Presentation, treatment, and outcomes of chondrosarcoma in young adult patients less than age 50: A case series of ten patients.

Chondrosarcoma is an aggressive bone tumor typically affecting older adults in the 6th and 7th decade. These tumors often present as painful masses in the pelvis, ribs, and long bones and have certain characteristic features on the imaging leading to the diagnosis. The occurrence of these tumors in the young adult population is a rare condition that is not well described.

Subchondroplasty for Osteonecrosis of the Knee.

Subchondroplasty is a relatively new minimally invasive procedure that has been used to treat bone marrow edema associated with osteoarthritis. Subchondroplasty as treatment for early stage osteonecrosis of the knee has not been extensively studied. The authors hypothesized that subchondroplasty may be an effective treatment for relieving pain, improving function, and preventing collapse in osteonecrosis.

Synthetic cartilage implant hemiarthroplasty versus cheilectomy for the treatment of hallux rigidus.

Degenerative arthritis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint, hallux rigidus, is the most common type of arthritis of the foot, affecting nearly 2.5% of the population over the age of 50. Hallux rigidus can be treated surgically with either Cheilectomy or Synthetic cartilage implant (SCI) hemiarthroplasty.

Mini-Open Achilles Tendon Repair: Improving Outcomes While Decreasing Complications.

An acute rupture of the Achilles tendon is a traumatic injury that can cause considerable morbidity and reduced function. Nonoperative intervention may put patients at higher risk of rerupture, whereas surgical intervention carries risk of infection, wound complications, and iatrogenic nerve injury. The mini-open Achilles tendon repair technique has been popularized in helping decrease complications.

Intravenous lidocaine for the treatment of acute pain in the emergency department.

Objective: To evaluate intravenous lidocaine's safety and efficacy as an analgesic agent in the treatment of a variety of painful conditions presenting to the emergency department.

Methods: This case series identified seventeen patients who received lidocaine over a six month period and recorded demographic data, amount of lidocaine administered, the amount of opioid medication administered before and after lidocaine, pre- and post-lidocaine pain scores, and any qualitative descriptors of the patient's pain recorded in the record. Side effects and adverse events were also recorded.

The effects of denervation and formoterol administration on facial growth.

Objective: To identify and demonstrate possible alterations of skeletal structures which might follow either unilateral surgical denervation of the masseter muscle, unilateral intramuscular injection of formoterol directly into the masseter muscle, or intramuscular formoterol injection after surgical denervation.

Materials And Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats (N = 16; four weeks of age) were prepared as four groups: 1. surgical sham + saline injection into the masseter muscle (sham); 2.

Denervation and beta2-adrenoceptor-agonist administration on craniofacial bone density.

Objective: Beta2-agonist medications are thought to have adverse effects on bone density. Surgical denervation and intramuscular beta2-agonist injections appear to have opposing effects on skeletal muscles. The present study has been designed to assess the effects of denervation of the masseter, intramuscular injection of a beta2-agonist and the combination of both procedures, on bone density in the craniofacial skeleton in rats.

Biological constraints limit the use of rapamycin-inducible FKBP12-Inp54p for depleting PIP2 in dorsal root ganglia neurons.

Background: Rapamycin-induced translocation systems can be used to manipulate biological processes with precise temporal control. These systems are based on rapamycin-induced dimerization of FK506 Binding Protein 12 (FKBP12) with the FKBP Rapamycin Binding (FRB) domain of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Here, we sought to adapt a rapamycin-inducible phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2)-specific phosphatase (Inp54p) system to deplete PIP2 in nociceptive dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons.

Prostatic acid phosphatase is required for the antinociceptive effects of thiamine and benfotiamine.

Thiamine (Vitamin B1) is an essential vitamin that must be obtained from the diet for proper neurological function. At higher doses, thiamine and benfotiamine (S-benzoylthiamine O-monophosphate, BT)-a phosphorylated derivative of thiamine-have antinociceptive effects in animals and humans, although how these compounds inhibit pain is unknown. Here, we found that Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP, ACPP) can dephosphorylate BT in vitro, in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons and in primary-afferent axon terminals in the dorsal spinal cord.

Industry self-regulation to improve student health: quantifying changes in beverage shipments to schools.

Objectives: We developed a data collection and monitoring system to independently evaluate the self-regulatory effort to reduce the number of beverage calories available to children during the regular and extended school day. We have described the data collection procedures used to verify data supplied by the beverage industry and quantified changes in school beverage shipments.

Methods: Using a proprietary industry data set collected in 2005 and semiannually in 2007 through 2010, we measured the total volume of beverage shipments to elementary, middle, and high schools to monitor intertemporal changes in beverage volumes, the composition of products delivered to schools, and portion sizes.

Orally active adenosine A(1) receptor agonists with antinociceptive effects in mice.

Adenosine A(1) receptor (A(1)AR) agonists have antinociceptive effects in multiple preclinical models of acute and chronic pain. Although numerous A(1)AR agonists have been developed, clinical applications of these agents have been hampered by their cardiovascular side effects. Herein we report a series of novel A(1)AR agonists, some of which are structurally related to adenosine 5'-monophosphate (5'-AMP), a naturally occurring nucleotide that itself activates A(1)AR.

Secretion and N-linked glycosylation are required for prostatic acid phosphatase catalytic and antinociceptive activity.

Secretory human prostatic acid phosphatase (hPAP) is glycosylated at three asparagine residues (N62, N188, N301) and has potent antinociceptive effects when administered to mice. Currently, it is unknown if these N-linked residues are required for hPAP protein stability and activity in vitro or in animal models of chronic pain. Here, we expressed wild-type hPAP and a series of Asn to Gln point mutations in the yeast Pichia pastoris X33 then analyzed protein levels and enzyme activity in cell lysates and in conditioned media.