Hippocampal and left subcallosal anterior cingulate atrophy in psychotic depression.

Background: Psychotic depression is arguably the most diagnostically stable subtype of major depressive disorder, and an attractive target of study in a famously heterogeneous mental illness. Previous imaging studies have identified abnormal volumes of the hippocampus, amygdala, and subcallosal region of the anterior cingulate cortex (scACC) in psychotic depression, though studies have not yet examined the role of family history of depression in these relationships.

Methods: 20 participants with psychotic depression preparing to undergo electroconvulsive therapy and 20 healthy comparison participants (13 women and 7 men in each group) underwent structural brain imaging in a 1.

Effects of age on white matter integrity and negative symptoms in schizophrenia.

The current study examined the relationship between white matter integrity as indexed by diffusion tensor imaging and negative symptom severity in schizophrenia. The current study included statistical controls for age effects on the relationship of interest, a major weakness of the existing literature on the subject. Participants included 59 chronic schizophrenia patients, and 31 first-episode schizophrenia patients.

Longitudinal examination of decision-making performance in anorexia nervosa: before and after weight restoration.

Background: This study aimed to extend previous work on decision-making deficits in anorexia nervosa (AN) by using a longitudinal design to examine decision-making before and after weight restoration.

Methods: Participants were 22 women with AN and 20 healthy comparison participants who completed the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). Decision-making was assessed both before and after weight restoration in a subset of 14 AN patients.

Hypertensive posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome causing posterior fossa edema and hydrocephalus.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a well characterized entity resulting from the inability of cerebral autoregulation to adequately protect the brain from uncontrolled hypertension. It primarily affects the occipital lobes, but can also involve the structures in the posterior fossa including the brainstem and cerebellum. Treatment usually consists of strict blood pressure control, but more aggressive management may be indicated with acutely worsening neurological status.

Method for determining molar concentrations of metabolites in complex solutions from two-dimensional 1H-13C NMR spectra.

One-dimensional (1D) (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is used extensively for high-throughput analysis of metabolites in biological fluids and tissue extracts. Typically, such spectra are treated as multivariate statistical objects rather than as collections of quantifiable metabolites. We report here a two-dimensional (2D) (1)H-(13)C NMR strategy (fast metabolite quantification, FMQ, by NMR) for identifying and quantifying the approximately 40 most abundant metabolites in biological samples.