elite male wheelchair basketball (WCB) athletes and their association with game performance during the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games.

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Goods, PS, Appleby, B, Scott, BR, Peeling, P, and Galna, B. High-intensity running during international male field hockey involves frequent changes of direction and repeated accelerations but seldom reaches sprint velocities. J Strength Cond Res 38(11): 1933-1940, 2024-The aim of this investigation was to quantify the characteristics of high-intensity running in international male field hockey.

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We assessed the accuracy and inter-sessional reliability of traditional (manual) compared to automatic (AutoHR) heart rate (HR) clamping methods during submaximal intensity continuous cycling. On separate occasions, thirteen males cycled at an HR corresponding to 80% of the ventilatory threshold for 18 min. Cycling power output was adjusted using either manual or AutoHR methods, encompassing three trials per method.

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This study examined the impact of continuous blood flow restriction (BFR) during repeated-sprint exercise (RSE) on acute performance, peripheral, systemic physiological, and perceptual responses. In a randomized crossover design, 26 adult male semi-professional and amateur team-sport players completed two RSE sessions (3 sets of 5 × 5-s sprints with 25 s of passive recovery and 3 min of rest) with continuous BFR (45% arterial occlusion; excluding during between-set rest periods) or without (non-BFR). Mean and peak power output were significantly lower (p < 0.

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We investigated whether a single heart rate clamped cycling session under systemic hypoxia affects the recovery of physical and psycho-physiological responses from residual fatigue compared to normoxia. On separate occasions, twelve trained males performed a 3-d acute training camp scenario. On days 1 and 3, participants cycled for 60 min at a constant heart rate (80% of ventilatory threshold).

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Purpose: This study examined performance and physiological adaptations following 3 weeks of repeated-sprint training (RST) with blood-flow restriction (BFR) or without (non-BFR).

Methods: Twenty-six semiprofessional and amateur adult male team-sport players were assessed for repeated-sprint ability, anaerobic capacity, leg lean mass, neuromuscular function, and maximal aerobic capacity before and after RST. Participants completed 9 cycling RST sessions (3 sets of 5-7 × 5-s sprints, 25-s passive recovery, 3-min rest) over a 3-week period with BFR or non-BFR.

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Scott, BR, Marston, KJ, Owens, J, Rolnick, N, and Patterson, SD. Current implementation and barriers to using blood flow restriction training: Insights from a survey of allied health practitioners. J Strength Cond Res 38(3): 481-490, 2024-This study investigated the use of blood flow restriction (BFR) exercise by practitioners working specifically with clinical or older populations, and the barriers preventing some practitioners from prescribing BFR.

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Mckee, JR, Girard, O, Peiffer, JJ, and Scott, BR. Manipulating internal and external loads during repeated cycling sprints: A comparison of continuous and intermittent blood flow restriction. J Strength Cond Res 38(1): 47-54, 2024-This study examined the impact of blood flow restriction (BFR) application method (continuous vs.

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Objectives: To investigate the acute effects of graded hypoxia on external and internal loads during 60 min of endurance cycling at a clamped heart rate.

Design: Repeated measures.

Methods: On separate visits, 16 trained males cycled for 60 min at a clamped heart rate corresponding to 80 % of their first ventilatory threshold at sea-level and 2500 m, 3000 m, 3500 m and 4000 m simulated altitudes (inspired oxygen fractions of 20.

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Purpose: Athletes regularly perform resistance training, yet it is unknown how best to monitor its intensity. This study compared different resistance exercise intensity metrics to determine their sensitivity to manipulating work rate (via altering inter-set rest and load).

Methods: Following baseline testing for 10- and 3-repetition maximum (RM; squat and bench press), fourteen trained participants completed four volume-matched protocols in a randomised order: 3x10 with 85% 10RM, 60 s rest (3x1060s); 3x10 with 85% 10RM, 180 s (3x10180s); 8x3 with 85% 3RM, 120 s (8x3120s); 8x3 with 85% 3RM, 300 s (8x3300s).

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Background: Exercise with blood-flow restriction (BFR) is being increasingly used by practitioners working with athletic and clinical populations alike. Most early research combined BFR with low-load resistance training and consistently reported increased muscle size and strength without requiring the heavier loads that are traditionally used for unrestricted resistance training. However, this field has evolved with several different active and passive BFR methods emerging in recent research.

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Article Synopsis
  • - This study analyzed how reliable concentric bar velocity measurements are for estimating how many repetitions a person can do before failure (known as repetitions in reserve, or RIR) during different exercises (bench press and prone row) with varying weights (60% and 80% of 1RM).
  • - Results showed that while velocity decreased consistently from 3 to 0 RIR, the correlation of velocity measurements across sets was low for the bench press, but more reliable for the prone row.
  • - Overall, the study found that only about 30% of the initial set's velocity could accurately predict RIR in later sets, indicating that these velocity-based estimates are often unreliable and alternative methods should be explored for regulating exercise intensity
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This investigation explored differences in the pre-tournament preparation period relative to the movement demands of the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games for the Australian male field-hockey team. Movement data was collected over 7 months prior to and during the 13-day Olympic tournament. Duration, distance (total; >80% individual peak velocity; >5 m.

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Purpose: This study examined the influence of blood-flow restriction (BFR) on the distribution of pace, physiological demands, and perceptual responses during self-paced cycling.

Methods: On separate days, 12 endurance cyclists/triathletes were instructed to produce the greatest average power output during 8-minute self-paced cycling trials with BFR (60% arterial occlusion pressure) or without restriction (CON). Power output and cardiorespiratory variables were measured continuously.

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To determine whether performing resistance exercise in hypoxia acutely reduces performance and increases markers of fatigue, and whether these responses are exaggerated if exercising at high low work rates (i.e., exercising to failure or volume matched non-failure).

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Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to compare heart rate, oxygen consumption, blood lactate, and perceived exertion in arm cycling with and without blood flow restriction.
  • Twelve healthy males participated in four different arm cycling conditions, including high-workload and low-workload with blood flow restriction, measuring various physiological responses during and after the exercises.
  • Results showed that high-workload cycling produced the most significant physiological responses, suggesting that increasing exercise intensity is more effective than using blood flow restriction for improving arm cycling performance.
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Article Synopsis
  • Maximal strength predictions can be made using the load-velocity relationship (LVR), but ensuring valid and reliable outcomes requires careful methodological approaches.
  • A systematic review evaluated factors that affect the validity of these strength predictions, analyzing studies comparing direct one-repetition maximum (1RM) assessments with LVR-based predictions.
  • Twenty-five studies involving 842 participants highlighted key factors influencing prediction efficacy, including the number of loads tested, the specific exercise performed, the velocity metric used, and the monitoring device.
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Introduction: Evidence suggests that maintaining a higher level of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) later in life can offer some protection against brain volume loss as we age. By contrast, mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) could accelerate age-related cortical atrophy. The current study sought to examine whether variations in the CRF level modified the association between mTBI history and brain volumetric measures in a sample of older adults.

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Article Synopsis
  • This study investigated the effects of blood flow restriction (BFR) during aerobic cycling intervals on training loads and load ratios in 14 endurance athletes.
  • Results showed that the Lucia TRIMP (a measure of internal load) was lower in BFR sessions, and total work done was significantly reduced compared to non-BFR sessions.
  • The study concluded that both internal and external training loads should be tracked when using BFR, with the Lucia TRIMP:TWD ratio being more indicative of BFR effects compared to other ratios.
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This study investigated whether walking with blood flow restriction (BFR) increases acute cardio-respiratory demands to the point that it can be considered an alternative for jogging. Sixteen physically active adults completed five experimental sessions (order randomised), comprising 10 min of treadmill exercise. Two sessions included unrestricted walking, two sessions required walking with BFR cuffs positioned on the lower limbs inflated to 60% of individualised arterial occlusion pressure, and one session was conducted at a jogging pace.

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Purpose: Acute intermittent hypoxia (AIH) is a safe and non-invasive treatment approach that uses brief, repetitive periods of breathing reduced oxygen air alternated with normoxia. While AIH is known to affect spinal circuit excitability, the effects of AIH on cortical excitability remain largely unknown. We investigated the effects of AIH on cortical excitability within the primary motor cortex.

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Objectives: Identify whether the application of blood flow restriction (BFR) during walking influences fraction of expired oxygen (FO) and carbon dioxide (FCO) measures, key variables in the calculation of oxygen consumption (V̇O) via indirect calorimetry.

Design: Randomised cross-over.

Methods: On separate visits, sixteen participants completed four experimental sessions (order randomised), each comprising 10 min of treadmill exercise; i.

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