The health and educational costs of preterm birth to 18 years of age in Australia.

Background: Preterm birth is the greatest cause of death up to five years of age and an important contributor to lifelong disability. There is increasing evidence that a meaningful proportion of early births may be prevented, but widespread introduction of effective preventive strategies will require financial support.

Aims: This study estimated the economic cost to the Australian government of preterm birth, up to 18 years of age.