Diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection with T-SPOT(®).TB in a predominantly immigrant population with rheumatologic disorders.

Purpose: The objective of this study is to compare how likely positive tuberculin skin test (TST) and T-SPOT(®).TB (TSPOT) results predict risk factors for tuberculosis in a predominantly immigrant patient population at risk of latent TB infection (LTBI) and with rheumatologic conditions requiring immunomodulatory therapy (IMT).

Methods: Prospective study conducted at a referral rheumatology clinic.

Clinical evaluation of the nelfinavir-rifabutin interaction in patients with tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus infection.

Study Objective: To characterize the bidirectional interaction between twice-daily nelfinavir and twice-weekly rifabutin and isoniazid in patients with tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Three clinical research centers.

Clinical and radiographic features of HIV-related tuberculosis.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related tuberculosis can be life-threatening for the individual, transmissible to others, and difficult to diagnose. We review the clinical, radiographic, and histopathologic features of HIV-related tuberculosis, and the ways in which these features are affected by the degree of immunodeficiency. At CD4 cell counts greater than 350 cells/microL, HIV-related tuberculosis has a similar presentation to tuberculosis in HIV-uninfected adults, predominantly pulmonary involvement with fibronodular and/or cavitary infiltrates.

Pulmonary manifestations of HIV/AIDS in the tropics.

The most significant pulmonary opportunistic infections in the tropics are TB and pneumococcal pneumonia. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of these and other pulmonary manifestations of HIV are discussed. Ultimately, unless concerted efforts are made to treat underlying HIV infection in regions most devastated by AIDS, the impact of these diseases will continue to grow.