Distractions when viewing in-hospital heart failure self-care videos and change in heart failure self-care knowledge.

Background: When viewing in-hospital heart failure (HF) education videos, internal and external distractions could interfere with understanding of educational content.

Objective: To examine if distractions when learning are associated with HF knowledge.

Methods: HF self-care knowledge was assessed using a validated HF knowledge instrument.

Anxiety and depression moderate the relationship between quality of life and self-care in patients with heart failure.

The purpose of this study was to determine perceptions of heart failure quality of life and its relationship to self-care as moderated by anxiety and depression. Older adults (n = 85) were surveyed using Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-12, Self-Care of Heart Failure Index V6.2, and Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Anxiety and Depression Short Forms 4a.

Genomic diversity of bacteriophages infecting Rhodobacter capsulatus and their relatedness to its gene transfer agent RcGTA.

The diversity of bacteriophages is likely unparalleled in the biome due to the immense variety of hosts and the multitude of viruses that infect them. Recent efforts have led to description at the genomic level of numerous bacteriophages that infect the Actinobacteria, but relatively little is known about those infecting other prokaryotic phyla, such as the purple non-sulfur photosynthetic α-proteobacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus. This species is a common inhabitant of freshwater ecosystems and has been an important model system for the study of photosynthesis.

Efficacy of a Web-Based Intervention (Smart Choices 4 Teens) for Facilitating Parent-Adolescent Communication About Relationships and Sexuality: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: There is a need for interventions that promote healthy decision making among adolescents and leverage the ongoing impact of parental relationships through older adolescence and young adulthood. These interventions should maximize adolescent engagement and be easily accessible to families in terms of cost, duration, and logistics related to participation.

Objective: This study aims to test the efficacy of the healthy relationships and sexual decision-making component of a web-based intervention for older adolescents and their parents, ascertain whether the efficacy varies by gender, and assess its efficacy over time.

Introduction to the Special Issue on "Promoting a Culture of Prevention: an International Perspective".

The primary goal of this special issue is to showcase novel, theory-driven, creative, and rigorous contributions to our understanding of the existence and development of a culture of prevention and readiness to prevent. The term "culture of prevention" is neither a set of practical guidelines nor a leading theory. Instead, it is a multidimensional term representing the general orientation and readiness of a group of people (be it a family, community, school, organization, nation, etc.

Exposure to alcohol outlets, alcohol access, and alcohol consumption among adolescents.

Background: Adolescents who live near more alcohol outlets tend to consume more alcohol, despite laws prohibiting alcohol purchases for people aged <21 years. We examined relationships between adolescents' exposure to alcohol outlets, the sources through which they access alcohol, and their alcohol consumption.

Methods: Participants for this longitudinal study (n = 168) were aged 15-18 years and were from 10 cities in the San Francisco Bay Area.

Impact of Group Cohesion Among Drinking Groups at Nightclubs on Risk From Alcohol and Other Drug Use.

Although protective strategies are implemented within drinking groups, alcohol and other drugs (AOD) use may increase when protective strategies are in place. Being in a cohesive group could lead to a false sense of security, leading to more risk taking. This study examines whether club patrons perceiving greater group cohesion implement fewer protective strategies and use more AOD.

Prevention of Alcohol and Other Drug Overuse Among Nightclub Patrons: A Randomized Trial of a Group-Based Mobile Intervention at Nightclubs.

Objective: Electronic music dance events (EMDEs) at nightclubs attract young adults engaging in high-risk alcohol and other drug (AOD) use. Studies show that most patrons arrive at clubs in groups and that these peer groups influence drinking. Therefore, peer groups are a natural context for preventing risk behaviors.

Assessing Individuals' Exposure to Environmental Conditions Using Residence-based Measures, Activity Location-based Measures, and Activity Path-based Measures.

Background: Many approaches are available to researchers who wish to measure individuals' exposure to environmental conditions. Different approaches may yield different estimates of associations with health outcomes. Taking adolescents' exposure to alcohol outlets as an example, we aimed to (1) compare exposure measures and (2) assess whether exposure measures were differentially associated with alcohol consumption.

Prevention of alcohol use in older teens: A randomized trial of an online family prevention program.

This study examines effects of a randomized controlled trial for an online, family-based prevention program for older teens, Smart Choices 4 Teens, on alcohol use and related outcomes. Families (N = 411; teen age M = 16.4, SD = 0.

Correction to: Examining the Interdependence of Parent-adolescent Acculturation Gaps on Acculturation-based Conflict: Using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model.

The original version of this article unfortunately contained an alignment error in the tables. The corrected Tables 1 and 2 are presented with this erratum.

Examining the Interdependence of Parent-adolescent Acculturation Gaps on Acculturation-based Conflict: Using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model.

While some studies have supported the conceptual models developed to explain how conflict may result from parent-adolescent acculturation gaps within immigrant families, others have produced contradictory findings. Therefore, the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model may be a step toward explaining the discrepancies in the field. It is a model for dyadic data analysis.

Using Panel Vendors for Recruitment Into a Web-Based Family Prevention Program: Methodological Considerations.

Use of online panel vendors in research has grown over the past decade. Panel vendors are organizations that recruit participants into a panel to take part in web-based surveys and match panelists to a target audience for data collection. We used two panel vendors to recruit families ( N = 411) with a 16- to 17-year-old teen to participate in a randomized control trial (RCT) of an online family-based program to prevent underage drinking and risky sexual behaviors.

Association of environmental indicators with teen alcohol use and problem behavior: Teens' observations vs. objectively-measured indicators.

Unlabelled: Most prior studies use objectively measured data (e.g., census-based indicators) to assess contextual risks.

Social Drinking Groups and Risk Experience in Nightclubs: Latent Class Analysis.

Nightclubs are a setting in which young adults purposefully seek out experiences, such as drug use and alcohol intoxication that can expose them to physical harm. While physical harm occurs fairly frequently within clubs, many patrons have safe clubbing experiences. Further, not all patrons experience potential harms the same way, as there are differences in aggression and intoxication.

Brief report: Using global positioning system (GPS) enabled cell phones to examine adolescent travel patterns and time in proximity to alcohol outlets.

As adolescents gain freedom to explore new environments unsupervised, more time in proximity to alcohol outlets may increase risks for alcohol and marijuana use. This pilot study: 1) Describes variations in adolescents' proximity to outlets by time of day and day of the week, 2) Examines variations in outlet proximity by drinking and marijuana use status, and 3) Tests feasibility of obtaining real-time data to study adolescent proximity to outlets. U.

Drinking group characteristics related to willingness to engage in protective behaviors with the group at nightclubs.

Electronic music dance events (EMDEs) in nightclubs are settings where young adults tend to engage in high-risk behaviors, such as heavy alcohol and drug use. Consequences of these behaviors may be prevented if young adults engage in protective strategies with their drinking group. It is important to identify drinking group characteristics that predict willingness to intervene with peers.

Night club patrons who feel safe will return: Evidence to encourage management to address club violence.

Introduction: There is substantial evidence that heavy drinking is associated with aggression and violence. Most managers of drinking establishments are required to maintain a security staff to deal with disruptive patrons who threaten an organization's business or legal status. However, managers may focus little on minor instances of aggression even though these may escalate into more serious events.

Clubbing With Familiar Social Groups: Relaxed Vigilance and Implications for Risk.

Objective: This research examined the relationship between the intragroup familiarity among peers visiting nightclubs and the likelihood of experiencing negative outcomes. We hypothesized, based on our prior work, that members who are more familiar with their group would be more likely to experience sexual and physical aggression while at the club.

Method: The study involved 1,765 young adults (within 654 natural groups) sampled at nightclubs in the San Francisco Bay area.

Method of transportation and drinking among club patrons.

Objective: The current study examines the variation in alcohol use among nightclub patrons under three transportation conditions: those who departed from a club using modes of transportation other than cars or motorcycles (e.g., pedestrians, bicyclists, subway riders); those who were passengers of drivers (auto/taxi passenger patrons); and those who drove from the club (driving patrons).

Tracking Adolescents With Global Positioning System-Enabled Cell Phones to Study Contextual Exposures and Alcohol and Marijuana Use: A Pilot Study.

Purpose: Measuring activity spaces, places adolescents spend time, provides information about relations between contextual exposures and risk behaviors. We studied whether contextual exposures in adolescents' activity spaces differ from contextual risks present in residential contexts and examined relationships between contextual exposures in activity spaces and alcohol/marijuana use.

Methods: Adolescents (N = 18) aged 16-17 years carried global positioning system (GPS)-enabled smartphones for 1 week, with locations tracked.

Experiencing aggression in clubs: social group and individual level predictors.

To examine the social drinking group's influence on the individual's experiences of physical or sexual aggression at clubs, data were collected from 368 groups (N = 986 individuals). Both group and individual level indicators were examined for impact on self-reports of physical and sexual aggression experiences while at the club. Recent aggressive experiences and perpetration, concerns for group safety, one's own plans and assessment of other group members' plans to drink to the point of intoxication, and personal characteristics were examined, using both individual and group indicators.

Indicators of club management practices and biological measurements of patrons' drug and alcohol use.

Background: Electronic music and dance events in nightclubs attract patrons with heavy alcohol/drug use. Public health concerns are raised from risks related to these behaviors. Practices associated with increased risk in these club settings need to be identified.

The Roles of Perceived Neighborhood Disorganization, Social Cohesion, and Social Control in Urban Thai Adolescents' Substance Use and Delinquency.

Substance use and delinquency in Thai adolescents are growing public health concerns. Research has linked neighborhood characteristics to these outcomes, with explanations focused on neighborhood disorganization, social cohesion, and social control. This study examines the independent associations of these neighborhood constructs with Thai adolescents' substance use and delinquency, through peer deviance, to determine which neighborhood aspects are particularly important.